Aerosol Spray Pyrolysis & Solution Phase Synthesis of Nanostructures PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
This dissertation focuses on the synthesis of nanomaterials by both solution phase and gas phase methods. By the solution phase method, we demonstrate the synthesis of Au/CdS binary hybrid nanoparticles and the Au-induced growth of CdS nanorods. At higher reaction temperature, extremely uniform CdS nanorods were obtained. The size of the Au seed nanoparticles has an important influence on the length and diameter of the nanorods. In addition, preparation of peanut-like FePt-CdS hybrid nanoparticles by spontaneous epitaxial nucleation and growth of CdS onto FePt-seed nanoparticles in high-temperature organic solution is reported. The FePt-CdS hybrid nanoparticles reported here are an example of a bifunctional nanomaterial that combines size-dependent magnetic and optical properties. In the gas phase method, a spray pyrolysis aerosol synthesis method was used to produce tellurium dioxide nanoparticles and zinc sulfide nanoparticles. Tellurite glasses (amorphous TeO 2 based materials) have two useful optical properties, high refractive index and high optical nonlinearity, that make them attractive for a range of applications. In the work presented here, TeO 2 nanoparticles were prepared by spray pyrolysis of an aqueous solution of telluric acid, Te(OH) 6 . This laboratory-scale process is capable of producing up to 80 mg/hr of amorphous TeO 2 -nanoparticles with primary particle diameters from 10 to 40 nm, and allows their synthesis in significant quantities from an inexpensive and environmentally friendly precursor. Furthermore, both Er 3+ doped and Er 3+ and Yb 3+ co-doped tellurium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized by spray pyrolysis of an aqueous mixture of telluric acid with erbium/ytterbium salts, which exhibit the infrared to green visible upconversion phenomena. ZnS nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by spray pyrolysis using zinc diethyldithiocarbamate as a single-source precursor. The home-built scanning mobility particle spectrometer (SMPS) is a useful tool for online measurement of the as-produced nanoparticle size distribution in the gas phase. These SMPS results show clearly the transition of precursor aerosol from liquid to vapor phase and that nanoparticle production in the reactor occurs via gas-to-particle conversion. Applicable characterization methods were employed to characterize and to investigate the optical properties of the various materials described in this dissertation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
This dissertation focuses on the synthesis of nanomaterials by both solution phase and gas phase methods. By the solution phase method, we demonstrate the synthesis of Au/CdS binary hybrid nanoparticles and the Au-induced growth of CdS nanorods. At higher reaction temperature, extremely uniform CdS nanorods were obtained. The size of the Au seed nanoparticles has an important influence on the length and diameter of the nanorods. In addition, preparation of peanut-like FePt-CdS hybrid nanoparticles by spontaneous epitaxial nucleation and growth of CdS onto FePt-seed nanoparticles in high-temperature organic solution is reported. The FePt-CdS hybrid nanoparticles reported here are an example of a bifunctional nanomaterial that combines size-dependent magnetic and optical properties. In the gas phase method, a spray pyrolysis aerosol synthesis method was used to produce tellurium dioxide nanoparticles and zinc sulfide nanoparticles. Tellurite glasses (amorphous TeO 2 based materials) have two useful optical properties, high refractive index and high optical nonlinearity, that make them attractive for a range of applications. In the work presented here, TeO 2 nanoparticles were prepared by spray pyrolysis of an aqueous solution of telluric acid, Te(OH) 6 . This laboratory-scale process is capable of producing up to 80 mg/hr of amorphous TeO 2 -nanoparticles with primary particle diameters from 10 to 40 nm, and allows their synthesis in significant quantities from an inexpensive and environmentally friendly precursor. Furthermore, both Er 3+ doped and Er 3+ and Yb 3+ co-doped tellurium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized by spray pyrolysis of an aqueous mixture of telluric acid with erbium/ytterbium salts, which exhibit the infrared to green visible upconversion phenomena. ZnS nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by spray pyrolysis using zinc diethyldithiocarbamate as a single-source precursor. The home-built scanning mobility particle spectrometer (SMPS) is a useful tool for online measurement of the as-produced nanoparticle size distribution in the gas phase. These SMPS results show clearly the transition of precursor aerosol from liquid to vapor phase and that nanoparticle production in the reactor occurs via gas-to-particle conversion. Applicable characterization methods were employed to characterize and to investigate the optical properties of the various materials described in this dissertation.
Author: G.C. Hadjipanayis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940111076X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 806
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Book Description
Nanophase Materials is the first and, as yet, the only comprehensive book published in this new and exciting area of materials science. It gives a broad overview of the revolutionary new field of nanophase materials; a view which spans the materials, physics, and chemistry research communities at a tutorial level that is suitable for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and experts or would-be experts in the science of nanostructured materials. The articles are authored by many of the world's most prominent scientists in this field. The book covers the diverse methods for synthesizing nanophase materials, a variety of subsequent processing methodologies, what is known about the structures of these materials on various length scales from atomic to macroscopic, and the properties of these unique and novel materials. The materials properties covered are mechanical, electronic, optical, and magnetic and hence span a wide range of important new opportunities for technological applications.
Author: Rafael M. Trommer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662471620
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 87
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Book Description
This book presents a complete and updated overview of Flame Spray process, from its History to the Apparatus necessary for the synthesis of nanostructures. It addresses not only the materials produced by this technique, but also their properties, such as crystallinity and crystallite size, specific surface area, particle size and morphology. Also, the principles of nanoparticle formation are described. It is a useful read to all those interested in low cost synthesis of nanostructured powders and coatings.
Author: Haipeng Li
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this thesis ''Flame spray pyrolysis for synthesizing functional nanoparticles: Fundamental investigations on single and double droplet combustion'', experimental studies on droplet combustion and explosions to fundamentally understand the particle formation from liquid droplets and droplet interactions in the nanofabrication process of flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) are shown. FSP is one promising and versatile flame aerosol technique for fast synthesis of functional and engineering nanomaterials. This gas-phase synthesis nanomaterial process is famous and attractive for its reproducibility and scalability, and thus has potential applications for commercial scale-up production in industry. Gas-to-particle conversion and droplet-to-particle conversion are two particle formation routes in FSP, which decide the quality of produced particles. The particle formation mechanism is associated with the mass transfer of the precursor from liquid droplet to gas phase. Therefore, it is necessary and important to investigate droplet combustion behavior of precursor solutions, for providing fundamental insights into the mechanisms of droplet combustion and particle formation in FSP. The focus of this work is divided into three parts. Single droplet combustion and FSP synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using low- and high-volatility precursors were done, aiming to investigate the mechanism and occurrence condition of droplet micro-explosions, nanoparticle formations in single droplet combustion and FSP, as well as the promotion of homogeneous nanoparticle synthesis from low-volatility precursors. The influences of precursor choices, precursor concentrations and solvent compositions on droplet combustion behaviors, rainbow signals and the synthesis of iron oxide particles were experimentally investigated. The mechanism and occurrence conditions of droplet micro-explosions were discussed and summarized, which could be used to trigger explosions of droplets containing metal nitrates. The synthesized particles were characterized using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as low- and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM and HRTEM) techniques. The similarity of nanoparticles prepared from single droplet combustion and FSP was explained. It is found that the secondary-atomization of droplets induced by micro-explosions efficiently promotes the production of homogeneous nanoparticles. Three-dimensional measurements of double droplet combustion of the pure solvent and the precursor solution were conducted, targeting to study the influence of a neighboring droplet on combustion behaviors (droplet interactions), and the occurrence of double droplet explosions. The developed three-dimensional measurement technique using two highly time-synchronized high-speed cameras could provide highly time-resolved information including droplet diameters, flame diameters, droplet 3D trajectories, droplet 3D velocities, and the center distances between the two burning droplets. Droplet interactions in the pure oxygen atmosphere as well as in the mixture of oxygen and nitrogen atmosphere were investigated. Droplet micro-explosions were first observed during double droplet combustion experiments of precursor solutions. The occurrence of double droplet explosions is affected by droplet interactions. Digital in-line holography measurements of single droplet combustion were performed, and the focus is to detect the size of non-burning droplets and to estimate the refractive index gradient surrounding the burning droplet. The constructed experimental setup and the developed imaging processing method are able to obtain clear hologram signals. The developed methods for hologram formation and numerical reconstruction have shown their abilities to detect droplet size. The influence of the surrounding flame on hologram signals are experimentally identified, which is proposed to estimate the refractive index gradient surrounding burning droplets. This thesis shows the capability of using droplet combustion experiments to provide fundamental information of droplet combustion, explosion and interaction for FSP. These investigations could be used to explore low-cost precursor-solvent systems for producing homogeneous nanoparticles, to figure out the interaction between burning droplets, as well as to understand the droplet flame.
Author: Gan-Moog Chow
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401150028
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 461
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Book Description
A critical, up to date, tutorial review and discussion of the science and technology of nanostructured metallic and ceramic materials. The focus is on the synthesis and processing of nanoparticles, the assembly and stability of nanostructures, characterization and properties, and applications. There is a growing interest in the processing of nanoparticles into consolidated bulk materials and coatings. The metastability of nanoparticles may lead to undesirable grain growth during thermally assisted consolidation or other processing routes, and the retention of nanostructures in a processed part or component continues to attract a great deal of attention. Current activity is concentrating on the deposition of nanostructured coatings using established thermal spray technology and wet chemistry methods. Naturally existing or artificially synthesized templates with unique structures and morphologies have been used to fabricate nanostructured materials with the same structural and morphological characteristics as the templates. Recent advances in characterization techniques have provided information on the structure, the surface and bulk chemistry of nanoparticles, and the structures and chemistry of exposed and buried surfaces of coatings. Contributors are drawn from Canada, France, UK, USA, Belarus, Russia and Ukraine.
Author: Thomas Tsakalakos
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400710194
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 694
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Book Description
The Advanced Study Institute on Synthesis, Functional Properties and Applications of Nanostructures, held at the Knossos Royal Village, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, July 26, 2002 - August 4, 2002, successfully reviewed the state-of-the-art of nanostructures and nanotechnology. It was concluded that Nanotechnology is widely agreed to be the research focus that will lead to the next generation of breakthroughs in science and engineering. There are three cornerstones to the expectation that Nanotechnology will yield revolutionary advances in understanding and application: • Breakthroughs in properties that arise from materials fabricated from the nanoscale. • Synergistic behavior that arise from the combination of disparate types of materials (soft vs. hard, organic vs. inorganic, chemical vs. biological vs. solid state) at the nanoscale. • Exploitation of natural (e.g. chemical and biological) assembly mechanisms that can accomplish structural control at the nanoscale. It is expected that this will lead to paradigms for assembling bio-inspired functional systems that accomplish desirable properties that are either unavailable or prohibitively expensive using top-down approaches.
Author: Toivo T. Kodas
Publisher: Wiley-VCH
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
Aerosol Processing of Materials offers a comprehensive look at advanced materials processing by aerosol methods. This self-contained volume examines in-depth what it takes to generate powders and films with specialized characteristics using gas-phase processes. In three main parts, it addresses particle formation by intraparticle reaction, particle formation by gas-to-particle conversion, and film formation. All aspects of these subjects are considered, from the basic principles and chemistry of aerosols to processing methods and the characterization of materials. The text incorporates an impressive array of examples involving materials such as metals, metal oxides, and metal sulfides for application in pigments, ceramics superconductors, electronics, sensors, glass coatings, semiconductors, optical materials, and thick films.
Author: Yves Huttel
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527340602
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
The first overview of this topic begins with some historical aspects and a survey of the principles of the gas aggregation method. The second part covers modifications of this method resulting in different specialized techniques, while the third discusses the post-growth treatment that can be applied to the nanoparticles. The whole is rounded off by a review of future perspectives and the challenges facing the scientific and industrial communities. An excellent resource for anyone working with the synthesis of nanoparticles, both in academia and industry.
Author: Oliver Diwald
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119436745
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : de
Pages : 903
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Book Description
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles A complete nanoparticle resource for chemists and industry professionals Metal oxide nanoparticles are integral to a wide range of natural and technological processes—from mineral transformation to electronics. Additionally, the fields of engineering, electronics, energy technology, and electronics all utilize metal oxide nanoparticle powders. Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Formation, Functional Properties, and Interfaces presents readers with the most relevant synthesis and formulation approaches for using metal oxide nanoparticles as functional materials. It covers common processing routes and the assessment of physical and chemical particle properties through comprehensive and complementary characterization methods. This book will serve as an introduction to nanoparticle formulation, their interface chemistry and functional properties at the nanoscale. It will also act as an in-depth resource, sharing detailed information on advanced approaches to the physical, chemical, surface, and interface characterization of metal oxide nanoparticle powders and dispersions. Addresses the application of metal oxide nanoparticles and its economic impact Examines particle synthesis, including the principles of selected bottom-up strategies Explores nanoparticle formulation—a selection of processing and application routes Discusses the significance of particle surfaces and interfaces on structure formation, stability and functional materials properties Covers metal oxide nanoparticle characterization at different length scales With this valuable resource, academic researchers, industrial chemists, and PhD students can all gain insight into the synthesis, properties, and applications of metal oxide nanoparticles.
Author: Masuo Hosokawa
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 008055802X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 645
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Book Description
Nanoparticle technology, which handles the preparation, processing, application and characterisation of nanoparticles, is a new and revolutionary technology. It becomes the core of nanotechnology as an extension of the conventional Fine Particle / Powder Technology. Nanoparticle technology plays an important role in the implementation of nanotechnology in many engineering and industrial fields including electronic devices, advanced ceramics, new batteries, engineered catalysts, functional paint and ink, Drug Delivery System, biotechnology, etc.; and makes use of the unique properties of the nanoparticles which are completely different from those of the bulk materials. This new handbook is the first to explain complete aspects of nanoparticles with many application examples showing their advantages and advanced development. There are handbooks which briefly mention the nanosized particles or their related applications, but no handbook describing the complete aspects of nanoparticles has been published so far. The handbook elucidates of the basic properties of nanoparticles and various nanostructural materials with their characterisation methods in the first part. It also introduces more than 40 examples of practical and potential uses of nanoparticles in the later part dealing with applications. It is intended to give readers a clear picture of nanoparticles as well as new ideas or hints on their applications to create new materials or to improve the performance of the advanced functional materials developed with the nanoparticles. * Introduces all aspects of nanoparticle technology, from the fundamentals to applications. * Includes basic information on the preparation through to the characterization of nanoparticles from various viewpoints * Includes information on nanostructures, which play an important role in practical applications.
