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Author: Mehdi Rahimi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This thesis presents advances in biamperometry, together with applications cyclic biamperometry, in in vitro ocular cytotoxicity assessment. For the cytotoxicity/viability assessment, cultured human corneal epithelial cells have been used as a model. The assay involves electrochemical measurement of the respiratory activity of the cells, and relating the extent of cell respiration to cell viability. This measurement is done by capturing electrons from the components of the respiratory chain and transferring these electrons to a non-native terminal recipient. In this study, three lipophilic redox mediators, including 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol,menadione (vitamin K3) and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine were evaluated. The mediators were compared with each other under their optimal conditions and 2,6- dichlorophenolindophenol was selected for further studies. To demonstrate the cytotoxicity assessment, three well-characterized toxicants, including benzalkonium chloride, sodium dodecylsulfate, and hydrogen peroxide, were used and it has been shown that the electrochemical assay is able to detect the cytotoxicity of the test chemicals near their cytotoxicity threshold reported in the literature. In addition, culturing human corneal epithelial cells on growth inserts, in an attempt to construct 3D corneal tissues to be used in ocular cytotoxicity assessment, is discussed. Diff erential pulse biamperometry is also introduced. This electrochemical method involves application of diff erential pulse waveforms in the biamperometric electrochemical cells. Various parameters aff ecting the response of the method as well as potential applications for future studies are discussed.
Author: Mehdi Rahimi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This thesis presents advances in biamperometry, together with applications cyclic biamperometry, in in vitro ocular cytotoxicity assessment. For the cytotoxicity/viability assessment, cultured human corneal epithelial cells have been used as a model. The assay involves electrochemical measurement of the respiratory activity of the cells, and relating the extent of cell respiration to cell viability. This measurement is done by capturing electrons from the components of the respiratory chain and transferring these electrons to a non-native terminal recipient. In this study, three lipophilic redox mediators, including 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol,menadione (vitamin K3) and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine were evaluated. The mediators were compared with each other under their optimal conditions and 2,6- dichlorophenolindophenol was selected for further studies. To demonstrate the cytotoxicity assessment, three well-characterized toxicants, including benzalkonium chloride, sodium dodecylsulfate, and hydrogen peroxide, were used and it has been shown that the electrochemical assay is able to detect the cytotoxicity of the test chemicals near their cytotoxicity threshold reported in the literature. In addition, culturing human corneal epithelial cells on growth inserts, in an attempt to construct 3D corneal tissues to be used in ocular cytotoxicity assessment, is discussed. Diff erential pulse biamperometry is also introduced. This electrochemical method involves application of diff erential pulse waveforms in the biamperometric electrochemical cells. Various parameters aff ecting the response of the method as well as potential applications for future studies are discussed.
Author: Keith Green
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461559375
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
This volume represents the proceedings of the Fifth Congress of the International Society of Ocular Toxicology (ISOT), which was held at the Grove Park Inn and Resort in Asheville, North Carolina, October 13-17, 1996. We are delighted to present this volume to the ophthalmic community, especially those with a significant interest in ocular toxicol ogy. The Fifth Congress was developed around themes relating to ocular drug metabolism, the ocular pathophysiological effects of nitric oxide, government issues relating to the use of alternative methods for toxicity testing, and a workshop that encompassed comparisons of both in vitro versus in vivo models as well as different animal models. The outcome of this congress, embodied in this volume, is a contribution to the methodologies currently employed or under development and to various drug or physical effects on different ocular tissues. While the focus of this proceedings is on ocular effects of drugs or other materials, many of the contributions deal with topics that have a much broader interest. The workshop concerning the use of different model systems and the choice of the best animal model for drug testing covers a wide range of interests that ex tends far beyond specific ocular effects. This is especially true in the area of alternative methods and in the choice of the best animal model for examination of different disease entities.
Author: Nandita Dasgupta
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030730123
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book presents comprehensive reviews on the latest developments of nanotechnologies to detect and remove pollutants in water, air and food. Polymer nanocomposites, nanoparticles from microbes and the application of nanotechnologies for desalination and agriculture are also discussed. Pollution of water and air by contaminants and diseases is a major health issue leading globally to millions of deaths yearly according to the World Health Organization. Such issue requires advanced methods to clean environmental media.
Author: Branislav Ranković
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 303016814X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
This revised and extended edition provides in-depth insights into the benefits and untapped potential of lichen-derived bioactive compounds. The whole spectrum of these compounds’ biological and medical functions, from antibiotic to antiviral and anti-carcinogenic properties, is presented. In addition, a new chapter discusses the anti-neurodegenerative and anti-diabetic activities of lichenic secondary metabolites. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable asset for students and researchers in this field.
Author: Frank-Michael Matysik
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319484850
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
This volume offers a careful selection of trend-setting topics in the field. In-depth review articles illustrate current trends in the field. Experienced experts present a comprehensive overview concerning the electrochemical biosensing of glucose for diabetes care from an industrial research and development perspective a survey of bioassay applications for individually addressable electrochemical arrays, focusing on liquid-phase bioanalytical assays a review of recent advances in the development of electronic tongues based on the use of biosensor arrays coupled with advanced chemometric data analysis novel strategies of DNA biosensor development and corresponding applications for studies of DNA damage a survey of recent trends in the electrochemistry of redox proteins, including the increasing diversity of redox proteins used in electrochemical studies, novel immobilization strategies, and biosensor / biofuel cell applications an overview of electrochemical sensing of blood gases with advanced sensor concepts a survey of recent bioelectroanalytical studies with high spatial resolution using scanning electrochemical microscopy with a wide range of applications covering imaging of living cells, studies of metabolic activity, imaging of local enzyme activity, and studies of transport through biolayers This timely collection will be of interest not only for experts in the field, but also to students and their teachers in disciplines that include analytical chemistry, biology, electrochemistry, and various interdisciplinary research areas.
Author: Fritz Scholz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319212214
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
In this collection of interrelated essays, the authors review landmark developments in electrochemistry building on biographic material and personal insight. The book facilitates understanding of the innate pathways of developments in electrochemical science as a result of lucky circumstances fitting to objective conditions. Thus the book will help to understand the present state of electrochemistry and offer inspiration for solving today’s scientific challenges. The authors as experienced electrochemists from the U.S., Western and Eastern Europe also provide guidance for scientific careers by presenting biographical examples of famous electrochemists.
Author: Quan Li
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319320238
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 602
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Book Description
This book presents the unique mechanical, electrical, and optical properties of nanomaterials, which play an important role in the recent advances of energy-related applications. Different nanomaterials have been employed in energy saving, generation, harvest, conversion, storage, and transport processes very effectively and efficiently. Recent progress in the preparation, characterization and usage of 1D, 2D nanomaterials and hybrid architectures for energy-related applications and relevant technologies and devices, such as solar cells, thermoelectronics, piezoelectronics, solar water splitting, hydrogen production/storage, fuel cells, batteries, and supercapacitors is covered. Moreover, the book also highlights novel approaches in nanomaterials design and synthesis and evaluating materials sustainability issues. Contributions from active and leading experts regarding important aspects like the synthesis, assembly, and properties of nanomaterials for energy-related applications are compiled into a reference book. As evident from the diverse topics, the book will be very valuable to researchers working in the intersection of physics, chemistry, biology, materials science and engineering. It may set the standard and stimulates future developments in this rapidly emerging fertile frontier of nanomaterials for energy.
Author: Pam Fluttert
Publisher: Second Story Press
ISBN: 1927583179
Category : Juvenile Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 163
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Book Description
KatÕs life seems to be going ever further downhill. The older brother she adores is going off to college. But her annoying younger sister is always around and will probably be an even bigger pain to look after. Worse than any of this is the continued presence of Greg, a good friend of her parents who has been sexually abusing Kat since she was a little girl. No one knows her secret Ð the only place Kat confides the truth is in the pages of her journal. Not even her best friends, Scott and Steph, know about whatÕs been going on for years. But now the journal is missing. Kat is terrified her secret is about to be revealed and all her worst fears will be realized. She is convinced everyone will hate and blame her for what has been happening. Could she be bearing an unfair burden, feeling guilty for something that was never her fault to begin with? Is this the chance to finally turn the tables, and for Kat to go from victim to survivor?
Author: Resat Apak
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119135354
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
A comprehensive reference for assessing the antioxidant potential of foods and essential techniques for developing healthy food products Measurement of Antioxidant Activity and Capacity offers a much-needed resource for assessing the antioxidant potential of food and includes proven approaches for creating healthy food products. With contributions from world-class experts in the field, the text presents the general mechanisms underlying the various assessments, the types of molecules detected, and the key advantages and disadvantages of each method. Both thermodynamic (i.e. efficiency of scavenging reactive species) and kinetic (i.e. rates of hydrogen atom or electron transfer reactions) aspects of available methods are discussed in detail. A thorough description of all available methods provides a basis and rationale for developing standardized antioxidant capacity/activity methods for food and nutraceutical sciences and industries. This text also contains data on new antioxidant measurement techniques including nanotechnological methods in spectroscopy and electrochemistry, as well as on innovative assays combining several principles. Therefore, the comparison of conventional methods versus novel approaches is made possible. This important resource: Offers suggestions for assessing the antioxidant potential of foods and their components Includes strategies for the development of healthy functional food products Contains information for identifying antioxidant activity in the body Presents the pros and cons of the available antioxidant determination methods, and helps in the selection of the most appropriate method Written for researchers and professionals in the nutraceutical and functional food industries,academia and government laboratories, this text includes the most current knowledge in order to form a common language between research groups and to contribute to the solution of critical problems existing for all researchers working in this field.
Author: Krishnan Rajeshwar
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080531091
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 793
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Book Description
The first book of its kind, Environmental Electrochemistry considers the role that electrochemical science and engineering can play in environmental remediation, pollution targeting, and pollutant recycling. Electrochemical-based sensors and abatement technologies for the detection, quantification, and treatment of environmental pollutants are described. Each chapter includes an extensive listing of supplemental readings, with illustrations throughout the bookto clarify principles and approaches detailed in the text. The first book to review electro- and photoelectrochemical technologies for environmental remediation, pollution sensors and pollutant recycling Applicable to a broad audience of environmental scientists and practicing electrochemists Includes both laboratory concepts and practical applications
