Advanced Sulfur Control Concepts for Hot Gas Desulfurization Technology PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Book Description
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
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Languages : en
Pages : 45
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The topical report describes the results of Phase 2 research to determine the feasibility of the direct production of elemental sulfur during the regeneration of high temperature desulfurization sorbents. Many of the contaminants present in coal emerge from the gasification process in the product gas. Much effort has gone into the development of high temperature metal oxide sorbents for removal of H2S from coal gas. The oxides of zinc, iron, manganese, and others have been studied. In order for high temperature desulfurization to be economical it is necessary that the sorbents be regenerated to permit multicycle operation. Current methods of sorbent regeneration involve oxidation of the metal sulfide to reform the metal oxide and free the sulfur as SO2. An alternate regeneration process in which the sulfur is liberated in elemental form is desired. Elemental sulfur, which is the typical feed to sulfuric acid plants, may be easily separated, stored, and transported. Although research to convert SO2 produced during sorbent regeneration to elemental sulfur is on-going, additional processing steps are required and the overall process will be more complex. Clearly, the direct production of elemental sulfur is preferred. Desulfurization utilizing a cerium oxide based sorbent is discussed.
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Pages : 27
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The primary objective of this research project is the direct production of elemental sulfur during the regeneration of known high temperature desulfurization sorbents. The contract was awarded to LSU on April 12, 1994, and this quarterly report covers accomplishments during the first 2 1/2 months of the project. Effort during the initial 2 1/2 month period has been limited to Tasks 1 and 2, and involves a search of the literature to identify concepts for producing elemental sulfur during regeneration of known metal oxide sorbents and a thermodynamic evaluation of these concepts. While searching and evaluating the literature is a continuing process, concentrated effort on that phase is now complete and a detailed summary is included in this report. Three possible concepts for the direct production of elemental sulfur were identified in the LSU proposal, and the literature search has not uncovered any additional concepts. Thus, the three concepts being investigated involve: (1) regeneration with SO2, (2) regeneration with mixtures Of 02 and H2O, and (3) regeneration with H2O. While concept (3) directly produces H2S instead of elemental sulfur, the concept is included because the possibility exists for converting H2S to elemental sulfur using the Claus process. Each of the concepts will ultimately be compared to the Direct Sulfur Recovery Process (DSRP) under development by RTI. DSRP involves initial sorbent regeneration to SO2, and the inclusion of additional processing steps to reduce the SO2 to elemental sulfur.
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Pages : 44
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Favorable results were achieved in the sulfidation of CeO2 by H2S and the regeneration of Ce2O2S by SO2. Successful removal of approximately 99% of the H2S from the sulfidation gas to levels of about 100 ppmv (or lower), and the production of approximately 12% elemental sulfur (as S2) in the regeneration product gas were highlights. Final effort in the preliminary phase included a ten-cycle test at standard sulfidation and regeneration conditions with little or no sorbent deterioration. In the initial test of the detailed experimental phase of the program, the authors investigated the effect of temperature on the regeneration reaction. Results of preliminary tests showed that the Ce2O2S-SO2 reaction did not occur at 350 C, and all subsequent regeneration tests were at 600 C where the reaction was rapid. Significant progress has been made on the process analysis effort during the quarter. Detailed process flow diagrams along with material and energy balance calculations for six design case studies were completed in the previous quarter. Two of the cases involved two-stage desulfurization with steam regeneration, three used two-stage desulfurization with SO2 regeneration, and the sixth was based on single-stage desulfurization with elemental sulfur recovery using the DSRP concept. In the present quarter, major process equipment was sized for each of the six cases. Preliminary annual operating and levelized total cost estimates were then completed for two design cases--one involving two-stage desulfurization with SO2 regeneration and the second based on single-stage desulfurization with DSRP.
