Advanced Layering System and Design for the Increased Thermal Protection of Wildland Fire Shelters PDF Download
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Author: Anita Nagavalli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Emergency fire shelter
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
The last line of defense for wildland firefighters is their emergency fire shelter. These shelters consist of a multilayer outer dome composed of an aluminum foil laminated to a woven silica fabric and an aluminum foil laminated to a woven fiberglass fabric. Wildland fires are extremely variable and can change direction and intensity at any point. If a wildland firefighter gets caught in an entrapment scenario, they are trained to deploy their shelter, get inside, lie on the ground, and allow the fire to burn over them. Research being performed at the Textile Protection and Comfort Center aims to create lightweight shelter materials and layering structures that better protect wildland firefighters in these conditions. This project aims to improve the thermal protective performance of the shelter materials through the incorporation of convective heat blockers and insulative battings. Foils of various metals, including aluminum and copper, were used as the convective blockers, and ceramic nonwoven fabrics were used as insulative batting. Layering concepts have been tested using a single Meker burner apparatus to expose the samples to combined radiant and convective heat. The results from the bench-level testing identified materials that offer the most protection per weight. Layering designs that incorporated convective blockers and inorganic nonwovens outperformed the control due to the additional layers of thermal protection and the added air layers. The most promising designs will be made into prototype shelters and will undergo full-scale testing in both the PyroMan fire test chamber and in live fire field scenarios.
Author: Anita Nagavalli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Emergency fire shelter
Languages : en
Pages : 15
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Book Description
The last line of defense for wildland firefighters is their emergency fire shelter. These shelters consist of a multilayer outer dome composed of an aluminum foil laminated to a woven silica fabric and an aluminum foil laminated to a woven fiberglass fabric. Wildland fires are extremely variable and can change direction and intensity at any point. If a wildland firefighter gets caught in an entrapment scenario, they are trained to deploy their shelter, get inside, lie on the ground, and allow the fire to burn over them. Research being performed at the Textile Protection and Comfort Center aims to create lightweight shelter materials and layering structures that better protect wildland firefighters in these conditions. This project aims to improve the thermal protective performance of the shelter materials through the incorporation of convective heat blockers and insulative battings. Foils of various metals, including aluminum and copper, were used as the convective blockers, and ceramic nonwoven fabrics were used as insulative batting. Layering concepts have been tested using a single Meker burner apparatus to expose the samples to combined radiant and convective heat. The results from the bench-level testing identified materials that offer the most protection per weight. Layering designs that incorporated convective blockers and inorganic nonwovens outperformed the control due to the additional layers of thermal protection and the added air layers. The most promising designs will be made into prototype shelters and will undergo full-scale testing in both the PyroMan fire test chamber and in live fire field scenarios.
Author: Roger L. Barker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
Author: M. Rucker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Protective clothing
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Two prototype protective clothing systems for wildland firefighters were developed for comparison with protective clothing systems currently used by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF) and the U.S. Forest Service (USFS). The four types of protective clothing systems, in two different sizes, were tested for protective capabilities on the thermal mannequin at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. An average heat flux of 80 KW/m2 and an exposure time of 4 seconds were used to simulate a wildland flash fire. A two-way analysis of variance indicated that differences in fit did not produce significant differences in burn injuries. However, it should be noted that the difference in fit in this study was relatively small. The differences in type of garment system were significant; all of the two-layer systems were significantly more protective than the one-layer system. Design features that appeared to increase thermal protection included an adjustable collar, zipper guard and reduction in loose edges on the protective shirt.
Author: Robert E. Keane
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319090151
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 195
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Book Description
A new era in wildland fuel sciences is now evolving in such a way that fire scientists and managers need a comprehensive understanding of fuels ecology and science to fully understand fire effects and behavior on diverse ecosystem and landscape characteristics. This is a reference book on wildland fuel science; a book that describes fuels and their application in land management. There has never been a comprehensive book on wildland fuels; most wildland fuel information was put into wildland fire science and management books as separate chapters and sections. This book is the first to highlight wildland fuels and treat them as a natural resource rather than a fire behavior input. Moreover, there has never been a comprehensive description of fuels and their ecology, measurement, and description under one reference; most wildland fuel information is scattered across diverse and unrelated venues from combustion science to fire ecology to carbon dynamics. The literature and data for wildland fuel science has never been synthesized into one reference; most studies were done for diverse and unique objectives. This book is the first to link the disparate fields of ecology, wildland fire, and carbon to describe fuel science. This just deals with the science and ecology of wildland fuels, not fuels management. However, since expensive fuel treatments are being planned in fire dominated landscapes across the world to minimize fire damage to people, property and ecosystems, it is incredibly important that people understand wildland fuels to develop more effective fuel management activities.
Author: B. D. Lawson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire risk assessment
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
This weather guide includes detailed specifications for locating and instrumenting fire weather stations, taking weather observations, and overwintering the Drought Code component of the FWI System. The sensitivity of the FWI System components to weather elements is represented quantitatively. The importance of weather that is not directly observable is discussed in the context of fuel moisture and fire behavior. Current developments in the observation and measurement of fire weather and the forecasting of fire danger are discussed, along with the implications for the reporting of fire weather of increasingly automated fire management information systems.
Author: Johann Georg Goldammer
Publisher: African Minds
ISBN: 191983365X
Category : Fire ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 446
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Book Description
Africa is a fire continent. Since the early evolution of humanity, fire has been harnessed as a land-use tool. Many ecosystems of Sub-Sahara Africa that have been shaped by fire over millennia provide a high carrying capacity for human populations.
Author: David Schottke
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers
ISBN: 1449641520
Category : Fire extinction
Languages : en
Pages : 1229
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
