Actes du 9ème Congrès international de numismatique, Berne, septembre 1979 (A.C.I.N.) PDF Download
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Numismatics
Languages : fr
Pages : 812
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Numismatics
Languages : fr
Pages : 812
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Numismatics
Languages : fr
Pages : 418
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Book Description
Author: Kevin Butcher
Publisher: Oxbow Books
ISBN: 1789253993
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 660
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Book Description
The debasement of coinage, particularly of silver, was a common feature of pre-modern monetary systems. Most coinages were issued by state authorities and the condition of a coinage is often seen (rightly or wrongly) as an indicator of the broader fiscal health of the state that produced it. While in some cases the motives behind the debasements or reductions in standards are clear, in many cases the intentions of the issuing authorities are uncertain. Various explanations have been advanced: fiscal motives (such as a desire to profit or a to cover a deficit caused by the failure to balance expenditure and revenues); monetary motives (such as changing demand for coined money or a desire to maintain monetary stability in the face of changing values of raw materials or labour costs); pressure from groups within society that would profit from debasement; misconduct at the mint; or the decline of existing monetary standards due to circulation and wear of the coinage in circulation. Certain explanations have tended to gain favour with monetary historians of specific periods, partly reflecting the compartmentalization of scholarship. Thus the study of Roman debasements emphasizes fiscal deficits, whereas medievalists are often more prepared to consider monetary factors as contributing to debasements. To some extent these different approaches are a reflection of discrepancies in the amount of documentary evidence available for the respective periods, but the divide also underlines fundamentally different approaches to the function of coinage: Romanists have preferred to see coins as a medium for state payments; whereas medievalists have often emphasized exchange as an important function of currency. The volume is inter-disciplinary in scope. Apart from bringing together monetary historians of different periods, it also contains contributions from archaeometallurgists who have experience with the chemical and physical composition of coins and technical aspects of production of base alloys
Author: Dumbarton Oaks
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coins, Byzantine
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Book Description
Author: Ilâ S. Prokopov
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789549200089
Category : Archaeological museums and collections
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Paul McKechnie
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004367624
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 259
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Book Description
Amyrtaeus, only pharaoh of the Twenty-eighth Dynasty, shook off the shackles of Persian rule in 404 BCE; a little over seventy years later, Ptolemy son of Lagus started the ‘Greek millennium’ (J.G. Manning’s phrase) in Egypt―living long enough to leave a powerful kingdom to his youngest son, Ptolemy II, in 282. In this book, expert studies document the transformation of Egypt through the dynamic fourth century, and the inauguration of the Ptolemaic state. Ptolemy built up his position as ruler subtly and steadily. Continuity and change marked the Egyptian-Greek encounter. The calendar, the economy and coinage, the temples, all took on new directions. In the great new city of Alexandria, the settlers’ burial customs had their own story to tell.
Author: Charles Bradford Welles
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 544
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Book Description
Author: G. T. Griffith
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107419301
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
Originally published in 1935, this book provides a detailed history of the employment of mercenaries in the Hellenistic period. Griffith discusses how and why mercenaries were used after the death of Alexander the Great by the Seleucids, Ptolemies, the Greek League and other powers active before the rise of Rome, and includes a section contrasting the pay and maintenance of mercenaries in the classical period with that of the Hellenistic period. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in ancient history and one of the ancient world's most important professions.
Author: T. F. C. Blagg
Publisher: British Archaeological Reports Oxford Limited
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
The nature of indigenous political and social structure was a key factor in Roman expansion. To facilitate conquest and incorpora-tion, existing political divisions and tendencies were exploited to the full. In the longer term, Rome usually adopted whatever it could intact, and adapted or altered only those features which ran counter to her interests.
Author: Ken Dowden
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134926278
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
In an innovative sequence of topics, Ken Dowden explores the uses Greeks made of myth and the uses to which we can put myth in recovering the richness of their culture. Most aspects of Greek life and history - including war, religion and sexuality - which are discernable through myth, as well as most modern approaches, are given a context in a book which is designed to be useful, accessible and stimulating.
