A Study of the Phase Transition Characteristics of Doped Lead Magnesium Niobate - Lead Titanate Relaxor Ferroelectrics PDF Download
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Author: Edgar Robert Seydel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Author: Edgar Robert Seydel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Author: Peter Günter
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9782881243844
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Author: Pierre Villars
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110276658
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1827
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Book Description
By browsing about 10 000 000 scientific articles of over 200 major journals mainly in a 'cover to cover approach' some 200 000 publications were selected. The extracted data is part of the following fundamental material research fields: crystal structures (S), phase diagrams (also called constitution) (C) and the comprehensive field of intrinsic physical properties (P). This work has been done systematically starting with the literature going back to 1900. The above mentioned research field codes (S, C, P) as well as the chemical systems investigated in each publication were included in the present work. The aim of the Inorganic Substances Bibliography is to provide researchers with a comprehensive compilation of all up to now published scientific publications on inorganic systems in only three handy volumes.
Author: Lorena Pardo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048128757
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 847
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This book presents selected topics on processing and properties of ferroelectric materials that are currently the focus of attention in scientific and technical research. Ferro-piezoelectric ceramics are key materials in devices for many applications, such as automotive, healthcare and non-destructive testing. As they are polycrystalline, non-centrosymmetric materials, their piezoelectricity is induced by the so-called poling process. This is based on the principle of polarization reversal by the action of an electric field that characterizes the ferroelectric materials. This book was born with the aim of increasing the awareness of the multifunctionality of ferroelectric materials among different communities, such as researchers, electronic engineers, end-users and manufacturers, working on and with ferro-piezoelectric ceramic materials and devices which are based on them. The initiative to write this book comes from a well-established group of researchers at the Laboratories of Ferroelectric Materials, Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM-CSIC). This group has been working in different areas concerning thin films and bulk ceramic materials since the mid-1980s. It is a partner of the Network of Excellence on Multifunctional and Integrated Piezoelectric Devices (MIND) of the EC, in which the European Institute of Piezoelectric Materials and Devices has its origin.
Author: Ibrahim Dincer
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128149256
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 5543
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Comprehensive Energy Systems, Seven Volume Set provides a unified source of information covering the entire spectrum of energy, one of the most significant issues humanity has to face. This comprehensive book describes traditional and novel energy systems, from single generation to multi-generation, also covering theory and applications. In addition, it also presents high-level coverage on energy policies, strategies, environmental impacts and sustainable development. No other published work covers such breadth of topics in similar depth. High-level sections include Energy Fundamentals, Energy Materials, Energy Production, Energy Conversion, and Energy Management. Offers the most comprehensive resource available on the topic of energy systems Presents an authoritative resource authored and edited by leading experts in the field Consolidates information currently scattered in publications from different research fields (engineering as well as physics, chemistry, environmental sciences and economics), thus ensuring a common standard and language
Author:
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Category : Electrical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 2240
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Author: Samuel Taylor
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Lead magnesium niobate-titanate, Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT), and lead indium niobate-magnesium niobate-titanate, Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) ferroelectric single crystals are widely used in current and next generation medical ultrasound devices for their high signal strength and high frequency capabilities. With technology innovations, single crystal elements in transducers have become small enough that geometry induced domain clamping can severely limit the dielectric properties of the material and must be taken into consideration. Previous work on single crystal PMN-PT and PIN-PMN-PT has demonstrated that a sample with geometries on the scale of the materials ferroelectric domain size will cause domain clamping. [1] Those studies only evaluated single crystals with polished surface finishes. During preparation of a crystal sample, machining stresses can cause permanent lattice distortions, inducing a surface dead layer, an area of distorted lattice near the surface that is no longer ferroelectric. [2] The geometry induced domain clamping study used samples with essentially no surface dead layer. In medical ultrasounds, the low acoustic impedance of human tissues requires impedance matching layers to be adhered to the crystal surface within the transducer in order to transition the sound wave from the high impedance crystal to the low impedance human tissue. Most bonding techniques require a crystal surface rougher than that obtained from a traditional polishing process. A rougher surface will have high stress introduced deeper into the part due to the machining process. This creates a surface dead layer where the lattice is permanently distorted and no longer exhibits ferroelectric behavior. This will reduce the percent volume of ferroelectric material in the part, reducing overall ferroelectric properties/behavior. In this study, commercial surface finish techniques, including ID saw, wire saw, rough surface grinding and fine surface grinding were used to prepare crystal samples of varying thickness to evaluate the thickness and surface roughness dependence of PMN-PT and PIN-PMT- PT single crystals dielectric properties and ferroelectric behavior. All the samples studied met current commercial matching layer adhesion requirements for surface roughness. The ferroelectric crystals were polarized under both DC and AC fields. Electrical properties were measured after DC poling and AC poling. AC poling response was measured to observe the polarization hysteresis behavior of each sample. The primary electrical properties of interest were the thickness mode electromechanical coupling coefficient (kt), strain free component of the relative dielectric permittivity ([epsilon]r) and the coercive field (Ec), as well as the general shape and evolution of the polarization hysteresis loop through multiple measurements. With the ID sawn, wire sawn and rough surface finishes, both PMN-PT and PIN-PMN-PT crystals exhibited thickness dependent domain impingement. PMN-PT samples showed decreased [epsilon]r and non-characteristic PE hysteresis below 350[mu]m thickness. Although PIN-PMN-PT samples showed degradation in the ferroelectric hysteresis loop at thicknesses just below bulk thickness, [epsilon]r was maintained for samples of at least 400[mu]m thickness. For both crystal compositions, the surface dead layer occupied enough volume to result in a measurable detrimental effect on poling and electrical properties. The effects of the surface dead layer on ferroelectric behavior of the crystal samples were similar to the dimensional pinning of domains in thin polished samples of PMN-PT. With similar surface preparation, PIN-PMN-PT crystals also exhibited low properties, unlike in a polished sample. Using a fine grind technique, thin samples of PIN-PMN-PT could be poled and still maintain normal bulk properties and polarization behavior. This research focused on crystals with compositions near the morphotrophic phase boundary (MPB). This study concluded that in commercially processed PIN-PMN-PT and PMN-PT crystal samples, the main contributing factor to domain impingement is the surface dead layer, not the part geometry. As the surface finish is improved, the lattice damage caused by machining stress is reduced, therefore reducing the depth of the surface dead layer into the sample and reducing the overall volume percent of the sample that cannot be poled. As surface machining techniques are refined, creating a smoother surface, geometry induced domain impingement starts to play a larger role in ferroelectric behavior.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ceramics
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 812
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Author: Jingping Gao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ferroelectricity
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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