A Study of the Breeding Behavior of the Black Tern, Chlidonias Niger Surinamensis (Gmelin) PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download A Study of the Breeding Behavior of the Black Tern, Chlidonias Niger Surinamensis (Gmelin) PDF full book. Access full book title A Study of the Breeding Behavior of the Black Tern, Chlidonias Niger Surinamensis (Gmelin) by Robert Earle Goodwin. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Robert Earle Goodwin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Terns
Languages : en
Pages : 178
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Robert Earle Goodwin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Terns
Languages : en
Pages : 178
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Robert Earle Goodwin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Black tern
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: W. David Shuford
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Birds
Languages : en
Pages : 146
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Janet R. Carroll
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Black tern
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Jeanne Marie Hickey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 364
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Patricia P. Rabenold
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Birds
Languages : en
Pages : 24
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animals
Languages : en
Pages : 826
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Patricia P. Rabenold
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Birds
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: David J. Adams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Black tern
Languages : en
Pages : 66
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Jessica Blackwood Miller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Black tern
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Get Book Here
Book Description
"Colonial breeding, nesting near conspecifics, is found in 13% of all bird species and is common among the family Laridae. Environmental constraints and factors related to social groups influence the evolution of coloniality. Black terns (Chlidonias niger) are considered semi-colonial nesters because they nest in loose colonies that vary greatly in size and density. Given this variation in their nesting patterns, the species is ideal for studies of the effects of colonial breeding. In the summer of 2002 I monitored 112 nests at Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge and collected data about egg success, spatial arrangement of nests, habitat characteristics, timing of clutch initiation, and attacking behavior. In 2003 I collected data about the habitat characteristics and spatial arrangement of 37 nests. Habitat characteristics, spatial arrangement of nests, and timing of clutch initiation did not have a significant effect on egg success. Nests that were initiated later in the season had significantly less horizontal cover surrounding the nests than the earlier nests. The habitat characteristics of the wetland were different between the two years; in 2002 there was more matted vegetation but similar cover:water ratio around the nests compared to the same sites in 2003, and in 2003 the habitat surrounding the nests had less matted vegetation and a smaller cover:water ratio than the 2002 nests. Colony success did not significantly increase with synchronization of the colony and nests that were closer together were not more synchronous than those that were further apart. The number of terns that attacked me at the nests increased when the nests were closer together. The lack of nesting substrate in the wetland in 2003 may have been responsible for smaller colony sizes and more closely spaced nests in 2003. Habitat availibility probably plays a role in the semi-coloniality of the species"--Document.
