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Author: Miguel Figueiredo Vaz Pato
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
A large portion of the present Universe is composed of a non-luminous kind of matter, which is intrinsically distinct from ail mass constituents known to exist. The evidence for this so-called Dark Matter spans sub-galactic to cosmological scales, and strongly suggests that it contributes around 80-85% of the matter content in our Universe. Over the past years, numerous experimental results relevant for Dark Matter searches have been released, triggering a great deal of excitement in the field. Moreover, plenty of data are expected in the near future. This thesis aims at linking Dark Matter models and their experimental signatures in current and upcoming detectors. As far as indirect Dark Matter detection is concerned, special attention is paid to the recently reported electron/positron excess in cosmic rays, which can in principle be explained by Dark Matter annihilations in our Galaxy. In order to test this possibility we perform a multi-messenger analysis combining the constraints from different astrophysical channels such as antiprotons, gamma-rays and radio signals. The uncertainties entering the computation of Dark Matter signatures are very significant and ultimately limit our ability to extract the properties of Dark Matter in case of discovery. Therefore, to assess and forecast ail relevant uncertainties is crucial, and a large portion o this thesis is devoted to that topic. In particular, we study the prospects for pinpointing cosmic-ray propagation with AMS-02, the systematic uncertainties regarding the local Dark Matter density and the effect of astrophysical unknowns on direct detection experiments.
Author: Miguel Figueiredo Vaz Pato
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 185
Get Book Here
Book Description
A large portion of the present Universe is composed of a non-luminous kind of matter, which is intrinsically distinct from ail mass constituents known to exist. The evidence for this so-called Dark Matter spans sub-galactic to cosmological scales, and strongly suggests that it contributes around 80-85% of the matter content in our Universe. Over the past years, numerous experimental results relevant for Dark Matter searches have been released, triggering a great deal of excitement in the field. Moreover, plenty of data are expected in the near future. This thesis aims at linking Dark Matter models and their experimental signatures in current and upcoming detectors. As far as indirect Dark Matter detection is concerned, special attention is paid to the recently reported electron/positron excess in cosmic rays, which can in principle be explained by Dark Matter annihilations in our Galaxy. In order to test this possibility we perform a multi-messenger analysis combining the constraints from different astrophysical channels such as antiprotons, gamma-rays and radio signals. The uncertainties entering the computation of Dark Matter signatures are very significant and ultimately limit our ability to extract the properties of Dark Matter in case of discovery. Therefore, to assess and forecast ail relevant uncertainties is crucial, and a large portion o this thesis is devoted to that topic. In particular, we study the prospects for pinpointing cosmic-ray propagation with AMS-02, the systematic uncertainties regarding the local Dark Matter density and the effect of astrophysical unknowns on direct detection experiments.
Author: Johanna Gramling
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319950169
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 290
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Book Description
This book discusses searches for Dark Matter at the CERN’s LHC, the world’s most powerful accelerator. It introduces the relevant theoretical framework and includes an in-depth discussion of the Effective Field Theory approach to Dark Matter production and its validity, as well as an overview of the formalism of Simplified Dark Matter models. Despite overwhelming astrophysical evidence for Dark Matter and numerous experimental efforts to detect it, the nature of Dark Matter still remains a mystery and has become one of the hottest research topics in fundamental physics. Two searches for Dark Matter are presented, performed on data collected with the ATLAS experiment. They analyze missing-energy final states with a jet or with top quarks. The analyses are explained in detail, and the outcomes and their interpretations are discussed, also in view of the precedent analysis of theoretical approaches. Given its depth of coverage, the book represents an excellent reference guide for all physicists interested in understanding the theoretical and experimental considerations relevant to Dark Matter searches at the LHC.
Author: Martin Bauer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030162346
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
Dark matter is a frequently discussed topic in contemporary particle physics. Written strictly in the language of particle physics and quantum field theory, these course-based lecture notes focus on a set of standard calculations that students need in order to understand weakly interacting dark matter candidates. After introducing some general features of these dark matter agents and their main competitors, the Higgs portal scalar and supersymmetric neutralinos are introduced as our default models. In turn, this serves as a basis for exploring four experimental aspects: the dark matter relic density extracted from the cosmic microwave background; indirect detection including the Fermi galactic center excess; direct detection; and collider searches. Alternative approaches, like an effective theory of dark matter and simplified models, naturally follow from the discussions of these four experimental directions.
Author: Jelena Aleksić
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319231235
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 213
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Book Description
This thesis presents the results of indirect dark matter searches in the gamma-ray sky of the near Universe, as seen by the MAGIC Telescopes. The author has proposed and led the 160 hours long observations of the dwarf spheroidal galaxy Segue 1, which is the deepest survey of any such object by any Cherenkov telescope so far. Furthermore, she developed and completely characterized a new method, dubbed “Full Likelihood”, that optimizes the sensitivity of Cherenkov instruments for detection of gamma-ray signals of dark matter origin. Compared to the standard analysis techniques, this novel approach introduces a sensitivity improvement of a factor of two (i.e. it requires 4 times less observation time to achieve the same result). In addition, it allows a straightforward merger of results from different targets and/or detectors. By selecting the optimal observational target and combining its very deep exposure with the Full Likelihood analysis of the acquired data, the author has improved the existing MAGIC bounds to the dark matter properties by more than one order of magnitude. Furthermore, for particles more massive than a few hundred GeV, those are the strongest constraints from dwarf galaxies achieved by any gamma-ray instrument, both ground-based or space-borne alike.
Author: Enrico Morgante
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319676067
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 223
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Book Description
This thesis covers several theoretical aspects of WIMP (weakly interacting massive particles) dark matter searches, with a particular emphasis on colliders. It mainly focuses on the use of effective field theories as a tool for Large Hadron Collider (LHC) searches, discussing in detail the issue of their validity, and on simplified dark matter models, which are receiving a growing attention from the physics community. It highlights the theoretical consistency of simplified models, which is essential in order to correctly exploit their potential and for them to be a common reference when comparing results from different experiments. This thesis is of interest to researchers (both theorists and experimentalists) in the field of dark matter searches, and offers a comprehensive introduction to dark matter and to WIMP searches for students and non-experts.
Author: Tanushree Basak
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN: 1643271326
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 63
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Book Description
In the field of particle and astrophysics, one of the major unresolved problems is to understand the nature and properties of dark matter, which constitutes almost 80% of the matter content of the universe. This book gives a pedagogical introduction to the field of dark matter in general, and in particular to the model building perspective. Starting from the evidence and need for dark matter, it goes into the deeper understanding of how to accommodate a dark matter candidate in a particle physics model. This book focuses on teaching the basic tools for model building of dark matter, starting from the easiest to gradually the difficult one. Although there are plenty of dark matter models available in the literature, this book concentrates on the important ones. This book aims to motivate the reader to propose a new dark matter model complying with all observational constraints.
Author: Luca Amendola
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521516005
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 507
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Book Description
Introducing the theoretical ideas, observational methods and results in dark energy, this textbook is a thorough introduction to dark energy for graduate courses.
Author: Eugenio Del Nobile
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030952282
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
This book is a pedagogical guide on how to make computations in direct dark matter (DM) detection. The theory behind the calculation of direct detection cross sections and rates is presented, touching aspects related to elementary particle physics, hadronic physics, nuclear physics, and astrophysics. The book is structured in self-contained sections, covering several topics ranging from the scattering kinematics to the phenomenology of direct DM searches. It follows a model-independent approach, aiming at providing the readers with all that is needed to understand the theory and start their own analysis. Meant for graduate students and researchers with interests in particle physics and phenomenology, it is enriched with several worked examples from standard and non-standard particle DM models. Senior researchers working in different areas related to dark matter, like particle and nuclear physics, astrophysics, and cosmology, find in this book a useful and updated guide for reference.
Author: Derek F. Jackson Kimball
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030958523
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
A host of astrophysical measurements suggest that most of the matter in the Universe is an invisible, nonluminous substance that physicists call “dark matter.” Understanding the nature of dark matter is one of the greatest challenges of modern physics and is of paramount importance to our theories of cosmology and particle physics. This text explores one of the leading hypotheses to explain dark matter: that it consists of ultralight bosons forming an oscillating field that feebly interacts with light and matter. Many new experiments have emerged over the last decade to test this hypothesis, involving state-of-the-art microwave cavities, precision nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, dark matter “radios,” and synchronized global networks of atomic clocks, magnetometers, and interferometers. The editors have gathered leading experts from around the world to present the theories motivating these searches, evidence about dark matter from astrophysics, and the diverse experimental techniques employed in searches for ultralight bosonic dark matter. The text provides a comprehensive and accessible introduction to this blossoming field of research for advanced undergraduates, beginning graduate students, or anyone new to the field, with tutorials and solved problems in every chapter. The multifaceted nature of the research – combining ideas and methods from atomic, molecular, and optical physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, electrical engineering, particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology – makes this introductory approach attractive for beginning researchers as well as members of the broader scientific community. This is an open access book.
Author: Gianfranco Bertone
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139484982
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 763
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Book Description
Dark matter is among the most important open problems in modern physics. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, this book describes the theoretical and experimental aspects of the dark matter problem in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. Featuring contributions from 48 leading theorists and experimentalists, it presents many aspects, from astrophysical observations to particle physics candidates, and from the prospects for detection at colliders to direct and indirect searches. The book introduces observational evidence for dark matter along with a detailed discussion of the state-of-the-art of numerical simulations and alternative explanations in terms of modified gravity. It then moves on to the candidates arising from theories beyond the Standard Model of particle physics, and to the prospects for detection at accelerators. It concludes by looking at direct and indirect dark matter searches, and the prospects for detecting the particle nature of dark matter with astrophysical experiments.
