A Model to Analyse Iodine Chemistry in the Containment of LWRs Under Severe Accident Condition PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download A Model to Analyse Iodine Chemistry in the Containment of LWRs Under Severe Accident Condition PDF full book. Access full book title A Model to Analyse Iodine Chemistry in the Containment of LWRs Under Severe Accident Condition by S. Fernández. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: S. Fernández
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: S. Fernández
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Charles F. Weber
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fission products
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 17
Get Book Here
Book Description
Calculated data from seven severe accident sequences in light water reactor plants were used to assess the chemical forms of iodine in containment. In most of the calculations for the seven sequences, iodine entering containment from the reactor coolant system was almost entirely in the form of CsI with very small contributions of I or HI. The largest fraction of iodine in forms other than CsI was a total of 3.2% as I plus HI. Within the containment, the CsI will deposit onto walls and other surfaces, as well as in water pools, largely in the form of iodide (I−). The radiation-induced conversion of I− in water pools into I2 is strongly dependent on pH. In systems where the pH was controlled above 7, little additional elemental iodine would be produced in the containment atmosphere. When the pH falls below 7, it may be assumed that it is not being controlled and large fractions of iodine as I2 within the containment atmosphere may be produced. 17 refs., 5 tabs.
Author: Elisabeth Krausmann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 118
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: E. C. Beahm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Iodine
Languages : en
Pages : 62
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
The description of containment iodine behavior in reactor accident sequences requires an understanding of iodine volatility effects, deposition and revaporization/resuspension (from surfaces and aerosols), chemical changes between species, and mass transport. The experimental work in this program has largely centered on the interactions of iodine in or with water pools. The formation of volatile iodine, as I2 or organic iodides, is primarily dependent on radiation and solution pH. Lower pH results in increased formation of volatile iodine species; thus, for example, a pH of 3.05 resulted in a conversion of I− to I2 that was more than two orders of magnitude greater than tests run at pH 6.1 or 6.8. The formation or organic iodides involving water pools has been linked to the presence of iodine as I2, the solution/gas contact, and to the type of organic material.
Author: S. J. Wisbey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Iodides
Languages : en
Pages : 38
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 754
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Fariborz Taghipour
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
The impact of organic compounds on iodine behaviour was investigated under a range of post-accident chemical conditions expected in a reactor containment structure. A bench scale apparatus installed in the irradiation chamber of a Gammacell was used to provide continuous measurement of iodine volatilization rates from 10-6 to 10 -4 CsI solutions with pH values from 5 to 9. The rate of production of volatile iodine was evaluated in the presence of 10-3 M concentrations of various alkyl halides, carbonyls, and aromatics; the three classes of organic compounds most likely present in containment. Iodo-organics and molecular iodine in the gas and liquid phases of the irradiated samples were analyzed using gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and UV spectrophotometry. A model was developed that simulates the radiation chemistry of iodine in the presence of organic compounds and evaluated against the experimental results. The results indicated that organic compounds can be classified into groups, based on their distinct effects on iodine behaviour. Iodine volatilization increased significantly, up to two orders of magnitude, in the presence of carbonyls and alkyl chlorides, while it decreased in the presence of aromatics. Gas and liquid phase analysis indicated that chloro-iodo organics and alkyl iodides are the major types of volatile iodo-organics formed in the presence of alkyl chlorides and carbonyls, respectively, while no volatile iodo-organics are formed in the presence of aromatics. Molecular iodine measurements in the systems showed that I2 concentration increases in the presence of alkyl chlorides and decreases in the presence of carbonyls and aromatics. The kinetic-based model, containing a mechanistic description of iodine chemistry and generic semi-mechanistic reactions for various classes of organics, provided a reasonable prediction of the experimental results. The majority of the model and experimental results were in agreement within an order of magnitude. The results of this research will assist in predicting and reducing the radiological consequences of reactor accidents. In particular, the results indicate the advantage of maintaining basic pH and avoiding alkyl halide or ketone based solutions in post-accident reactor containment, in order to reduce radioactive iodine volatility, and hence, improve reactor safety.
