A Methodology for Evaluating the Implications of Climate Change on the Design and Performance of Flexible Pavements PDF Download
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Author: William C. Meagher (III.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Author: William C. Meagher (III.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
Author: Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3662447193
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 517
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Book Description
Climate change, energy production and consumption, and the need to improve the sustainability of all aspects of human activity are key inter-related issues for which solutions must be found and implemented quickly and efficiently. To be successfully implemented, solutions must recognize the rapidly changing socio-techno-political environment and multi-dimensional constraints presented by today’s interconnected world. As part of this global effort, considerations of climate change impacts, energy demands, and incorporation of sustainability concepts have increasing importance in the design, construction, and maintenance of highway and airport pavement systems. To prepare the human capacity to develop and implement these solutions, many educators, policy-makers and practitioners have stressed the paramount importance of formally incorporating sustainability concepts in the civil engineering curriculum to educate and train future civil engineers well-equipped to address our current and future sustainability challenges. This book will prove a valuable resource in the hands of researchers, educators and future engineering leaders, most of whom will be working in multidisciplinary environments to address a host of next-generation sustainable transportation infrastructure challenges. "This book proposes a broad detailed overview of the actual scientific knowledge about pavements linked to climate change, energy and sustainability at the international level in an original multidimensional/multi-effects way. By the end, the reader will be aware of the whole global issues to care about for various pavement technical features around the world, among which the implications of modelling including data collection, challenging resources saving and infrastructures services optimisation. This is a complete and varied work, rare in the domain." Dr. Agnes Jullien Research Director Director of Environmental, Development, Safety and Eco-Design Laboratory (EASE) Department of Development, Mobility and Environment Ifsttar Centre de Nantes Cedex- France “An excellent compilation of latest developments in the field of sustainable pavements. The chapter topics have been carefully chosen and are very well-organized with the intention of equipping the reader with the state-of-the-art knowledge on all aspects of pavement sustainability. Topics covered include pavement Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), pervious pavements, cool pavements, photocatalytic pavements, energy harvesting pavements, etc. which will all be of significant interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of pavement engineering. This book will no doubt serve as an excellent reference on the topic of sustainable pavements.” Dr. Wei-Hsing Huang Editor-in-Chief of International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology (IJPRT) and Professor of Civil Engineering National Central University Taiwan
Author: Jhuma Saha
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783847308676
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Book Description
Over the past decade, the design of both flexible and rigid pavements has been fundamentally evolving. This evolution includes the replacement of empirical design procedures, mainly based on different editions of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Design Guide with mechanistic-based procedures, such as the Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). This book includes my master thesis that I carried out at University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. This book attempts to explore the implementation of the Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) in Canada. The content of this book can be categorized into two parts. First, it explores the effects of climate on pavement performance using the MEPDG. Second, it compares the MEPDG with AASHTO - 1993 based Alberta Transportation Pavement Design (ATPD) method. This book presents three novel methods to evaluate the quality of the climatic data files used for the MEPDG. This book also demonstrates the sensitivity of climatic factors on pavement performance. A typical flexible pavement section and climatic data files of different Canadian weather stations were used in this study.
Author: By Qiang Li
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 123
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Book Description
Pavements are designed based on historic climatic patterns, reflecting local climate and incorporating assumptions about a reasonable range of temperatures and precipitation levels. Given anticipated climate changes and the inherent uncertainty associated with such changes, a pavement could be subjected to very different climatic conditions over the design life and might be inadequate to withstand future climate forces that impose stresses beyond environmental factors currently considered in the design process. This research explores the impacts of potential climate change and its uncertainty on pavement performance and therefore pavement design. Two tools are integrated to simulate pavement conditions over a variety of scenarios. The first tool, MAGICC/SCENGEN (Model for the Assessment of Greenhouse-gas Induced Climate Change: A regional Climate Scenario Generator), provides estimates of the magnitude of potential climate change and its uncertainty. The second tool, the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) software analyzes the deterioration of pavement performance. Three important questions are addressed: (1) How does pavement performance deteriorate differently with climate change and its uncertainty? (2) What is the risk if climate change and its uncertainty are not considered in pavement design? and (3) How do pavement designers respond and incorporate this change into pavement design process? This research develops a framework to incorporate climate change effects into the mechanistic-empirical based pavement design. Three test sites in the North Eastern United States are studied and the framework is applied. It demonstrates that the framework is a robust and effective way to integrate climate change into pavement design as an adaptation strategy.
Author: Donghui Lu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Flooding, which can cause substantial infrastructure damages resulting in adverse social, environmental, and economical consequences, is a rising concern in the changing climate. Road networks consisting of interconnected links designed to accommodate transportation needs of the public and can be affected by flood hazards. In road pavement design and management, historical climate design data are becoming less representative of the future climate resulting in unexpected risks. Road pavement damage caused by expected intensification of flood events under climate change can lead to safety, mobility, comfort, functionality, and accessibility concerns. In order to mitigate the risk of flooding on pavements, this research develops risk quantification methodology and implementation guidelines, which enable informed pavement management and adaptation leading to increased resilience of pavement networks in the changing climate. The risk assessment methodology includes project level risk assessment and network level risk assessment. The key components of project level risk assessment include flood hazard assessment, flooded pavement performance analysis, quantification of pavement fragility, and consequence analysis. The network level risk assessment is an extension of the project level risk assessment. It involves an eight-step approach including mapping the flood hazards, mapping the road exposure and characteristics, matching fragility models, calculating risk for a range of events, and summing up the risks. The risk estimation can be used to inform and initiate the adaptation planning and programming at the prioritized sections of pavement networks. Case studies have been conducted to illustrate the implementation of the risk assessment methodology. Based on the research findings, pavement flooding risk assessment and management implementation guidelines and procedures are developed. The outcome of the research helps the advancement of pavement design and management practices for addressing flood hazards. The results in the flood hazard analysis indicate that the probabilistic flood hazard analysis method provides a quantitative estimation of flood hazard for various climate change scenarios. Road pavement infrastructure can be subjected to more frequent and intense extreme precipitation events causing more pavement flooding in the case study area. The new extremes should be incorporated in pavement design and management practices. Regarding pavement damage, a comprehensive analysis summarizes the pavement damage processes, causes, components, damage patterns, impact factors, and temporal and spatial characteristics. Probabilistic pavement flooding damage analysis is illustrated by fragility models, which provide estimations of conditional probability of exceeding certain pavement damage given a flood event. Pavement mechanistic-empirical (ME) design method is utilized to simulate the impact of extreme precipitations on pavement performance of typical arterial and collector flexible pavements in Toronto, Canada. Fragility models and curves are generated based on the performance simulation results. In the case study, the pavement roughness degradation is accelerated post-flooding during the life cycle, which is assessed as the jump & delayed effect damage pattern. The extreme events can lead to the loss of pavement life up to 303 days, approximately more than 4% of a pavement's life. More flood cycles lead to shorter pavement life, which is caused by the accelerated deterioration after the flood cycles. The increase of precipitation levels under climate change increases the probability of pavement damage in each damage state for different designs. The incorporation of ME performance simulation and experimental testing allows obtaining the damage data from aged pavements for fragility analysis. The quantitative pavement flooding risk assessment at the project level integrates the findings of the flood hazard analysis, fragility, and vulnerability. Considering the climate from 2017 to 2100, the extreme precipitations from representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 climate scenario results in asset value losses as high as CAD$112,471 and CAD$46,487 per kilometer for arterial and collector pavements, respectively for moderate damage. The risk of major damage is not the highest when compared to the risks of minor and moderate damage, which is because the major damage has a lower occurrence resulting in lower asset value losses in the case study. The network spatial risks are analyzed and visualized through risk mapping. The results indicate the length of flooded pavements for each functional class increases as the magnitude of flooding increases. As the damage state threshold value increases, the percentage of road sections with high risk decreases and that with low risk increases. The risk of climate-change-induced flooding is sensitive to the range of flood events included in the risk assessment. When include the climate change scenario in a full range of flood hazard, the percentage of road network with low risk is increased from 12.1% to 45.7%, and the percentage of high-risk sections is increased from 46.0% to 79.9% for pavement damage over 1.5%. Adaptation strategies that have been established are reducing hazard exposure, reducing fragility of pavement structures, and reducing the cost of certain damage. The implementation guidelines are introduced according to the time horizon: pre-event, during-event, and post-event. Pre-event, probabilistic risk assessment and risk matrix approach are both included in the risk assessment guide. The general principles, key activities, and procedures introduced in the guide enable researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders to apply the research findings.
Author: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
Publisher: AASHTO
ISBN: 1560510552
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 622
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Book Description
Design related project level pavement management - Economic evaluation of alternative pavement design strategies - Reliability / - Pavement design procedures for new construction or reconstruction : Design requirements - Highway pavement structural design - Low-volume road design / - Pavement design procedures for rehabilitation of existing pavements : Rehabilitation concepts - Guides for field data collection - Rehabilitation methods other than overlay - Rehabilitation methods with overlays / - Mechanistic-empirical design procedures.
Author: Md Shahjalal Chowdhury
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Climatic changes
Languages : en
Pages : 77
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Book Description
"Climate change is one of the most concerning global issues and has the potential to influence every aspect of human life. Like different components of society, it can impose significant adverse impacts on pavement infrastructure. Although several research efforts have focused on studying the effects of climate change on natural and built systems, its impact on pavement performance has not been studied as extensively. The primary objectives of this thesis research was to quantify the effect of temperature changes on flexible pavement response and performance prediction using the AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design (PMED), and quantify the effects of Local Calibration Factors (LCFs) used by different state highway agencies in the United States on predicted pavement performance. Particular emphasis was given to LCF values used by the Idaho Transportation Department. The climatic data, as well as LCFs corresponding to several different states, were used to identify how different LCF values affect pavement performance prediction. The effects of atmospheric temperature changes on pavement temperature and Asphalt Concrete (AC) layer modulus were studied by analyzing the intermediate files generated by PMED. Finally, the impact of temperature change on AC dynamic modulus (E*) was also analyzed to link the PMED-predicted distresses with asphalt mix properties. Historical climatic data was obtained from the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) database. Projected data considered to simulate the temperature changes in the future were generated by adopting two different approaches: (1) Manual alteration of historical temperature distribution data to represent scenarios with increased mean and standard deviation values; and (2) Use of temperature data projected by established Global Climate Models (GCM). All different climatic scenarios were used in PMED along with a standard pavement section, and the distresses predicted over the design life of the pavement were compared. Simulation results showed consistent increase in Total Pavement rutting and AC rutting with increasing air temperatures. The effect of temperature increase on AC thermal cracking predicted by PMED demonstrated inconsistent trends. In contrast, the projected temperature increase had no significant effect on bottom-up fatigue cracking for the chosen study locations. It was found that the impact of changed air temperatures can be different for pavement sections constructed in different geographic locations. Moreover, the analysis confirmed that the Local Calibration Factors (LCFs) established by different state highway agencies played a major role in governing the effect of future temperature increase on predicted pavement performance. Through an extensive stud."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.
Author: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
Publisher: AASHTO
ISBN: 156051423X
Category : Pavements
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Author: Karim Chatti
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 0309258219
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Author: Yaning Qiao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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