A Mathematical Model for Attitude Formation By Pair Interactions PDF Download
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Author: Dirk Helbing
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Two complementary mathematical models for attitude formation are considered: Starting from the model of Weidlich and Haag (1983), which assumes indirect interactions that are mediated by a mean field, a new model is proposed, which is characterized by direct pair interactions. Three types of pair interactions leading to attitude changes can be found: First, changes by some kind of avoidance behavior. Second, changes by a readiness for compromises. Third, changes by persuasion. Different types of behavior are distinguished by introducing several subpopulations. Representative solutions of the model are illustrated by computational results.
Author: Dirk Helbing
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Two complementary mathematical models for attitude formation are considered: Starting from the model of Weidlich and Haag (1983), which assumes indirect interactions that are mediated by a mean field, a new model is proposed, which is characterized by direct pair interactions. Three types of pair interactions leading to attitude changes can be found: First, changes by some kind of avoidance behavior. Second, changes by a readiness for compromises. Third, changes by persuasion. Different types of behavior are distinguished by introducing several subpopulations. Representative solutions of the model are illustrated by computational results.
Author: D. Helbing
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401585164
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Quantitative Sociodynamics presents a general strategy for interdisciplinary model building and its application to a quantitative description of behavioural changes based on social interaction processes. Originally, the crucial methods for the modeling of complex systems (stochastic methods and nonlinear dynamics) were developed in physics but they have very often proved their explanatory power in chemistry, biology, economics and the social sciences. Quantitative Sociodynamics provides a unified and comprehensive overview of the different stochastic methods, their interrelations and properties. In addition, it introduces the most important concepts from nonlinear dynamics (synergetics, chaos theory). The applicability of these fascinating concepts to social phenomena is carefully discussed. By incorporating decision-theoretical approaches a very fundamental dynamic model is obtained which seems to open new perspectives in the social sciences. It includes many established models as special cases, e.g. the logistic equation, the gravity model, some diffusion models, the evolutionary game theory and the social field theory, but it also implies numerous new results. Examples concerning opinion formation, migration, social field theory; the self-organization of behavioural conventions as well as the behaviour of customers and voters are presented and illustrated by computer simulations. Quantitative Sociodynamics is relevant both for social scientists and natural scientists who are interested in the application of stochastic and synergetics concepts to interdisciplinary topics.
Author: R. Hegselmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401586861
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
Model building in the social sciences can increasingly rely on well elaborated formal theories. At the same time inexpensive large computational capacities are now available. Both make computer-based model building and simulation possible in social science, whose central aim is in particular an understanding of social dynamics. Such social dynamics refer to public opinion formation, partner choice, strategy decisions in social dilemma situations and much more. In the context of such modelling approaches, novel problems in philosophy of science arise which must be analysed - the main aim of this book. Interest in social simulation has recently been growing rapidly world- wide, mainly as a result of the increasing availability of powerful personal computers. The field has also been greatly influenced by developments in cellular automata theory (from mathematics) and in distributed artificial intelligence which provided tools readily applicable to social simulation. This book presents a number of modelling and simulation approaches and their relations to problems in philosophy of science. It addresses sociologists and other social scientists interested in formal modelling, mathematical sociology, and computer simulation as well as computer scientists interested in social science applications, and philosophers of social science.
Author: Dirk Helbing
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A mathematical model for behavioral changes by pair interactions (i.e. due to direct contact) of individuals is developed. Three kinds of pair interactions can be distinguished: Imitative processes, avoidance processes, and compromising processes. Representative solutions of the model for two different interacting subpopulations are illustrated by computational results.The equations of game theory are shown to result for a special case of imitative processes. Moreover, a stochastic version of game theory is formulated. It allows the derivation of equations for the most probable or the expected distribution of behavioral strategies and of (co)variance equations. The knowledge of the (co)variances is necessary for the calculation of the reliability of game theoretical descriptions.The use and application of the introduced equations is illustrated by concrete examples. Especially, computational results for the self-organization of social conventions by competition of two equivalent strategies are presented.
Author: Michael Schreckenberg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662078090
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
How do people behave in different traffic situations? Are there general laws for mathematical modelling of decision dynamics? The answers, given at the first international workshop on "Human Behaviour in Traffic Networks", are presented in this volume. In 13 articles, well-known experts report about their current work on experiments and modelling in this area. The topics range from psychological behaviour in traffic situations, traffic simulations of various aspects and market analysis to experiments with human participants used in experimental economics. The articles filled with many illustrations are aimed at interested students as well as experts in this field.
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004457410
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
Author: Günter Haag
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642488080
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
The articles collected in this volume have two features in common: they wantto integrate economics, demography and geography, and they want to overcome the stationary approach in modelling in favour of a dynamic one. The book is subdivided into three parts, where Part I is focussing on economic evolution, Part II on geographical development and Part III is related to demographic change. The present volume aims at providing a new look at this triangle in view of the classical background of discussions by introducing new research ideas focussing in nonlinear dynamics and stochastic modelling. Thus the main purpose of this book is to make a contribution to the interdisciplinary work needed to integrate the effortsbetween these three research fields and to serve as a research source in demonstrating the current state of art in dynamic modelling. The book isaddressed to social scientists in general, and those in particular with a background in economics, geographics and demographics. It should also be of interest to mathematicians, physicists, and systems analysts interested in model building and applications of nonlinear dynamics.
Author: John Edward Hunter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
This volume presents a detailed and comprehensive treatment of mathematical models of attitude change, in which verbal theory is translated into families of mathematical attitude change models. The models so presented address three areas: 1) existing verbal attitude change theories which are translated into families of mathematical models; 2) attitude change theories that have been previously quantified are critiqued, and alternative mathematical models are given; 3) new theory and corresponding mathematical models are offered. Models of source change--change in the attitude toward the source of information are also addressed. For nearly every attitude change model discussed, corresponding models for change in attitude toward the source of information are also given. This volume explicitly considers two types of attitude change: attitude toward the object of the message (attitude change) and attitude toward the source of the message (source change). In keeping with the development and use of these models, examples are drawn from multiple disciplines and embrace a variety of approaches to the general study of communication, cognition, and change.
Author: Ulrich Weidmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business
ISBN: 3319024477
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 1380
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Book Description
The 6th International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED2012) showcased research on human locomotion. This book presents the proceedings of PED2012. Humans have walked for eons; our drive to settle the globe began with a walk out of Africa. However, much remains to discover. As the world moves toward sustainability while racing to assess and accommodate climate change, research must provide insight on the physical requirements of walking, the dynamics of pedestrians on the move and more. We must understand, predict and simulate pedestrian behaviour, to avoid dangerous situations, to plan for emergencies, and not least, to make walking more attractive and enjoyable. PED2012 offered 70 presentations and keynote talks as well as 70 poster presentations covering new and improved mathematical models, describing new insights on pedestrian behaviour in normal and emergency cases and presenting research based on sensors and advanced observation methods. These papers offer a starting point for innovative new research, building a strong foundation for the next conference and for future research.
Author: Reinhard Bürger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biology
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Summary: "This volume contains papers presented at the workshop 'Stochastic Models in Biological Sciences' held at the Stefan Banach International Mathematical Center in Warsaw, 29 May-2 June 2006."--Preface (p. 5).
