A Laboratory Investigation of Vapor-grown Ice Crystals at Low Atmospheric Temperatures PDF Download
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Author: Nathan B. Magee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Nathan B. Magee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Kuo-Nan Liou
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521889162
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 461
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Book Description
This volume outlines the fundamentals and applications of light scattering, absorption and polarization processes involving ice crystals.
Author: Gwenore Pokrifka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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The vapor growth of ice crystals has long been misrepresented in cloud and climate models. Ice crystals growing from water vapor are limited by both the diffusion of vapor to the particle and the kinetics of surface attachment, the latter of which model parameterizations typically ignore. Model parameterizations incompleteness is in part due to an incomplete understanding of surface attachment kinetics, which are often represented by a growth efficiency known as the deposition coefficient. This work seeks to improve understanding of the deposition coefficient by studying mass growth from vapor of ten ice particles formed from frozen pure water in a levitation diffusion chamber at temperatures between -43.4 and -40.2 C. The data are analyzed using a diffusion-kinetics model to predict the particles deposition coefficients, and it is found that the model cannot replicate some of the growth rates in the data timeseries. Thus, two new analysis methods are developed to eliminate the deposition coefficients dependence on the ice supersaturation, which is uncertain. Estimates of the deposition coefficients using the new analysis methods for five ice particles are in the range of 0.018 0.066, 0.008 0.02, 0.001, 0.048 0.5, and 0.006 0.014. These particles can be modeled by a classical, faceted growth method. The remaining ice particles demonstrate growth features linked to ice crystal surface transitions. These particles growth timeseries cannot be modeled with a classical growth method, instead requiring variable growth mechanisms in time. Surface transitions cause the deposition coefficient to change rapidly, and they may be responsible for discrepancies in past deposition coefficient measurements.
Author: J. Hallett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ice crystals
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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The temperature dependence of the habit of ice crystals growing in a water vapor diffusion chamber is related to the growth rate of ice crystals in a supercooled cloud. The rates of growth occurring between -4 and -6C as needles or between -12 and -16C as dendrites may be in excess of those at intermediate temperatures by as much as a factor of 100. The effect of seeding a supercooled cloud will therefore depend critically on its temperature. Growth of crystals at large supersaturation between -4 and -6C takes places as spikes growing along a direction 25(degrees) to the c axis. These crystals have been observed in the diffusion chamber, and also as frost near hot springs in Yellowstone Park. The molecular processes responsible for these habit changes are discussed.
Author: Constantin Andronache
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 012810550X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
Mixed-Phase Clouds: Observations and Modeling presents advanced research topics on mixed-phase clouds. As the societal impacts of extreme weather and its forecasting grow, there is a continuous need to refine atmospheric observations, techniques and numerical models. Understanding the role of clouds in the atmosphere is increasingly vital for current applications, such as prediction and prevention of aircraft icing, weather modification, and the assessment of the effects of cloud phase partition in climate models. This book provides the essential information needed to address these problems with a focus on current observations, simulations and applications. Provides in-depth knowledge and simulation of mixed-phase clouds over many regions of Earth, explaining their role in weather and climate Features current research examples and case studies, including those on advanced research methods from authors with experience in both academia and the industry Discusses the latest advances in this subject area, providing the reader with access to best practices for remote sensing and numerical modeling
Author: Samuel C. Colbeck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Frazil ice
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Author: Samuel C. Colbeck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Frazil ice
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Author: UkichirÅ Nakaya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Snowflakes
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: Victor F. Petrenko
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191581348
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
Ice is one of the most abundant and environmentally important materials on Earth, and its unique and intriguing physical properties present fascinating areas of study for a wide variety of researchers. This book is about the physics of ice, by which is meant the properties of the material itself and the ways in which these properties are interpreted in terms of water molecules and crystalline structure. Although ice has a simple crystal structure its hydrogen bonding results in unique properties, which continue to be the subject of active research. In this book the physical principles underlying the properties of ice are carefully developed at a level aimed at pure and applied researchers in the field. Important topics like current understandings of the electrical, mechanical, and surface properties, and the occurrence of many different crystalline phases are developed in a coherent way for the first time. An extensive reference list and numerous illustrations add to the usefulness and readability of the text.
Author: John Clark Johnson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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