A Critical Reexamination of the Fundamentals of Classical Nucleation Theory PDF Download
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Author: Lin Zhuo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Author: Lin Zhuo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Author: Hanna Vehkamäki
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540312188
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
Nucleation is the initial step of every first-order phase transition, and most phase transitions encountered both in everyday life and industrial processes are of the first-order. Using an elegant classical theory based on thermodynamics and kinetics, this book provides a fully detailed picture of multi-component nucleation. As many of the issues concerning multi-component nucleation theory have been solved during the last 10-15 years, it also thoroughly integrates both fundamental theory with recent advances presented in the literature. Classical Nucleation Theory in Multicomponent Systems serves as a textbook for advanced thermodynamics courses, as well as an important reference for researchers in the field. The main topics covered are: the basic relevant thermodynamics and statistical physics; modelling a molecular cluster as a spherical liquid droplet; predicting the size and composition of the nucleating critical clusters; kinetic models for cluster growth and decay; calculating nucleation rates; and a full derivation and application of nucleation theorems that can be used to extract microscopic cluster properties from nucleation rate measurements. The assumptions and approximations needed to build the classical theory are described in detail, and the reasons why the theory fails in certain cases are explained. Relevant problems are presented at the end of each chapter.
Author: Farid F. Abraham
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric thermodynamics
Languages : en
Pages : 25
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 860
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Book Description
Author: Eli Ruckenstein
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498762840
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 495
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Book Description
Explore a Kinetic Approach to the Description of Nucleation - An Alternative to the Classical Nucleation TheoryKinetic Theory of Nucleation presents an alternative to the classical theory of nucleation in gases and liquids-the kinetic nucleation theory of Ruckenstein-Narsimhan-Nowakowski (RNNT). RNNT uses the kinetic theory of fluids to calculate t
Author: V.I. Kalikmanov
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9048136431
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
One of the most striking phenomena in condensed matter physics is the occurrence of abrupt transitions in the structure of a substance at certain temperatures or pressures. These are first order phase transitions, and examples such as the freezing of water are familiar in everyday life. The conditions at which the transformation takes place can sometimes vary. For example, the freezing point of water is not always 0°C, but the liquid can be supercooled considerably if it is pure enough and treated carefully. The reason for this phenomenon is nucleation. This monograph covers all major available routes of theoretical research of nucleation phenomena (phenomenological models, semi-phenomenological theories, density functional theories, microscopic and semi-microscopic approaches), with emphasis on the formation of liquid droplets from a metastable vapor. Also, it illustrates the application of these various approaches to experimentally relevant problems. In spite of the familiarity of the involved phenomena, it is still impossible to calculate nucleation accurately, as the properties and the kinetics of the daughter phase are insufficiently well known. Existing theories based upon classical nucleation theory have on the whole explained the trends in behavior correctly. However they often fail spectacularly to account for new data, in particular in the case of binary or, more generally, multi-component nucleation. The current challenge of this book is to go beyond such classical models and provide a more satisfactory theory by using density functional theory and microscopic computer simulations in order to describe the properties of small clusters. Also, semi-phenomenological models are proposed, which attempt to relate the properties of small clusters to known properties of the bulk phases. This monograph is an introduction as well as a compendium to researchers in soft condensed matter physics and chemical physics, graduate and post-graduate students in physics and chemistry starting on research in the area of nucleation, and to experimentalists wishing to gain a better understanding of the efforts being made to account for their data.
Author: Welby G. Courtney
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 1
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Book Description
This paper presents a critical re-examination of several nucleation theories (excluding the surface-energy problem) and concludes that Kuhrt's thermodynamic theory for cluster formation in monoatomic vapor, which follows the classical liquid-drop model but conserves degrees of freedom, is procedurally correct. The Kuhrt approach is extended to polyatomic vapors. Assuming that non-atomic vibration modes are equally probable in the condensed phase, the resulting correction factors to the classical rate of nucleation are about 10 to the 4th power, 10 to the 7th power, and 10 to the 9th power particles/cc sec for a monoatomic, linear, and non-linear condensing molecule. The nucleation of water vapor is examined in detail, and the theoretical rate of condensation is computed for adiabatic constantvolume conditions. The 10 to the 9th power increase in nucleation kinetics leads to a 10 to the 2nd power decrease in the time required for 50% of condensation. It is concluded that published experimental data are insufficient to compare to the present theory. (Author).
Author: R. Edward Barker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 62
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Book Description
Author: Douglas Henderson
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824787110
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 624
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Book Description
A monograph examining recent progress in the field of inhomogeneous fluids, focusing on the theoretical - as well as experimental - techniques used. It presents the comprehensive theory of first-order phase transitions, including melting, and contains numerous figures, tables and display equations.;The contributors treat such subjects as: exact sum rules for inhomogenous fluids, explaining density functional and integral equation methods; exact solutions for two-dimensional homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasmas; current advances in the theory of interfacial electrochemistry; wetting experiments and the theory of wetting; freezing, with an emphasis on quantum systems and homogeneous nucleation in liquid-vapour and solid-liquid transitions; self-organizing liquids as well as kinetic phenomena in inhomogeneous fluids, using a modified Enskog theory.;Featuring over 1000 bibliographic citations, this volume is aimed at physical, surface, colloid and surfactant chemists; also physicists, electrochemists and graduate-level students in these disciplines.
Author: E. Kiran
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401582955
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 775
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Book Description
Supercritical fluids which are neither gas nor liquid, but can be compressed gradually from low to high density, are gaining increasing importance as tunable solvents and reaction media in the chemical process industry. By adjusting the pressure, or more strictly the density, the properties of these fluids are customized and manipulated for the particular process at hand, be it a physical transformation, such as separation or solvation, or a chemical transformation, such as a reaction or reactive extraction. Supercritical fluids, however, differ from both gases and liquids in many respects. In order to properly understand and describe their properties, it is necessary to know the implications of their nearness to criticality, to be aware of the complex types of phase separation (including solid phases) that occur when the components of the fluid mixture are very different from each other, and to develop theories that can cope with the large differences in molecular size and shape of the supercritical solvent and the solutes that are present.
