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Author: Sebastian Veit
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3956361202
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 111
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Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Unlike industrialized countries, the recent rise in oil prices has had a severe negative impact on the economies of oil importing developing countries. Conventional strategies and models to reduce oil dependence, which have been implemented in the powerful northern economies, are often not feasible for developing countries due to high technological costs or unsuitability. Furthermore, oil reserves will deplete and consequently world market prices will climb, rather than decline over the next decade. Therefore, I propose that cross-sector strategies have to consider socio-economic circumstances of developing countries. The strategies I suggest do not rely on conventional methods such as coal, gas, nuclear or renewable energy. My research further identifies variables on which national policies can be implemented in order to contribute to a reduction of global oil consumption. To this end, I have followed a quantitative and qualitative approach: Preliminary quantitative analysis: This demonstrates that some developing country economies are more vulnerable to oil price shocks than others. This can be measured by the ratio of the value of net oil imports to GDP. Qualitative analysis of cross-sectoral strategy: This polarizes methods applicable to industrialized countries on one hand, and solutions that work in the socio-economic circumstances of developing countries on the other. Potentials to contribute to a reduction in the oil consumption are identified in the education, agriculture, urban planning and transportation sector. In the transportation sector, data for engine idling was considered scientifically for the first time. The framework of policy analysis is used in the study to develop a general strategy to enter into a policy dialogue at the national level. Various examples are also used to this end. Baken s ESMAP study (2005) had concluded that in the near future there is little prospect for African countries to reduce their import dependence on oil. My research further finds that gains in fuel savings can be 10 15 % from eco-driving campaigns, 2 5 % from tire inflation policy, 2 5 % from idling campaigns. Further reduction can be brought about by changes in the mode of transport (autos instead of cars) as well as increased urban walkability . Education for private housing efficiency and boosting agricultural production in biomass and bio fuels are some other steps. The research also reveals substantial [...]
Author: Sebastian Veit
Publisher: diplom.de
ISBN: 3956361202
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Get Book Here
Book Description
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: Unlike industrialized countries, the recent rise in oil prices has had a severe negative impact on the economies of oil importing developing countries. Conventional strategies and models to reduce oil dependence, which have been implemented in the powerful northern economies, are often not feasible for developing countries due to high technological costs or unsuitability. Furthermore, oil reserves will deplete and consequently world market prices will climb, rather than decline over the next decade. Therefore, I propose that cross-sector strategies have to consider socio-economic circumstances of developing countries. The strategies I suggest do not rely on conventional methods such as coal, gas, nuclear or renewable energy. My research further identifies variables on which national policies can be implemented in order to contribute to a reduction of global oil consumption. To this end, I have followed a quantitative and qualitative approach: Preliminary quantitative analysis: This demonstrates that some developing country economies are more vulnerable to oil price shocks than others. This can be measured by the ratio of the value of net oil imports to GDP. Qualitative analysis of cross-sectoral strategy: This polarizes methods applicable to industrialized countries on one hand, and solutions that work in the socio-economic circumstances of developing countries on the other. Potentials to contribute to a reduction in the oil consumption are identified in the education, agriculture, urban planning and transportation sector. In the transportation sector, data for engine idling was considered scientifically for the first time. The framework of policy analysis is used in the study to develop a general strategy to enter into a policy dialogue at the national level. Various examples are also used to this end. Baken s ESMAP study (2005) had concluded that in the near future there is little prospect for African countries to reduce their import dependence on oil. My research further finds that gains in fuel savings can be 10 15 % from eco-driving campaigns, 2 5 % from tire inflation policy, 2 5 % from idling campaigns. Further reduction can be brought about by changes in the mode of transport (autos instead of cars) as well as increased urban walkability . Education for private housing efficiency and boosting agricultural production in biomass and bio fuels are some other steps. The research also reveals substantial [...]
Author: Richard Gilbert
Publisher: Earthscan
ISBN: 1849773459
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Transport Revolutions: Moving People and Freight without Oil sets out the challenges to our growing dependence on transport fuelled by low-priced oil. These challenges include an early peak in world oil production and profound climate change resulting in part from oil use. It proposes responses to ensure effective, secure movement of people and goods in ways that make the best use of renewable sources of energy while minimizing environmental impacts.Transport Revolutions synthesizes engineering, economics, environment, organization, policy and technology, and draws extensively on current data to present important conclusions. The authors argue that land transport in the first half of the 21st century will feature at least two revolutions. One will involve the use of electric drives rather than internal combustion engines. Another will involve powering many of these drives directly from the electric grid - as trains and trolley buses are powered today - rather than from on-board fuel. They go on to discuss marine transport, whose future is less clear, and aviation, which could see the most dramatic breaks from current practice.With its expert analysis of the politics and business of transport, Transport Revolutions is essential reading for professionals and students in transport, energy, town planning and public policy.
Author: Terry Dinan
Publisher: Nova Biomedical Books
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Several Members of Congress and public interest groups have recently proposed policies that would reduce gasoline consumption in the United States. Such proposals stem primarily from a desire to enhance the nation's energy security and to decrease its emissions of carbon dioxide, a key greenhouse gas that affects the Earth's climate. This book compares three methods of reducing gasoline consumption: increasing the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards that govern passenger vehicles, raising the federal tax on gasoline, and setting a limit on carbon emissions from gasoline combustion and requiring gasoline producers to hold allowances for those emissions (a policy known as a cap-and-trade program). Also, the book weighs the relative merits of those policies against several major criteria: whether they would minimise costs to producers and consumers; how reliably they would achieve a given reduction in gasoline use; their implications for automobile safety; and their effects on such factors as traffic congestion, requirements for highway construction, and emissions of air pollutants other than carbon dioxide. In addition, the book examines two more policy implications that lawmakers may be concerned about: the impact on people at different income levels and in different regions, and the effects on federal revenue.
Author: United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Legislative hearings
Languages : en
Pages : 1704
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Book Description
Author: W. Addy Majewski
Publisher: SAE International
ISBN: 1468605704
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1135
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Book Description
Engineers, applied scientists, students, and individuals working to reduceemissions and advance diesel engine technology will find the secondedition of Diesel Emissions and Their Control to be an indispensablereference. Whether readers are at the outset of their learning journey orseeking to deepen their expertise, this comprehensive reference bookcaters to a wide audience.In this substantial update to the 2006 classic, the authors have expandedthe coverage of the latest emission technologies. With the industryevolving rapidly, the book ensures that readers are well-informed aboutthe most recent advances in commercial diesel engines, providing acompetitive edge in their respective fields. The second edition has alsostreamlined the content to focus on the most promising technologies.This book is rooted in the wealth of information available on DieselNet.com, where the “Technology Guide” papers offer in-depth insights. Eachchapter includes links to relevant online materials, granting readers accessto even more expertise and knowledge.The second edition is organized into six parts, providing a structuredjourney through every aspect of diesel engines and emissions control: Part I: A foundational exploration of the diesel engine, combustion, andessential subsystems. Part II: An in-depth look at emission characterization, health andenvironmental impacts, testing methods, and global regulations. Part III: A comprehensive overview of diesel fuels, covering petroleumdiesel, alternative fuels, and engine lubricants. Part IV: An exploration of engine efficiency and emission controltechnologies, from exhaust gas recirculation to engine control. Part V: The latest developments in diesel exhaust aftertreatment,encompassing catalyst technologies and particulate filters. Part VI: A historical journey through the evolution of dieselengine technology, with a focus on heavy-duty engines in the NorthAmerican market. (ISBN 9781468605693, ISBN 9781468605709, ISBN 9781468605716, DOI: 10.4271/9781468605709)
Author: Don M. Pirro
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315362058
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 578
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Book Description
Careful selection of the right lubricant(s) is required to keep a machine running smoothly. Lubrication Fundamentals, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded describes the need and design for the many specialized oils and greases used to lubricate machine elements and builds on the tribology and lubrication basics discussed in previous editions. Utilizing knowledge from leading experts in the field, the third edition covers new lubrication requirements, crude oil composition and selection, base stock manufacture, lubricant formulation and evaluation, machinery and lubrication fundamentals, and environmental stewardship. The book combines lubrication theory with practical knowledge, and provides many useful illustrations to highlight key industrial, commercial, marine, aviation, and automotive lubricant applications and concepts. All previous edition chapters have been updated to include new technologies, applications, and specifications that have been introduced in the past 15 years. What’s New in the Third Edition: Adds three new chapters on the growing renewable energy application of wind turbines, the impact of lubricants on energy efficiency, and best practice guidelines on establishing an in-service lubricant analysis program Updates API, SAE, and ACEA engine oil specifications, descriptions of new engine oil tests, impact of engine and fuel technology trends on engine oil Includes the latest environmental lubricant tests, definitions, and labelling programs Compiles expert information from ExxonMobil publications and the foremost international equipment builders and industry associations Covers key influences impacting lubricant formulations and technology Offers data on global energy demand and interesting statistics such as the worldwide population of nuclear reactors, wind turbines, and output of hydraulic turbines Presents new sections on the history of synthetic lubricants and hazardous chemical labeling for lubricants Whether used as a training guide for industry novices, a textbook for students to understand lubrication principles, or a technical reference for experienced lubrication and tribology professionals, Lubrication Fundamentals, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded is a "must read" for maintenance professionals, lubricant formulators and marketers, chemists, and lubrication, surface, chemical, mechanical, and automotive engineers.
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Department of the Interior and Related Agencies
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : United States
Languages : en
Pages : 1062
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Author: Richard Gilbert
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136550909
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
Transport Revolutions: Moving People and Freight without Oil sets out the challenges to our growing dependence on transport fuelled by low-priced oil. These challenges include an early peak in world oil production and profound climate change resulting in part from oil use. It proposes responses to ensure effective, secure movement of people and goods in ways that make the best use of renewable sources of energy while minimizing environmental impacts. Transport Revolutions synthesizes engineering, economics, environment, organization, policy and technology, and draws extensively on current data to present important conclusions. The authors argue that land transport in the first half of the 21st century will feature at least two revolutions. One will involve the use of electric drives rather than internal combustion engines. Another will involve powering many of these drives directly from the electric grid - as trains and trolley buses are powered today - rather than from on-board fuel. They go on to discuss marine transport, whose future is less clear, and aviation, which could see the most dramatic breaks from current practice. With its expert analysis of the politics and business of transport, Transport Revolutions is essential reading for professionals and students in transport, energy, town planning and public policy.
