Author: Whitney Balliett
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780312270087
Category : Music
Languages : en
Pages : 892
Book Description
Jazz critic for The New Yorker since 1957 and the author of some fifteen books, Whitney Balliett has spent a lifetime listening to and writing about jazz. "All first-rate criticism," he once wrote in a review, "first defines what we are confronting." He could as easily have been describing his own work. For nearly half a century, Balliett has been telling us, in his widely acclaimed pitch-perfect prose, what we are confronting when we listen to America's greatest—and perhaps only original—musical form. Collected Works: A Journal of Jazz 1954-2001 is a monumental achievement, capturing the full range and register of the jazz scene, from the very first Newport Jazz Festival to recent performances (in clubs and on CDs) by a rising generation of musicians. Here are definitive portraits of such major figures as Duke Ellington, Dizzy Gillespie, Django Reinhardt, Martha Raye, Buddy Rich, Charles Mingus, Louis Armstrong, Billie Holliday, Art Tatum, Bessie Smith, and Earl Hines—a list that barely scratches the surface. Generations of readers have learned to listen to the music with Balliett's graceful guidance. For five decades he has captured those moments during which jazz history is made. Though Balliett's knowledge is an encyclopedic treasure, he has always written as if he were listening for the first time. Since its beginnings in New Orleans at the turn of the century, jazz has been restlessly and relentlessly evolving. This is an art form based on improvising, experimenting, shapeshifting—a constant work in progress of sounds and tonal shades, from swing and Dixieland, through boogie-woogie, bebop, and hard bop, to the "new thing," free jazz, abstract jazz, and atonal jazz. Yet, in all its forms, the music is forever sustained by what Balliett calls a "secret emotional center," an "aural elixir" that "reveals itself when an improvised phrase or an entire solo or even a complete number catches you by surprise." Balliett's celebrated essays invariably capture the so-called "sound of surprise"—and then share this sound with general readers, music students, jazz lovers, and popular American culture buffs everywhere. As The Los Angeles Times Book Review has observed, "Few people can write as well about anything as Balliett writes about jazz."
Collected Works
Author: Whitney Balliett
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780312270087
Category : Music
Languages : en
Pages : 892
Book Description
Jazz critic for The New Yorker since 1957 and the author of some fifteen books, Whitney Balliett has spent a lifetime listening to and writing about jazz. "All first-rate criticism," he once wrote in a review, "first defines what we are confronting." He could as easily have been describing his own work. For nearly half a century, Balliett has been telling us, in his widely acclaimed pitch-perfect prose, what we are confronting when we listen to America's greatest—and perhaps only original—musical form. Collected Works: A Journal of Jazz 1954-2001 is a monumental achievement, capturing the full range and register of the jazz scene, from the very first Newport Jazz Festival to recent performances (in clubs and on CDs) by a rising generation of musicians. Here are definitive portraits of such major figures as Duke Ellington, Dizzy Gillespie, Django Reinhardt, Martha Raye, Buddy Rich, Charles Mingus, Louis Armstrong, Billie Holliday, Art Tatum, Bessie Smith, and Earl Hines—a list that barely scratches the surface. Generations of readers have learned to listen to the music with Balliett's graceful guidance. For five decades he has captured those moments during which jazz history is made. Though Balliett's knowledge is an encyclopedic treasure, he has always written as if he were listening for the first time. Since its beginnings in New Orleans at the turn of the century, jazz has been restlessly and relentlessly evolving. This is an art form based on improvising, experimenting, shapeshifting—a constant work in progress of sounds and tonal shades, from swing and Dixieland, through boogie-woogie, bebop, and hard bop, to the "new thing," free jazz, abstract jazz, and atonal jazz. Yet, in all its forms, the music is forever sustained by what Balliett calls a "secret emotional center," an "aural elixir" that "reveals itself when an improvised phrase or an entire solo or even a complete number catches you by surprise." Balliett's celebrated essays invariably capture the so-called "sound of surprise"—and then share this sound with general readers, music students, jazz lovers, and popular American culture buffs everywhere. As The Los Angeles Times Book Review has observed, "Few people can write as well about anything as Balliett writes about jazz."
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780312270087
Category : Music
Languages : en
Pages : 892
Book Description
Jazz critic for The New Yorker since 1957 and the author of some fifteen books, Whitney Balliett has spent a lifetime listening to and writing about jazz. "All first-rate criticism," he once wrote in a review, "first defines what we are confronting." He could as easily have been describing his own work. For nearly half a century, Balliett has been telling us, in his widely acclaimed pitch-perfect prose, what we are confronting when we listen to America's greatest—and perhaps only original—musical form. Collected Works: A Journal of Jazz 1954-2001 is a monumental achievement, capturing the full range and register of the jazz scene, from the very first Newport Jazz Festival to recent performances (in clubs and on CDs) by a rising generation of musicians. Here are definitive portraits of such major figures as Duke Ellington, Dizzy Gillespie, Django Reinhardt, Martha Raye, Buddy Rich, Charles Mingus, Louis Armstrong, Billie Holliday, Art Tatum, Bessie Smith, and Earl Hines—a list that barely scratches the surface. Generations of readers have learned to listen to the music with Balliett's graceful guidance. For five decades he has captured those moments during which jazz history is made. Though Balliett's knowledge is an encyclopedic treasure, he has always written as if he were listening for the first time. Since its beginnings in New Orleans at the turn of the century, jazz has been restlessly and relentlessly evolving. This is an art form based on improvising, experimenting, shapeshifting—a constant work in progress of sounds and tonal shades, from swing and Dixieland, through boogie-woogie, bebop, and hard bop, to the "new thing," free jazz, abstract jazz, and atonal jazz. Yet, in all its forms, the music is forever sustained by what Balliett calls a "secret emotional center," an "aural elixir" that "reveals itself when an improvised phrase or an entire solo or even a complete number catches you by surprise." Balliett's celebrated essays invariably capture the so-called "sound of surprise"—and then share this sound with general readers, music students, jazz lovers, and popular American culture buffs everywhere. As The Los Angeles Times Book Review has observed, "Few people can write as well about anything as Balliett writes about jazz."
Soul Works
Author: Linda Greyman
Publisher: Minds Journal Pvt Ltd
ISBN: 8195537200
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 266
Book Description
Soul Works is your wake up call, and your personal guide meant to illuminate your soul, tap into your intuition and improve your mental and emotional well-being. Developed by The Minds Journal, Soul Works is a collection of hand-picked articles written by mental health experts, life coaches and authors from around the world. It also features some of the best thoughts from The Minds Journal Community of awake and inspired individuals from all walks of life. In these pages you’ll discover: How to listen to what your soul is telling you How to find your purpose while navigating through life’s labyrinth How to overcome toxic relationships and build healthier ones How to heal yourself from abuse, trauma & emotional pain and find inner peace Soul Works is an inspiring and carefully created guide that emboldens you to develop a positive mindset, boost your self-esteem and find your true self. These highly valuable, informative, yet emotionally-rooted articles are meant to help you find your way towards a healthier relationship with yourself and others.
Publisher: Minds Journal Pvt Ltd
ISBN: 8195537200
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
Languages : en
Pages : 266
Book Description
Soul Works is your wake up call, and your personal guide meant to illuminate your soul, tap into your intuition and improve your mental and emotional well-being. Developed by The Minds Journal, Soul Works is a collection of hand-picked articles written by mental health experts, life coaches and authors from around the world. It also features some of the best thoughts from The Minds Journal Community of awake and inspired individuals from all walks of life. In these pages you’ll discover: How to listen to what your soul is telling you How to find your purpose while navigating through life’s labyrinth How to overcome toxic relationships and build healthier ones How to heal yourself from abuse, trauma & emotional pain and find inner peace Soul Works is an inspiring and carefully created guide that emboldens you to develop a positive mindset, boost your self-esteem and find your true self. These highly valuable, informative, yet emotionally-rooted articles are meant to help you find your way towards a healthier relationship with yourself and others.
Into The Wild Shadow Work Journal
Author: Dominica Applegate
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 82
Book Description
Into The Wild Shadow Work Journal is a remarkable resource specifically designed to assist you in diving deep into your subconscious psyche for exploration. If you're dealing with things like anxiety, depression, relationship issues, poor choices, etc., Shadow Work is a powerful tool to help you feel, deal, and heal layer upon layer, so you can enjoy more peace and joy along your journey.With 60 shadow work journal questions and exercises, you'll be well on your way to discovering the parts of you that you've repressed, rejected, or abandoned over the years, calling them back to heal them layer by layer.Your shadow is that part of your ego that lies beneath the surface, largely controlling your attitudes, belief patterns, and actions. Here's your permission to get "into the wild" world of the psyche to explore, feel, and heal.You'll also get 8 captivating, powerful images that are perfect to inspire and set the mood for the writing exercises.INTO THE WILD Journal Includes: * 60 journaling prompts and exercises to help you illuminate shadows* 14 full-page gorgeous images + quotes. INTO THE WILD Journal Details* 90 pages * Powerful Images + Quote
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 82
Book Description
Into The Wild Shadow Work Journal is a remarkable resource specifically designed to assist you in diving deep into your subconscious psyche for exploration. If you're dealing with things like anxiety, depression, relationship issues, poor choices, etc., Shadow Work is a powerful tool to help you feel, deal, and heal layer upon layer, so you can enjoy more peace and joy along your journey.With 60 shadow work journal questions and exercises, you'll be well on your way to discovering the parts of you that you've repressed, rejected, or abandoned over the years, calling them back to heal them layer by layer.Your shadow is that part of your ego that lies beneath the surface, largely controlling your attitudes, belief patterns, and actions. Here's your permission to get "into the wild" world of the psyche to explore, feel, and heal.You'll also get 8 captivating, powerful images that are perfect to inspire and set the mood for the writing exercises.INTO THE WILD Journal Includes: * 60 journaling prompts and exercises to help you illuminate shadows* 14 full-page gorgeous images + quotes. INTO THE WILD Journal Details* 90 pages * Powerful Images + Quote
Writing Your Journal Article in Twelve Weeks
Author: Wendy Laura Belcher
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 141295701X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 376
Book Description
This book provides you with all the tools you need to write an excellent academic article and get it published.
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 141295701X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 376
Book Description
This book provides you with all the tools you need to write an excellent academic article and get it published.
Working Days
Author: John Steinbeck
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 9780140144574
Category : Literary Collections
Languages : en
Pages : 244
Book Description
John Steinbeck wrote The Grapes of Wrath during an astonishing burst of activity between June and October of 1938. Throughout the time he was creating his greatest work, Steinbeck faithfully kept a journal revealing his arduous journey toward its completion. The journal, like the novel it chronicles, tells a tale of dramatic proportions—of dogged determination and inspiration, yet also of paranoia, self-doubt, and obstacles. It records in intimate detail the conception and genesis of The Grapes of Wrath and its huge though controversial success. It is a unique and penetrating portrait of an emblematic American writer creating an essential American masterpiece.
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 9780140144574
Category : Literary Collections
Languages : en
Pages : 244
Book Description
John Steinbeck wrote The Grapes of Wrath during an astonishing burst of activity between June and October of 1938. Throughout the time he was creating his greatest work, Steinbeck faithfully kept a journal revealing his arduous journey toward its completion. The journal, like the novel it chronicles, tells a tale of dramatic proportions—of dogged determination and inspiration, yet also of paranoia, self-doubt, and obstacles. It records in intimate detail the conception and genesis of The Grapes of Wrath and its huge though controversial success. It is a unique and penetrating portrait of an emblematic American writer creating an essential American masterpiece.
The Bullet Journal Method
Author: Ryder Carroll
Publisher: Fourth Estate
ISBN: 9780008261405
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
THE NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER Transform your life using the Bullet Journal Method, the revolutionary organisational system and worldwide phenomenon. The Bullet Journal Method will undoubtedly transform your life, in more ways than you can imagine' Hal Elrod, author of The Miracle Morning In his long-awaited first book, Ryder Carroll, the creator of the enormously popular Bullet Journal organisational system, explains how to use his method to: * TRACK YOUR PAST: using nothing more than a pen and paper, create a clear, comprehensive, and organised record of your thoughts and goals. * ORDER YOUR PRESENT: find daily calm by prioritising and minimising your workload and tackling your to-do list in a more mindful and productive way. * PLAN YOUR FUTURE: establish and appraise your short-term and long-term goals, plan more complex projects simply and effectively, and live your life with meaning and purpose. Like many of us, Ryder Carroll tried everything to get organised - countless apps, systems, planners, you name it. Nothing really worked. Then he invented his own simple system that required only pen and paper, which he found both effective and calming. He shared his method with a few friends, and before long he had a worldwide viral movement. The system combines elements of a wishlist, a to-do list, and a diary. It helps you identify what matters and set goals accordingly. By breaking long-term goals into small actionable steps, users map out an approachable path towards continual improvement, allowing them to stay focused despite the crush of incoming demands. But this is much more than a time management book. It's also a manifesto for what Ryder calls "intentional living": making sure that your beliefs and actions align. Even if you already use a Bullet Journal, this book gives you new exercises to become more calm and focused, new insights on how to prioritise well, and a new awareness of the power of analogue tools in a digital world. *** This book has been printed with three different colour designs, black, Nordic blue and emerald. We are unable to accept requests for a specific cover. The different covers will be assigned to orders at random. ***
Publisher: Fourth Estate
ISBN: 9780008261405
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
THE NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER Transform your life using the Bullet Journal Method, the revolutionary organisational system and worldwide phenomenon. The Bullet Journal Method will undoubtedly transform your life, in more ways than you can imagine' Hal Elrod, author of The Miracle Morning In his long-awaited first book, Ryder Carroll, the creator of the enormously popular Bullet Journal organisational system, explains how to use his method to: * TRACK YOUR PAST: using nothing more than a pen and paper, create a clear, comprehensive, and organised record of your thoughts and goals. * ORDER YOUR PRESENT: find daily calm by prioritising and minimising your workload and tackling your to-do list in a more mindful and productive way. * PLAN YOUR FUTURE: establish and appraise your short-term and long-term goals, plan more complex projects simply and effectively, and live your life with meaning and purpose. Like many of us, Ryder Carroll tried everything to get organised - countless apps, systems, planners, you name it. Nothing really worked. Then he invented his own simple system that required only pen and paper, which he found both effective and calming. He shared his method with a few friends, and before long he had a worldwide viral movement. The system combines elements of a wishlist, a to-do list, and a diary. It helps you identify what matters and set goals accordingly. By breaking long-term goals into small actionable steps, users map out an approachable path towards continual improvement, allowing them to stay focused despite the crush of incoming demands. But this is much more than a time management book. It's also a manifesto for what Ryder calls "intentional living": making sure that your beliefs and actions align. Even if you already use a Bullet Journal, this book gives you new exercises to become more calm and focused, new insights on how to prioritise well, and a new awareness of the power of analogue tools in a digital world. *** This book has been printed with three different colour designs, black, Nordic blue and emerald. We are unable to accept requests for a specific cover. The different covers will be assigned to orders at random. ***
Wishwork
Author: Alexa Fischer
Publisher: Mango Media Inc.
ISBN: 1642500240
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 113
Book Description
A twenty-one–day plan of action to manifest your dreams into reality. What is your greatest wish? Do you want a new job? An influx of new clients? Zero credit card debt? A strong, healthy body? A passionate, exciting marriage? More free time to relax in your backyard with a great book? You don't need a miracle to make your wish a reality. With Wishwork, you will visualize your #1 wish, write it down, focus on it, and take action for twenty-one days in a row to make your wish come true. Alexa Fischer (TV and film actress, entrepreneur, and founder of Wishbeads, a fast-growing jewelry company) is your guide on this twenty-one–day journey. You’ll complete simple daily action steps and record your experiences, feeling your positivity and optimism grow with each passing day. Wishwork gently reminds readers that wishes don’t just magically come true without any effort whatsoever—you’ve got to put in some work! Wishwork will motivate you to get off the couch, turn off Netflix, get moving, cultivate a positive mindset, and make your #1 wish come true—while keeping the process fun and uplifting, not daunting. Life’s too short to wait on the universe to grant your wishes. Alexa will walk you through simple but life changing steps to grant them yourself! Perfect for fans of The Miracle Morning, The Untethered Soul, and The Universe Has Your Back. Praise for Wishworks “Write your wish. See your wish. Live your wish. Alexa helps you turn a general inkling into a specific manifestation. Go make your ruckus.” —Seth Godin, New York Times–bestselling author of The Practice “If you are looking to make a positive change in your life this book will help you to focus a little on your own wants and let you see how you can achieve something great.” —The Nerdy Girl Express
Publisher: Mango Media Inc.
ISBN: 1642500240
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 113
Book Description
A twenty-one–day plan of action to manifest your dreams into reality. What is your greatest wish? Do you want a new job? An influx of new clients? Zero credit card debt? A strong, healthy body? A passionate, exciting marriage? More free time to relax in your backyard with a great book? You don't need a miracle to make your wish a reality. With Wishwork, you will visualize your #1 wish, write it down, focus on it, and take action for twenty-one days in a row to make your wish come true. Alexa Fischer (TV and film actress, entrepreneur, and founder of Wishbeads, a fast-growing jewelry company) is your guide on this twenty-one–day journey. You’ll complete simple daily action steps and record your experiences, feeling your positivity and optimism grow with each passing day. Wishwork gently reminds readers that wishes don’t just magically come true without any effort whatsoever—you’ve got to put in some work! Wishwork will motivate you to get off the couch, turn off Netflix, get moving, cultivate a positive mindset, and make your #1 wish come true—while keeping the process fun and uplifting, not daunting. Life’s too short to wait on the universe to grant your wishes. Alexa will walk you through simple but life changing steps to grant them yourself! Perfect for fans of The Miracle Morning, The Untethered Soul, and The Universe Has Your Back. Praise for Wishworks “Write your wish. See your wish. Live your wish. Alexa helps you turn a general inkling into a specific manifestation. Go make your ruckus.” —Seth Godin, New York Times–bestselling author of The Practice “If you are looking to make a positive change in your life this book will help you to focus a little on your own wants and let you see how you can achieve something great.” —The Nerdy Girl Express
The Book Club Journal
Author: Adams Media
Publisher: Adams Media
ISBN: 1507214022
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
Keep track of your book club selections and record your latest literary adventures with this reading journal to stay organized for your next meeting! Book clubs are a great way to read new books and discover different genres and new topics that you may not be too familiar with. You can share your thoughts in a social setting and enjoy interesting conversations that might open your eyes to other opinions about the book. But all too often we forget the best details once the book is finished and put back on the shelf. With The Book Club Journal, you can collect and remember all your important thoughts and feelings so that you can reflect on them for future meetings or rereadings. Made specifically for book club members, this journal has prompts for all the basic book stats, such as the title, author, and who suggested the book, along with book club specific questions like “How does this book compare with the titles we have read previously?” This fun and useful journal also includes reference pages with lists of classic book club must-reads, and room for you to create your very own to-read list.
Publisher: Adams Media
ISBN: 1507214022
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
Keep track of your book club selections and record your latest literary adventures with this reading journal to stay organized for your next meeting! Book clubs are a great way to read new books and discover different genres and new topics that you may not be too familiar with. You can share your thoughts in a social setting and enjoy interesting conversations that might open your eyes to other opinions about the book. But all too often we forget the best details once the book is finished and put back on the shelf. With The Book Club Journal, you can collect and remember all your important thoughts and feelings so that you can reflect on them for future meetings or rereadings. Made specifically for book club members, this journal has prompts for all the basic book stats, such as the title, author, and who suggested the book, along with book club specific questions like “How does this book compare with the titles we have read previously?” This fun and useful journal also includes reference pages with lists of classic book club must-reads, and room for you to create your very own to-read list.
My Work in Progress
Author: Zondervan
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780310770671
Category : Young Adult Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Creative writing inspiration. Artistic adventures. Calming meditations. Let your imagination run wild as you journey through this pretty and interactive journal that will kickstart your imagination and get your creative juices flowing Some Find Your Voice writing, art, meditation, and interactive prompts include: Create an abstract art image. Grab 3 different colors and just go to town Color outside the lines. Don't have a plan. Change things halfway through. Mess up. Life is messy, and the lines we choose to take often go awry Make a page of 5 positive things you like about yourself. Write 5 positive things that happened to you this week. Keep track of and record 1 good thing that happens every day of the month. Go outside and choose one object (like a tree or blade of grass) and then write about it as much as you could. Be descriptive. Be flowery. Get creative. Create an A-Z reading list and pick a book for each letter of the alphabet. Include books you've wanted to read but haven't gotten to, books you own but haven't touched, and books you've never heard of. Expand your mind with the thoughts and experiences of others
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780310770671
Category : Young Adult Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Creative writing inspiration. Artistic adventures. Calming meditations. Let your imagination run wild as you journey through this pretty and interactive journal that will kickstart your imagination and get your creative juices flowing Some Find Your Voice writing, art, meditation, and interactive prompts include: Create an abstract art image. Grab 3 different colors and just go to town Color outside the lines. Don't have a plan. Change things halfway through. Mess up. Life is messy, and the lines we choose to take often go awry Make a page of 5 positive things you like about yourself. Write 5 positive things that happened to you this week. Keep track of and record 1 good thing that happens every day of the month. Go outside and choose one object (like a tree or blade of grass) and then write about it as much as you could. Be descriptive. Be flowery. Get creative. Create an A-Z reading list and pick a book for each letter of the alphabet. Include books you've wanted to read but haven't gotten to, books you own but haven't touched, and books you've never heard of. Expand your mind with the thoughts and experiences of others
Journal Keeping
Author: Dannelle D. Stevens
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 100097765X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
** By the authors of the acclaimed Introduction to Rubrics** Major growth of interest in keeping journals or diaries for personal reflection and growth; and as a teaching tool** Will appeal to college faculty, administrators and teachers One of the most powerful ways to learn, reflect and make sense of our lives is through journal keeping. This book presents the potential uses and benefits of journals for personal and professional development—particularly for those in academic life; and demonstrates journals’ potential to foster college students’ learning, fluency and voice, and creative thinking.In professional life, a journal helps to organize, prioritize and address the many expectations of a faculty member’s or administrator’s roles. Journals are effective for developing time management skills, building problem-solving skills, fostering insight, and decreasing stress.Both writing and rereading journal entries allow the journal keeper to document thinking; to track changes and review observations; and to examine assumptions and so gain fresh perspectives and insights over past events. The authors present the background to help readers make an informed decision about the value of journals and to determine whether journals will fit appropriately with their teaching objectives or help manage their personal and professional lives. They offer insights and advice on selecting the format or formats and techniques most appropriate for the reader’s purposes.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 100097765X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
** By the authors of the acclaimed Introduction to Rubrics** Major growth of interest in keeping journals or diaries for personal reflection and growth; and as a teaching tool** Will appeal to college faculty, administrators and teachers One of the most powerful ways to learn, reflect and make sense of our lives is through journal keeping. This book presents the potential uses and benefits of journals for personal and professional development—particularly for those in academic life; and demonstrates journals’ potential to foster college students’ learning, fluency and voice, and creative thinking.In professional life, a journal helps to organize, prioritize and address the many expectations of a faculty member’s or administrator’s roles. Journals are effective for developing time management skills, building problem-solving skills, fostering insight, and decreasing stress.Both writing and rereading journal entries allow the journal keeper to document thinking; to track changes and review observations; and to examine assumptions and so gain fresh perspectives and insights over past events. The authors present the background to help readers make an informed decision about the value of journals and to determine whether journals will fit appropriately with their teaching objectives or help manage their personal and professional lives. They offer insights and advice on selecting the format or formats and techniques most appropriate for the reader’s purposes.