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Author: Virginia Sapiro
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780608015248
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
Three current issues in social science research are examined in this volume: the problems affecting women in their everyday lives, the relationship between the physical and social-political lives of people, and the role of normative theory in policy science. Going beyond theories of traditional sociobiology, this multi-disciplinary volume focuses on the reciprocal relationship between biology and the formulation, implementation, and impact of public policies. The contributors argue that assumptions about biological differences between the sexes affect public policy. These assumptions create a gender ideology that shapes not only public opinion on gender issues in politics, but also affects the development, interpretation and application of scientific research to public policy. In turn, gender-based public policies are shown to have tangible effects on the biological condition of men and women even when the policy is not gender based.
Author: Virginia Sapiro
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780608015248
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Get Book Here
Book Description
Three current issues in social science research are examined in this volume: the problems affecting women in their everyday lives, the relationship between the physical and social-political lives of people, and the role of normative theory in policy science. Going beyond theories of traditional sociobiology, this multi-disciplinary volume focuses on the reciprocal relationship between biology and the formulation, implementation, and impact of public policies. The contributors argue that assumptions about biological differences between the sexes affect public policy. These assumptions create a gender ideology that shapes not only public opinion on gender issues in politics, but also affects the development, interpretation and application of scientific research to public policy. In turn, gender-based public policies are shown to have tangible effects on the biological condition of men and women even when the policy is not gender based.
Author: Virginia Sapiro
Publisher: SAGE Publications, Incorporated
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Three current issues in social science research are examined in Women, Biology and Public Policy -- the problems affecting women in their everyday lives, the relationship between the physical and socio-political lives of people, and the role of normative theory in policy science. Going beyond beyond theories of traditional sociobiology, this multi-disciplinary volume focuses on the reciprocal relationship between biology and the formulation, implementation, and impact of public policies.
Author: Ruth Hubbard
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 9780813514901
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
In this work the author explores the social and political assumptions of biology, and genetics in particular. She examines the ways biologists use scientific language, use genetics, and apply it to human situations, especially to women's situations.
Author: Kingsley R. Browne
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 0813542472
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Does biology help explain why women, on average, earn less money than men? Is there any evolutionary basis for the scarcity of female CEOs in Fortune 500 companies? According to Kingsley Browne, the answer may be yes. Biology at Work brings an evolutionary perspective to bear on issues of women in the workplace: the "glass ceiling," the "gender gap" in pay, sexual harassment, and occupational segregation. While acknowledging the role of discrimination and sexist socialization, Browne suggests that until we factor real biological differences between men and women into the equation, the explanation remains incomplete. Browne looks at behavioral differences between men and women as products of different evolutionary pressures facing them throughout human history. Womens biological investment in their offspring has led them to be on average more nurturing and risk averse, and to value relationships over competition. Men have been biologically rewarded, over human history, for displays of strength and skill, risk taking, and status acquisition. These behavioral differences have numerous workplace consequences. Not surprisingly, sex differences in the drive for status lead to sex differences in the achievement of status. Browne argues that decision makers should recognize that policies based on the assumption of a single androgynous human nature are unlikely to be successful. Simply removing barriers to inequality will not achieve equality, as women and men typically value different things in the workplace and will make different workplace choices based on their different preferences. Rather than simply putting forward the "nature" side of the debate, Browne suggests that dichotomies such as nature/nurture have impeded our understanding of the origins of human behavior. Through evolutionary biology we can understand not only how natural selection has created predispositions toward certain types of behavior but also how the social environment interacts with these predispositions to produce observed behavioral patterns.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309100410
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
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Book Description
During the last 40 years, the number of women studying science and engineering (S&E) has increased dramatically. Nevertheless, women do not hold academic faculty positions in numbers that commensurate with their increasing share of the S&E talent pool. The discrepancy exists at both the junior and senior faculty levels. In December 2005, the National Research Council held a workshop to explore these issues. Experts in a number of disciplines met to address what sex-differences research tells us about capability, behavior, career decisions, and achievement; the role of organizational structures and institutional policy; cross-cutting issues of race and ethnicity; key research needs and experimental paradigms and tools; and the ramifications of their research for policy, particularly for evaluating current and potential academic faculty. Biological, Social, and Organizational Components of Success for Women in Academic Science and Engineering consists of three elements: an introduction, summaries of panel discussions including public comment sessions, and poster abstracts.
Author: Ellen Boneparth
Publisher: New York : Pergamon Press
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
2e druk : 1988.
Author: Karen L. Baird
Publisher: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press
ISBN: 0838641849
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
Examines the women's health movement of the 1990s and how activists achieved policy changes in the areas of medical research, HIV/AIDS, breast cancer, and violence against women. -- Back cover.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133653
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 347
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Book Description
The United States economy relies on the productivity, entrepreneurship, and creativity of its people. To maintain its scientific and engineering leadership amid increasing economic and educational globalization, the United States must aggressively pursue the innovative capacity of all its people—women and men. However, women face barriers to success in every field of science and engineering; obstacles that deprive the country of an important source of talent. Without a transformation of academic institutions to tackle such barriers, the future vitality of the U.S. research base and economy are in jeopardy. Beyond Bias and Barriers explains that eliminating gender bias in academia requires immediate overarching reform, including decisive action by university administrators, professional societies, federal funding agencies and foundations, government agencies, and Congress. If implemented and coordinated across public, private, and government sectors, the recommended actions will help to improve workplace environments for all employees while strengthening the foundations of America's competitiveness.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309132975
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 287
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Book Description
It's obvious why only men develop prostate cancer and why only women get ovarian cancer. But it is not obvious why women are more likely to recover language ability after a stroke than men or why women are more apt to develop autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Sex differences in health throughout the lifespan have been documented. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health begins to snap the pieces of the puzzle into place so that this knowledge can be used to improve health for both sexes. From behavior and cognition to metabolism and response to chemicals and infectious organisms, this book explores the health impact of sex (being male or female, according to reproductive organs and chromosomes) and gender (one's sense of self as male or female in society). Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health discusses basic biochemical differences in the cells of males and females and health variability between the sexes from conception throughout life. The book identifies key research needs and opportunities and addresses barriers to research. Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health will be important to health policy makers, basic, applied, and clinical researchers, educators, providers, and journalists-while being very accessible to interested lay readers.
Author: Suzanne Uttaro Samuels
Publisher: Univ of Wisconsin Press
ISBN: 9780299145446
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
In the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, many private employers in the United States enacted fetal protection policies that barred fertile women--that is, women who had not been surgically sterilized--from working in jobs that might expose fetuses to toxins. In Fetal Rights, Women's Rights, Suzanne Samuels analyzes these policies and the ambiguous responses to them by federal and state courts, legislatures, administrative agencies, litigants, and interest groups. She poses provocative questions about the implicit links between social welfare concerns and paternalism in the workplace, including: are women workers or wombs? Placing the fetal protection controversy within the larger societal debate about gender roles, Samuels argues that governmental decision-makers confuse sex, which is based solely on biological characteristics, with gender, which is based on societal conceptions. She contends that the debate about fetal protection policies brought this ambiguity into stark relief, and that the response of policy-makers was rooted in assumptions about gender roles. Judges, legislators, and regulators used gender as a proxy, she argues, to sidestep the question of whether fetal protection policies could be justified by the biological differences between women and men. The fetal protection controversy raises a number of concerns about women's role in the workplace. Samuels discusses the effect on governmental policies of the ongoing controversy over abortion rights and the debates between egalitarian and relational feminists about the treatment of women at work. A timely and engrossing study, Fetal Rights, Women's Rights details the pattern of gender politics in the United States and demonstrates the broader ramifications of gender bias in the workplace.
