Wind-tunnel Force and Pressure Tests of Rocket-engine Nozzle Extensions on the 0.0667-scale X-15-2 Model at Supersonic and Hypersonic Speeds PDF Download
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Author: Earl J. Montoya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author: Earl J. Montoya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author: Ralph C. Tolle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hypersonic wind tunnels
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
Author: John B. Anders
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerodynamics, Hypersonic
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
A hypersonic-wind-tunnel nozzle concept which incorporates a hot-core flow surrounded by an annular flow of cold air offers a promising technique for maximizing the model size while minimizing the power required to heat the test core. This capability becomes especially important when providing the true-temperature duplication needed for hypersonic propulsion testing. Several two-dimensional wind-tunnel nozzle configurations that are designed according to this concept are analyzed by using recently developed analytical techniques for prediction of the boundary-layer growth and the mixing between the hot and cold coaxial supersonic airflows. The analyses indicate that introduction of the cold annular flow near the throat results in an unacceptable test core for the nozzle size and stagnation conditions considered because of both mixing and condensation effects. Use of a half-nozzle with a ramp on the flat portion does not appear promising because of the thick boundary layer associated with the extra length. However, the analyses indicate that if the cold annular flow is introduced at the exit of a full two-dimensional nozzle, an acceptable test core will be produced. Predictions of the mixing between the hot and cold supersonic streams for this configuration show that mixing effects from the cold flow do not appreciably penetrate into the hot core for the large downstream distances of interest.
Author: Rudolf Hermann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wind tunnels
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
In the wind tunnel arrangement under consideration, the air leaves the Laval nozzle as a free jet and is recaptured by the diffuser, which is of the convergent-divergent design. A theoretical analysis of the flow process through this type of supersonic wind tunnel is presented and the diffuser efficiency is calculated for the case of equilibrium between test chamber pressure and pressure in the nozzle exit, assuming one-dimensional, in viscous, steady flow. Using the basic equations of continuity, energy and momentum flux through a bounding surface, an exact solution of the problem is obtained, which is applicable up to Mach number infinite. One of the basic results is, that in the recapturing zone of the diffuser a transition occurs from supersonic to subsonic flow, which is followed by an acceleration in the convergent portion up to sonic velocity at the second throat. The transition is not a normal shock and involves a total pressure loss greater than that of a normal shock at the test section Mach number. A mathematical solution with supersonic velocity after the transition process has no physical existence. A comprehensive comparison of the analytical results with available experiments in supersonic wind tunnels up to Mach number 4.4 regarding diffuser efficiency and second throat area shows good agreement.
Author: William C. Moseley (Jr.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerodynamic load
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author: Frank K. Lu
Publisher: AIAA
ISBN: 9781600864483
Category : Aerodynamics, Hypersonic
Languages : en
Pages : 694
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Book Description
Author: Naval Ordnance Laboratory (White Oak, Md.).
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hypersonic wind tunnels
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Book Description
Author: Stephen A. Whitmore
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drag (Aerodynamics)
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Drag reduction tests were conducted on the LASRE/X-33 flight experiment. The LASRE experiment is a flight test of a roughly 20-percent scale model of an X-33 forebody with a single aerospike engine at the rear. The experiment apparatus is mounted on top of an SR-71 aircraft. This paper suggests a method for reducing base drag by adding surface roughness along the forebody. Calculations show a potential for base drag reductions of 8 to 14 percent. Flight results corroborate the base drag reduction, with actual reductions of 15 percent in the high-subsonic flight regime. An unexpected result of this experiment is that drag benefits were shown to persist well into the supersonic flight regime. Flight results show no overall net drag reduction. Applied surface roughness causes forebody pressures to rise and offset base drag reductions. Apparently the grit displaced streamlines outward, causing forebody compression. Results of the LASRE drag experiments are inconclusive and more work is needed. Clearly, however, the forebody grit application works as a viable drag reduction tool.
Author: James E. Danberg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hypersonic wind tunnels
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
NOL's Hypersonic Tunnel No. 4 is a continuous blow-down hypersonic tunnel designed for research and development testing of models, instrumentation, and wind tunnel components. It can operate at Mach numbers from 5 to 10 with supply pressures up to 52 atmospheres and supply temperatures up to 1700 R. This report summarizes the pertinent aerodynamic design criteria and operating experience compiled during its first eleven years of operation. Included are descriptions of the major components and their performance along with the flight simulation capability of the facility and a bibliography of previously published reports. (Author).
Author: Max Kinslow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hypersonic wind tunnels
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
The potential value of controlled boundary-layer removal from the wall of a nozzle for low-density hypersonic flow was investigated in a brief experimental program. A particular objective was the achievement of sufficient control over boundary-layer thickness to enable a contoured nozzle to be operated under off-design conditions without excessive deterioration of flow uniformity. The nozzle contour was greatly influenced by boundary-layer thickness. Boundary-layer removal involved suction through perforated walls where local nozzle static pressures exceeded the pressure in the large tank which enclosed the nozzle and test section.
