Western Democracies and the New Extreme Right Challenge

Western Democracies and the New Extreme Right Challenge PDF Author: Roger Eatwell
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134201567
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 416

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Book Description
By the turn of the 1990s, Western democracy appeared destined to become the universal governmental norm. However, as we move into the new millennium there are growing signs that extremism is far from dead. In recent years, the extreme right has gathered notable support in many Western countries, such as Austria, France and Italy. Racist violence, initially aimed at 'immigrants', is on the rise, and in the US, and increasingly in Europe, the state itself has become a major target. This book considers the varying trajectories of the 'extreme right' and 'populist' parties and focuses on the problems of responses to these trends, an issue which has hitherto been neglected in academic literature.

Freedom in the World 2018

Freedom in the World 2018 PDF Author: Freedom House
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538112035
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1265

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Book Description
Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 195 countries and fifteen territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.

Political Cleavages and Social Inequalities

Political Cleavages and Social Inequalities PDF Author: Amory Gethin
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674248422
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 657

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Book Description
The empirical starting point for anyone who wants to understand political cleavages in the democratic world, based on a unique dataset covering fifty countries since WWII. Who votes for whom and why? Why has growing inequality in many parts of the world not led to renewed class-based conflicts, seeming instead to have come with the emergence of new divides over identity and integration? News analysts, scholars, and citizens interested in exploring those questions inevitably lack relevant data, in particular the kinds of data that establish historical and international context. Political Cleavages and Social Inequalities provides the missing empirical background, collecting and examining a treasure trove of information on the dynamics of polarization in modern democracies. The chapters draw on a unique set of surveys conducted between 1948 and 2020 in fifty countries on five continents, analyzing the links between votersÕ political preferences and socioeconomic characteristics, such as income, education, wealth, occupation, religion, ethnicity, age, and gender. This analysis sheds new light on how political movements succeed in coalescing multiple interests and identities in contemporary democracies. It also helps us understand the conditions under which conflicts over inequality become politically salient, as well as the similarities and constraints of voters supporting ethnonationalist politicians like Narendra Modi, Jair Bolsonaro, Marine Le Pen, and Donald Trump. Bringing together cutting-edge data and historical analysis, editors Amory Gethin, Clara Mart’nez-Toledano, and Thomas Piketty offer a vital resource for understanding the voting patterns of the present and the likely sources of future political conflict.

The Extreme Right in Europe

The Extreme Right in Europe PDF Author: Paul Hainsworth
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134154321
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 173

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Book Description
This book is a concise critical introduction to one of the most emergent themes in late twentieth-century history, politics and society and looks at how extremist and nationalist popular fronts have grown under the influence of modern-day issues.

Defending Democracy

Defending Democracy PDF Author: Giovanni Capoccia
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 9780801880384
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 366

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Book Description
Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2011 im Fachbereich Informatik - IT-Security, Fachhochschule Salzburg (Informationstechnik und System-Management), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Click Fraud is an upcoming and increasing challenge for all aspects of e-commerce and online-marketing. This diploma thesis tries to categorize the term click fraud. Common ways of performing click fraud (botnets, forced browser-clicks) are described and analyzed. The approaches of circumvention of click-fraud by the operators of ad-networks and searchengines are shown, as also the possibilities of afterwards detection of click fraud by companies. A framework with examples is provided to develop and analyze algorithms to detect click fraud.

The Populist Radical Right

The Populist Radical Right PDF Author: Cas Mudde
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1315514567
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 661

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Book Description
The populist radical right is one of the most studied political phenomena in the social sciences, counting hundreds of books and thousands of articles. This is the first reader to bring together the most seminal articles and book chapters on the contemporary populist radical right in western democracies. It has a broad regional and topical focus and includes work that has made an original theoretical contribution to the field, which make them less time-specific. The reader is organized in six thematic sections: (1) ideology and issues; (2) parties, organizations, and subcultures; (3) leaders, members, and voters; (4) causes; (5) consequences; and (6) responses. Each section features a short introduction by the editor, which introduces and ties together the selected pieces and provides discussion questions and suggestions for further readings. The reader is ended with a conclusion in which the editor reflects on the future of the populist radical right in light of (more) recent political developments – most notably the Greek economic crisis and the refugee crisis – and suggest avenues for future research.

Outsiders No More?

Outsiders No More? PDF Author: Jennifer Hochschild
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199311315
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 369

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Book Description
Outsiders No More? brings together a multidisciplinary group of scholars to consider pathways by which immigrants may be incorporated into the political processes of western democracies. At a time when immigrants are increasingly significant political actors in many democratic polities, this volume makes a timely and valuable intervention by pushing researchers to articulate causal dynamics, provide clear definitions and measurable concepts, and develop testable hypotheses. By including historians, sociologists, and political scientists, by ranging across North America and Western Europe, by addressing successful and failed incorporative efforts, this handbook offers guides for anyone seeking to develop a dynamic, unified, and supple model of immigrant political incorporation.

Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe

Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe PDF Author: Piero Ignazi
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191522058
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272

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Book Description
This book has three aims. Firstly, it explores the extreme right in order to assess its ideological meaning and its political expression. Beginning with a discussion of the meaning and usefulness of the Left-Right distinction, it deals with the varying significance of the term 'right' and discusses the appropriateness of the competing terms: 'radical', 'new', 'populist', and 'extreme right'. The book argues that the traditional neo-fascist party has been supplanted by a new type of extreme right party, unrelated to fascist ideology, but nevertheless opposed to the fundamental values of the democratic political system. The book's second aim is to carry out an in-depth analysis of the post-war evolution of the extreme right of each country in Western Europe. The analysis highlights their lineage from pre-war fascist regimes or movements, their different partisan expressions in the post-war period, their ideological profile, their party's relationship with other actors in the party system, the socio-demographic and attitudinal profile of their voter-base, and finally the conditions which have favoured or inhibited their development. Finally, the book discusses in detail more recent trends within the West European extreme right and outlines a conceptual framework for explaining the success or failure of each political party. The volume, extensively revised, expanded, and updated from its original widely acclaimed Italian edition, will be essential reading for all those working on parties and movements in Western Europe.

Launching the Grand Coalition

Launching the Grand Coalition PDF Author: Eric Langenbacher
Publisher: Berghahn Books
ISBN: 085745773X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 208

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Book Description
This edited volume, which brings together the leading experts in German politics from around the US and Germany, combines rich descriptive data with insightful analyses regarding one of the most dramatic and important election years in postwar Germany. A variety of more specialized issues and perspectives is addressed, including the transatlantic relationship, EU policy, voting behavior and far Right parties. This book will be essential reading for students of German, European and comparative politics.

European and American Extreme Right Groups and the Internet

European and American Extreme Right Groups and the Internet PDF Author: Manuela Caiani
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131713981X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 250

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Book Description
How do right-wing extremist organizations throughout the world use the Internet as a tool for communication and recruitment? What is its role in identity-building within radical right-wing groups and how do they use the Internet to set their agenda, build contacts, spread their ideology and encourage mobilization? This important contribution to the field of Internet politics adopts a social movement perspective to address and examine these important questions. Conducting a comparative content analysis of more than 500 extreme right organizational web sites from France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States, it offers an overview of the Internet communication activities of these groups and systematically maps and analyses the links and structure of the virtual communities of the extreme right. Based on reports from the daily press the book presents a protest event analysis of right wing groups’ mobilisation and action strategies, relating them to their online practices. In doing so it exposes the new challenges and opportunities the Internet presents to the groups themselves and the societies in which they exist.