Vulnerability of Chronic Wasting Disease Infected Mule Deer (Odcoileus Hemionus) to Accidents and Predation PDF Download
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Author: Caroline E. Krumm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chronic wasting disease
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Author: Caroline E. Krumm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chronic wasting disease
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Author: Maria Angelica Dobbin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chronic wasting disease
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal, prion disease of cervids that was first detected in Alberta in 2005. Transmission of CWD occurs by direct contact with an infected individual or via contaminated environments. I investigated the seasonal effects of landscape heterogeneity on direct, sex-specific (same or mixed sex) contacts of individuals within and between groups of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in central eastern Alberta. Using data from collared deer, I determined group membership based on simultaneous movement, pair-wise relatedness from genetic sampling at capture, contact rates based on proximity loggers, and habitat characteristics of dyad (pairs) in space-use overlap based on GPS telemetry. I found that within-group contact rates were several orders of magnitude higher than between-group contacts, contact rates were unrelated to genetic relatedness, and within-group contacts rates were more dependent on the sex of individuals, between-group rates were more influences by habitat. I also determined where seasonal contacts were most likely to occur by comparing habitat characteristics of contact locations to random locations within areas of shared space use. In winter, contacts occurred in areas with higher use by deer, whereas in summer contact locations were less constrained and were more varied between sexes. The exceptions were that contacts were more likely to occur than expected by use in areas of limited woody cover in both winter and summer, less likely to occur in forest-open edges in winter, and closers to roads in summer. Predictions of where contacts occur among within and between-group male dyads in winter and between-group female dyads in summer were the best predictors of CWD risk derived from hunter-harvested infected deer detected during Alberta's CWD surveillance program. My results suggest that the pattern of CWD risk on the landscape is related to areas of deer contact, and that the seasonal, sex-specific contact rates may better inform transmission in spatially explicit models to help guide management strategies for an emergent wildlife disease.
Author: Matthew Lee Farnsworth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bayesian statistical decision theory
Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Author: Daniel A. Grear
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Author: Champika Fernando
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Melia T. DeVivo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chronic wasting disease
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), and moose (Alces alces shirasi) in North America. In southeastern Wyoming average annual CWD prevalence in mule deer exceeds 20% and appears to contribute to regional population declines. We determined the effect of CWD on mule deer demography using age-specific, female-only, CWD transition matrix models to estimate the population growth rate (?). Mule deer were captured from 2010?2014 in southern Converse County Wyoming, USA. Captured adult ( 1.5 years old) deer were tested ante-mortem for CWD using tonsil biopsies and monitored using radio telemetry. Mean annual survival rates of CWD-negative and CWD-positive deer were 0.76 and 0.32, respectively. Pregnancy and fawn recruitment were not observed to be influenced by CWD. We estimated ? = 0.79, indicating an annual population decline of 21% under current CWD prevalence levels. A model derived from the demography of only CWD-negative individuals yielded; ? = 1.00, indicating a stable population if CWD were absent. These findings support CWD as a significant contributor to mule deer population decline. Chronic wasting disease is difficult or impossible to eradicate with current tools, given significant environmental contamination, and at present our best recommendation for control of this disease is to minimize spread to new areas and naïve cervid populations.
Author: Caroline E. Krumm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chronic wasting disease
Languages : en
Pages : 3
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The possibility that predators choose prey selectively based on age or condition has been suggested but rarely tested. We examined whether mountain lions (Puma concolor) selectively prey upon mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) infected with chronic wasting disease, a prion disease. We located kill sites of mountain lions in the northern Front Range of Colorado, USA, and compared disease prevalence among lion-killed adult (?2 years old) deer with prevalence among sympatric deer taken by hunters in the vicinity of kill sites. Hunter-killed female deer were less likely to be infected than males (odds ratios (OR) = 0.2, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.1?0.6; p = 0.015). However, both female (OR = 8.5, 95% CI = 2.3?30.9) and male deer (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1?10) killed by a mountain lion were more likely to be infected than same-sex deer killed in the vicinity by a hunter (p
Author: David R. Edmunds
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780549795223
Category : Chronic wasting disease
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Author: Barry Richard Nobert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chronic wasting disease
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444639535
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 520
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Book Description
Human Prion Diseases, Volume 153 is designed to update the reader on the latest advances and clinical aspects of prion diseases. The book is organized into five sections, including the pathophysiology of prions and a description of animal and human diseases. This is followed by detailed reports on recent advances in diagnosis strategies for the development of novel anti-prion molecules and possible designs of clinical trials in such a rare disease. An introductory chapter gives an extensive historical background of prion research, with a final chapter highlighting recent progress, and more importantly, unsolved problems. - Offers an authoritative overview of prion diseases in humans, detailing the pathogenesis of the disease, clinical investigations, and the diagnosis of both the genetic and acquired forms - Provides clarity and context by presenting prion diseases in relation to other neurodegenerative diseases in humans - Emphasizes the unique properties of prion diseases and consequent problems they can cause, both clinically and in public health terms
