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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Age factors in disease
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Age factors in disease
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on Aging
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aged people with visual disabilities
Languages : en
Pages : 70
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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309439981
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 587
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Book Description
The ability to see deeply affects how human beings perceive and interpret the world around them. For most people, eyesight is part of everyday communication, social activities, educational and professional pursuits, the care of others, and the maintenance of personal health, independence, and mobility. Functioning eyes and vision system can reduce an adult's risk of chronic health conditions, death, falls and injuries, social isolation, depression, and other psychological problems. In children, properly maintained eye and vision health contributes to a child's social development, academic achievement, and better health across the lifespan. The public generally recognizes its reliance on sight and fears its loss, but emphasis on eye and vision health, in general, has not been integrated into daily life to the same extent as other health promotion activities, such as teeth brushing; hand washing; physical and mental exercise; and various injury prevention behaviors. A larger population health approach is needed to engage a wide range of stakeholders in coordinated efforts that can sustain the scope of behavior change. The shaping of socioeconomic environments can eventually lead to new social norms that promote eye and vision health. Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative: Vision for Tomorrow proposes a new population-centered framework to guide action and coordination among various, and sometimes competing, stakeholders in pursuit of improved eye and vision health and health equity in the United States. Building on the momentum of previous public health efforts, this report also introduces a model for action that highlights different levels of prevention activities across a range of stakeholders and provides specific examples of how population health strategies can be translated into cohesive areas for action at federal, state, and local levels.
Author: Vanessa Shih
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
Background Visual disorders are estimated to affect about 3.6% of Americans by 2020. Vision impairment has a substantial impact on individuals functionally. Vision impairment is associated with many comorbidities, functional limitations, as well as higher caregiving needs. This study aims to assess the transition to self-reported vision impairment and the effect on an individual's functionality and ability to live independently. Methods The Health and Retirement Study is an ongoing, biennial survey of older Americans that collects an abundance of data on an individual's family, health, and financial circumstances. The explanatory variable of interest was a dichotomous variable of vision impaired or not vision impaired as defined by their self-reported vision status. Outcomes studied were functional limitations defined as difficulty performing activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), likelihood of move to nursing home, and both informal and formal caregiving needs. Descriptive univariate and bivariate statistics were performed to describe the demographics of the sample over the ten waves of data used, from 1995-2012. Multivariable logistic regressions controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, were performed to test the association between vision status and outcomes of interest for specific representative waves. Panel data methods of logistic regression were used to measure the association between a transition to impaired vision and the effect on functional limitations and nursing home residence while controlling for potential confounders and within-patient correlation. Specifically, mixed-effects logistic regressions with subject-level random-effects were conducted for the binary outcomes of nursing home residence, difficulty in performing at least one ADL, and difficulty in performing at least one IADL. Results The prevalence of overall vision impairment was, on average, about 6%. On average, about 5% and 7% of respondents had near and distal vision impairment, respectively. The overall prevalence of nursing home residence in our sample was approximately 2%. Prevalence of ADL and IADL limitations was stable across waves but ranged from 1%-20% for each of the six ADL and five IADL limitations. More respondents reported receiving informal caregiving versus formal caregiving; however the hours of caregiving received was similar for both formal and informal caregiving recipients. Multivariable logistic regression for three representative waves found numerically higher odds of a nursing home residence for vision impaired individuals compared to individuals with no vision impairment, though the difference was not significant. The odds ratios for 1998, 2006, and 2012 were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.84), 1.09 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.86), and 1.22 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.97), respectively. Significant associations were found between vision impairment and functional limitations. Using a similar approach, the odds ratio for difficulty performing at least one ADL was 2.57 (95% CI: 2.16, 3.05), 2.37 (95% CI: 1.97, 2.84), and 2.31 (95% CI: 1.92, 2.77) in 1998, 2006, and 2012, respectively. The odds ratios for difficulty performing at least one IADL was 3.78 (95% CI: 3.15, 4.53), 3.94 (95% CI: 3.26, 4.76), and 3.49 (95% CI: 2.89, 4.22) in 1998, 2006, and 2012, respectively. In the mixed-effects logistic regression of the total study panel, a transition from no vision impairment to vision impairment was significantly associated with 1.37 times higher odds of a nursing home residence (95% CI: 1.05, 1.78), a 2.96 times higher odds of difficulty performing at least one ADL (95% CI: 2.71, 3.24), and a 4.02 times higher odds of difficulty performing at least one IADL (95% CI: 3.70, 4.37), after controlling for confounders. Discussion We found the estimated prevalence of visual impairment and functional limitations within our sample, and the association between the two, to remain relatively stable over time. Additionally, we found an age-adjusted transition to self-reported vision impairment within an individual to have significant detrimental effects on the ability to live independently and perform ADLs and IADLs without difficulty. Thus, prevention of this transition can substantially impact an individual???s quality of life, and benefits derived from early detection and improved treatment of medical conditions that contribute to vision loss can have extensive value beyond simply improving vision.
Author: Marie Boltz, PhD, RN, GNP-BC, FGSA, FAAN
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
ISBN: 0826171672
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 751
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Book Description
This new edition of one of the premier references for geriatric nurses in hospital, long-term, and community settings delivers current guidelines, real-life case studies, and evidence-based protocols developed by master educators and practitioners. With a focus on improving quality of care, cost-effectiveness, and outcome, the fifth edition is updated to provide the most current information about care of common clinical conditions and issues in older patients. Several new expert contributors present current guidelines about hip fractures, frailty, perioperative and postoperative care, palliative care, and senior-friendly emergency departments. Additionally, chapters have been reorganized to enhance logical flow of content and easy information retrieval. Protocols, systematically tested by more than 300 participating NICHE (Nurses Improving Care for Health system Elders) hospitals‚ are organized in a consistent format and include an overview, evidence-based assessment and intervention strategies, and an illustrative case study with discussion. Additionally, protocols are embedded within chapter text, providing the context and detailed evidence for each. Chapter objectives, annotated references,and evidence ratings for each protocol are provided along with resources for additional study. New to the Fifth Edition: Reorganized to enhance logical flow of information and ease of use Updated and revised Includes new contributions from expert educators and practitioners Provides new chapters on perioperative and postoperative care, general surgical care, care of hip fracture, palliative care, and the senior-friendly emergency department Key Features: Includes PowerPoints and a test bank for instructors Delivers evidence-based, current guidelines and protocols for care of common clinical conditions in the older person Illustrates the application of clinical protocols to real-life practice through case studies and discussion Edited by nationally known geriatric leaders who are endorsed by the Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing and NICHE Written for nursing students, nurse leaders, and practitioners at all levels, including those in specialty roles
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on Aging
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Older people
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309439264
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
The loss of hearing - be it gradual or acute, mild or severe, present since birth or acquired in older age - can have significant effects on one's communication abilities, quality of life, social participation, and health. Despite this, many people with hearing loss do not seek or receive hearing health care. The reasons are numerous, complex, and often interconnected. For some, hearing health care is not affordable. For others, the appropriate services are difficult to access, or individuals do not know how or where to access them. Others may not want to deal with the stigma that they and society may associate with needing hearing health care and obtaining that care. Still others do not recognize they need hearing health care, as hearing loss is an invisible health condition that often worsens gradually over time. In the United States, an estimated 30 million individuals (12.7 percent of Americans ages 12 years or older) have hearing loss. Globally, hearing loss has been identified as the fifth leading cause of years lived with disability. Successful hearing health care enables individuals with hearing loss to have the freedom to communicate in their environments in ways that are culturally appropriate and that preserve their dignity and function. Hearing Health Care for Adults focuses on improving the accessibility and affordability of hearing health care for adults of all ages. This study examines the hearing health care system, with a focus on non-surgical technologies and services, and offers recommendations for improving access to, the affordability of, and the quality of hearing health care for adults of all ages.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309092965
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
Millions of Americans experience some degree of hearing loss. The Social Security Administration (SSA) operates programs that provide cash disability benefits to people with permanent impairments like hearing loss, if they can show that their impairments meet stringent SSA criteria and their earnings are below an SSA threshold. The National Research Council convened an expert committee at the request of the SSA to study the issues related to disability determination for people with hearing loss. This volume is the product of that study. Hearing Loss: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits reviews current knowledge about hearing loss and its measurement and treatment, and provides an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the current processes and criteria. It recommends changes to strengthen the disability determination process and ensure its reliability and fairness. The book addresses criteria for selection of pure tone and speech tests, guidelines for test administration, testing of hearing in noise, special issues related to testing children, and the difficulty of predicting work capacity from clinical hearing test results. It should be useful to audiologists, otolaryngologists, disability advocates, and others who are concerned with people who have hearing loss.
Author: C. S. Pitchumoni
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441916237
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 660
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Book Description
As aging trends in the United States and Europe in particular are strongly suggestive of increasingly older society, it would be prudent for health care providers to better prepare for such changes. By including physiology, disease, nutrition, pharmacology, pathology, radiology and other relevant associated topics, Geriatric Gastroenterology fills the void in the literature for a volume devoted specifically to gastrointestinal illness in the elderly. This unique volume includes provision of training for current and future generations of physicians to deal with the health problems of older adults. It will also serve as a comprehensive guide to practicing physicians for ease of reference. Relevant to the geriatric age group, the volume covers epidemiology, physiology of aging, gastrointestinal physiology, pharmacology, radiology, pathology, motility disorders, luminal disorders, hepato-biliary disease, systemic manifestations, neoplastic disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, cancer and medication related interactions and adverse events, all extremely common in older adults; these are often hard to evaluate and judge, especially considering the complex aging physiology. All have become important components of modern medicine. Special emphasis is be given to nutrition and related disorders. Capsule endoscopy and its utility in the geriatric population is also covered. Presented in simple, easy to read style, the volume includes numerous tables, figures and key points enabling ease of understanding. Chapters on imaging and pathology are profusely illustrated. All chapters are written by specialists and include up to date scientific information. Geriatric Gastroenterology is of great utility to residents in internal medicine, fellows in gastroenterology and geriatric medicine as well as gastroenterologists, geriatricians and practicing physicians including primary care physicians caring for older adults.
