Velocity Measurements for a Sonic Under-expanded Transverse Jet Injected Into a Supersonic Flow PDF Download
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Author: J. G. Santiago
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: J. G. Santiago
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Juan Gabriel Santiago
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
The design of a supersonic combustor which uses transverse jet injection into a supersonic flow (TJISF) as a means of fuel injection and mixing requires a fundamental understanding of these flows. Such knowledge may also serve studies of the thrust vector control of rocket nozzles, the cooling of nozzle walls, and jet reaction force prediction. The present investigation is a quantitative, experimental study of a single, sonic, underexpanded, transverse jet injected into a Mach 1.6 crossflow. The motivation for this research program is to improve the fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamic mechanisms and mixing processes in this flow. Schlieren/shadowgraph photography, surface flow visualization, and two-component, frequency pre-shifted laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) data have been obtained. Four LDV optical arrangements have been used to measure all three mean velocity components, five of the six kinematic Reynolds stresses, and the turbulent kinetic energy. The LDV system is equipped with a computer-controlled traverse system and has been used to provide velocity measurements at over 4,000 locations throughout the TJISF flowfield. The study focuses on the transverse, midline plane and two crossflow planes. The majority of the measurements in these planes has been made in the high gradient regions of the jet plume. Measurements of the mean and turbulent velocity fields helped resolve important issues in the study of the TJISF flowfield. These issues include the size and orientation of the recirculation regions upstream and downstream of the jet (including the horseshoe vortex just upstream of the jet); the structure and strength of the bow shock, barrel shock, and Mach disk; the structure, strength, and development of the kidney-shaped, counter-rotating vortex pair; the growth of the annular shear layer between the jet plume and the crossflow; the growth of the boundary layer beneath the jet plume; the Reynolds stress fields of the flow; the production of turbulent kinetic energy; and the degree of anisotropy of the turbulent stresses in this flow. In addition, the present study provides validation data for analytical and numerical predictions of the TJISF flowfield.
Author: Adam R. Pizzaia
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerodynamics, Supersonic
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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The primary investigation was to determine if mixing of a sonic transverse jet in the side-view plane was correlated to or equal to the mixing in the end-view plane. The analysis was conducted by imaging a sonic jet in a supersonic crossflow at jet momentum ratios of 1.2, 2.7, and 5.2. Because of the difficulty of placing a camera streamwise to a supersonic crossflow to obtain end view images, off axis imaging was carried out. Overall, the jets appear to be more symmetric when injected into the thin boundary layer than in the thick boundary layer. Centerline probability density functions in the end view plane were compared with probability density functions in the side view plane. The probability of finding unmixed fluid at the windward side of the jet was higher than finding unmixed fluid toward the center or near the orifice plane. Different paths other than those that fall on the mid planes were analyzed and compared in the end-view plane. The effect of the boundary layer thickness on the penetration and mixing of the sonic jet in supersonic flow was investigated.
Author: Mingbo Sun
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811360251
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Based on research into jets in supersonic crossflow carried out by the authors’ team over the past 15 years, this book summarizes and presents many cutting-edge findings and analyses on this subject. It tackles the complicated mixing process of gas jets and atomization process of liquid jets in supersonic crossflow, and studies their physical mechanisms. Advanced experimental and numerical techniques are applied to further readers’ understanding of atomization, mixing, and combustion of fuel jets in supersonic crossflow, which can promote superior fuel injection design in scramjet engines. The book offers a valuable reference guide for all researchers and engineers working on the design of scramjet engines, and will also benefit graduate students majoring in aeronautical and aerospace engineering.
Author: Gautam Choubey
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0323995667
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
Scramjet Combustion explores the development of a high-speed scramjet engine operating in the supersonic/hypersonic range for various air and space transport applications. The book explains the basic structure, components, working cycle, and the relevant governing equations in a clear manner that speaks to both advanced and more novice audiences. Particular attention is paid to efficient air–fuel combustion, looking at both the underlying fundamentals of combustion as well strategies for obtaining optimum combustion efficiency. Methods for reaching the chemically correct air–fuel ratio, subsequent flame, and combustion stabilization as air enters at supersonic speed are also outlined. Further, it includes the continuous on-going efforts, innovations, and advances with respect to the design modification of scramjet combustors, as well as different strategies of fuel injections for obtaining augmented performance while highlighting the current and future challenges. Outlines the fundamentals of scramjet engines including their basic structure and components, working cycle, governing equations, and combustion fundamentals affecting the combustion and mixing processes Presents new design modifications of scramjet combustors and different fuel injection strategies including combined fuel injection approaches Discusses core topics such as chemical kinetics in supersonic flow, fuel–air mixing methods, strategies for combating combustion difficulties, and subsequent flame and combustion stabilization that can be applied to scramjets Describes the pedagogy for computational approaches in simulating supersonic flows
Author: Center for Turbulence Research (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Turbulence
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Author: R. C. Orth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerodynamics, Supersonic
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mechanics, Applied
Languages : en
Pages : 592
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1638
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Author: United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 962
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