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Author: Galit A Sarfaty
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 0804782229
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
“Cogently analyzes the culture of the [World] Bank to explain successes and failures in the adoption of human rights norms . . . . Highly recommended.” —Choice The World Bank is the largest lender to developing countries, making loans worth over $20 billion per year to finance development projects around the globe. To guide its investments, the Bank has adopted a number of social and environmental policies, yet it has never instituted any overarching policy on human rights. Despite the potential human rights impact of Bank projects—the forced displacement of indigenous peoples resulting from a Bank-financed dam project, for example—the issue of human rights remains marginal in the Bank’s operational practices. Values in Translation analyzes the organizational culture of the World Bank and addresses the question of why it has not adopted a human rights framework. Academics and social advocates have typically focused on legal restrictions in the Bank’s Articles of Agreement. This work’s anthropological analysis sheds light on internal obstacles—including the employee incentive system and a clash of expertise between lawyers and economists over how to define human rights and justify their relevance to the Bank’s mission.
Author: Galit A Sarfaty
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN: 0804782229
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
“Cogently analyzes the culture of the [World] Bank to explain successes and failures in the adoption of human rights norms . . . . Highly recommended.” —Choice The World Bank is the largest lender to developing countries, making loans worth over $20 billion per year to finance development projects around the globe. To guide its investments, the Bank has adopted a number of social and environmental policies, yet it has never instituted any overarching policy on human rights. Despite the potential human rights impact of Bank projects—the forced displacement of indigenous peoples resulting from a Bank-financed dam project, for example—the issue of human rights remains marginal in the Bank’s operational practices. Values in Translation analyzes the organizational culture of the World Bank and addresses the question of why it has not adopted a human rights framework. Academics and social advocates have typically focused on legal restrictions in the Bank’s Articles of Agreement. This work’s anthropological analysis sheds light on internal obstacles—including the employee incentive system and a clash of expertise between lawyers and economists over how to define human rights and justify their relevance to the Bank’s mission.
Author: Piotr Blumczynski
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137549718
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
This collection explores the central importance of values and evaluative concepts in cross-cultural translational encounters. Written by a group of international scholars from a diverse range of linguistic and cultural backgrounds, the chapters in this book consider what it means to translate cultures by examining core values and their relationship to key evaluative concepts (such as authenticity, clarity, home, honour, or justice) and how they influence the complex multidimensional process of translation. This book will be of interest to academics studying cross-cultural and inter-linguistic interactions, to translators and interpreters, students of translation and of modern languages, and all those dealing with multilingual and multicultural settings.
Author: Andrew Chesterman
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027283095
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 228
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Book Description
Memes of Translation is a search for coherence in translation theory based on the notion of Memes: ideas that spread, develop and replicate, like genes. The author explores a wide range of ideas on translation, mapping the “meme pool” of translation theory with chapters on translation history, norms, strategies, assessment, ethics, and translator training. The aim of the book is to search for a perspective from which the immense variety of ideas about translation can be related. The unifying thread is the philosophy of Karl Popper. The book proposes the beginnings of a Popperian theory of translation, based on the fundamental concepts of norms, strategies, and values. A key idea is that a translation itself is a theory or hypothesis concerning the source text. This hypothesis is then subjected to testing, refinement, and perhaps even rejection, just like any other hypothesis.
Author: L. J. Menzies
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004490094
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 629
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Book Description
Translation Translation contributes to current debate on the question of translation dealt with in an interdisciplinary perspective, with implications not only of a theoretical order but also of the didactic and the practical orders. In the context of globalization the question of translation is fundamental for education and responds to new community needs with reference to Europe and more extensively to the international world. In its most obvious sense translation concerns verbal texts and their relations among different languages. However, to remain within the sphere of verbal signs, languages consist of a plurality of different languages that also relate to each other through translation processes. Moreover, translation occurs between verbal languages and nonverbal languages and among nonverbal languages without necessarily involving verbal languages. Thus far the allusion is to translation processes within the sphere of anthroposemiosis. But translation occurs among signs and the signs implicated are those of the semiosic sphere in its totality, which are not exclusively signs of the linguistic-verbal order. Beyond anthroposemiosis, translation is a fact of life and invests the entire biosphere or biosemiosphere, as clearly evidenced by research in “biosemiotics”, for where there is life there are signs, and where there are signs or semiosic processes there is translation, indeed semiosic processes are translation processes. According to this approach reflection on translation obviously cannot be restricted to the domain of linguistics but must necessarily involve semiotics, the general science or theory of signs. In this theoretical framework essays have been included not only from major translation experts, but also from researchers working in different areas, in addition to semiotics and linguistics, also philosophy, literary criticism, cultural studies, gender studies, biology, and the medical sciences. All scholars work on problems of translation in the light of their own special competencies and interests.
Author: Carol Maier
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317640845
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 237
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Book Description
The definition of value or quality with respect to work in translation has historically been a particularly vexed issue. Today, however, the growing demand for translations in such fields as technology and business and the increased scrutiny of translators' work by scholars in many disciplines is giving rise to a need for more nuanced, more specialized, and more explicit methods of determining value. Some refer to this determination as evaluation, others use the term assessment. Either way, the question is one of measurement and judgement, which are always unavoidably subjective and frequently rest on criteria that are not overtly expressed. This means that devising more complex evaluative practices involves not only quantitative techniques but also an exploration of the attitudes, preferences, or individual values on which criteria are established. Intended as an interrogation and a critique that can serve to prompt a more thorough and open consideration of evaluative criteria, this special issue of The Translator offers examinations of diverse evaluative practices and contains both empirical and hermeneutic work. Topics addressed include the evaluation of student translations using more up-to-date and positive methods such as those employed in corpus studies; the translation of non?standard language; translation into the second language; terminology; the application of theoretical criteria to practice; a social?textual perspective; and the reviewing of literary translations in the press. In addition, reviews by a number of literary translators discuss specific translations both into and out of English.
Author: Jirí Levý
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027224455
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 351
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Book Description
Jirí Levý's seminal work, The Art of Translation, considered a timeless classic in Translation Studies, is now available in English. Having drawn on adjacent disciplines, the methodology of Czech functional sociosemiotic structuralism and the state-of-the art in the West, Levý synthesized his findings and experience in the field presenting them in a reader-friendly book, which combines the approaches of a theoretician, systemic analyst, historian, critic, teacher, practitioner and populariser. Although focused on literary translation from theoretical, descriptive and historical perspectives, it presents a conceptualization of a general theory, addressing a number of issues discussed today. The 'practical' mission of the book as a theory extending to practice is based on the same historical-dialectic affinity of methods, norms, functions and values, accounting for the translator's agency and other contextual agents involved in the communication process. The book will be useful to translators, researchers, students and teachers in Translation and Literary Studies.
Author: Carol Maier
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317640837
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 249
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Book Description
The definition of value or quality with respect to work in translation has historically been a particularly vexed issue. Today, however, the growing demand for translations in such fields as technology and business and the increased scrutiny of translators' work by scholars in many disciplines is giving rise to a need for more nuanced, more specialized, and more explicit methods of determining value. Some refer to this determination as evaluation, others use the term assessment. Either way, the question is one of measurement and judgement, which are always unavoidably subjective and frequently rest on criteria that are not overtly expressed. This means that devising more complex evaluative practices involves not only quantitative techniques but also an exploration of the attitudes, preferences, or individual values on which criteria are established. Intended as an interrogation and a critique that can serve to prompt a more thorough and open consideration of evaluative criteria, this special issue of The Translator offers examinations of diverse evaluative practices and contains both empirical and hermeneutic work. Topics addressed include the evaluation of student translations using more up-to-date and positive methods such as those employed in corpus studies; the translation of non?standard language; translation into the second language; terminology; the application of theoretical criteria to practice; a social?textual perspective; and the reviewing of literary translations in the press. In addition, reviews by a number of literary translators discuss specific translations both into and out of English.
Author: Yves Gambier
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN: 9027262969
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
What do people think of translation in the different historical, cultural and linguistic traditions of the world? How many uses has translation been put to? How distant from one another are the concepts of translation found in the different traditions? These are some of the questions A World Atlas of Translation addresses. Its twenty-one reports give us pictures taken from the inside, both from traditions that are well represented in the literature and from the many that (for now) are not. But the Atlas is not content with documenting – no map is this innocent. In fact, the wealth of information collected and made accessible by its reporters can be useful to gauge the dispersion of translation concepts across traditions. As you read its reports, the Atlas will keep asking “How far apart do these concepts look to you?” Finally and more ambitiously, the reports can help us test the hypothesis that a cross-cultural notion of translation exists. In this respect, the Atlas is mostly a proof of concept. It hopes to encourage further fact-based research in quest of a robust and compelling unifying notion of translation.
Author: Christina Schäffner
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
ISBN: 9781853594380
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Whether the judgements translators of different language works make are normative and somehow wrapped up in societal values that change with time or social positioning is the subject of these contributions. Two main contributions from English and Israeli scholars are presented which argue that the concept of norms should be the primary analytical tool for understanding everything from the choices of words to regularly appearing patterns in writing. Seven brief responses and counter-responses follow. Also included are the transcripts of two debates on the topic. Distributed by Taylor and Francis. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
