Validity of Cubic Law for Fluid Flow in a Deformable Rock Fracture. Technical Information Report PDF Download
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Languages : en
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The validity of the cubic law for laminar flow of fluids through open fractures consisting of parallel planar plates has been established by others over a wide range of conditions with apertures ranging down to a minimum of 0.2 .mu.m. The law may be given in simplified form by Q/.delta.h = C(2b)3, where Q is the flow rate, .delta.h is the difference in hydraulic head, C is a constant that depends on the flow geometry and fluid properties, and 2b is the fracture aperture. The validity of this law for flow in a closed fracture where the surfaces are in contact and the aperture is being decreased under stress has been investigated at room temperature using homogeneous samples of granite, basalt, and marble. Tension fractures were artifically induced and the laboratory setup used radial as well as straight flow geometries. Apertures ranged from 250 .mu.m down to 4 .mu.m. The cubic law was found to be valid whether the fracture surfaces were held open or were being closed under stress, and the results are not dependent on rock type. Permeability was uniquely defined by fracture aperture and was independent of the stress history used in these investigations. The effects of deviations from the ideal parallel plate concept only cause an apparent reduction in flow and may be incorporated into the cubic law by replacing C by C/f. The factor f varied from 1.04 to 1.65 in these investigations. The model of a fracture that is being closed under normal stress is visualized as being controlled by the strength of the asperities that are in contact. These contact areas are able to withstand significant stresses while maintaining space for fluids to continue to flow as the fracture aperture decreases. The controlling factor is the magnitude of the aperture and since flow depends on (2b)3, a slight change in aperture evidently can easily dominate any other change in the geometry of the flow field.
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Languages : en
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The validity of the cubic law for laminar flow of fluids through open fractures consisting of parallel planar plates has been established by others over a wide range of conditions with apertures ranging down to a minimum of 0.2 .mu.m. The law may be given in simplified form by Q/.delta.h = C(2b)3, where Q is the flow rate, .delta.h is the difference in hydraulic head, C is a constant that depends on the flow geometry and fluid properties, and 2b is the fracture aperture. The validity of this law for flow in a closed fracture where the surfaces are in contact and the aperture is being decreased under stress has been investigated at room temperature using homogeneous samples of granite, basalt, and marble. Tension fractures were artifically induced and the laboratory setup used radial as well as straight flow geometries. Apertures ranged from 250 .mu.m down to 4 .mu.m. The cubic law was found to be valid whether the fracture surfaces were held open or were being closed under stress, and the results are not dependent on rock type. Permeability was uniquely defined by fracture aperture and was independent of the stress history used in these investigations. The effects of deviations from the ideal parallel plate concept only cause an apparent reduction in flow and may be incorporated into the cubic law by replacing C by C/f. The factor f varied from 1.04 to 1.65 in these investigations. The model of a fracture that is being closed under normal stress is visualized as being controlled by the strength of the asperities that are in contact. These contact areas are able to withstand significant stresses while maintaining space for fluids to continue to flow as the fracture aperture decreases. The controlling factor is the magnitude of the aperture and since flow depends on (2b)3, a slight change in aperture evidently can easily dominate any other change in the geometry of the flow field.
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Languages : en
Pages : 28
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![Validity of Cubic Law for Fluid Flow in a Beformable [deformable] Rock Fracture PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/4hVXswEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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Category : Laminar flow
Languages : en
Pages :
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Category : Radioactive waste disposal
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 1474
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Author: Hans-Joachim Kümpel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783764302535
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 364
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Book Description
The supply and protection of groundwater, the production of hydrocarbon reservoirs, land subsidence in coastal areas, exploitation of geothermal energy, the long-term disposal of critical wastes ... What do these issues have in common besides their high socio-economic impact? They are all closely related to fluid flow in porous and/or fractured rock. As the conditions of fluid flow in many cases depend on the mechanical behavior of rocks, coupling between the liquid phase and the rock matrix can generally not be neglected. For the past five years or so, studies of rock physics and rock mechanics linked to coupling phenomena have received increased attention. In recognition of this, a Euroconference on thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling in fractured rock was held at Bad Honnef, Germany, in November 2000. Most of the twenty papers collected in this volume were presented at this meeting. The contributions lead to deeper insight in processes where such coupling is relevant.
Author: Nick Barton
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9789061911098
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 844
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Book Description
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Rock Joints held at Loen, Norway, June 1990. Subjects include geological aspects of joint origin and morphology, mechanical behaviour such as shear strength, hydraulic behaviour, and dynamic behaviour.
Author: Richard E. Jackson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108615813
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 479
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Book Description
This carefully targeted and rigorous new textbook introduces engineering students to the fundamental principles of applied Earth science, highlighting how modern soil and rock mechanics, geomorphology, hydrogeology, seismology and environmental geochemistry affect geotechnical and environmental practice. Key geological topics of engineering relevance including soils and sediments, rocks, groundwater, and geologic hazards are presented in an accessible and engaging way. A broad range of international case studies add real-world context, and demonstrate practical applications in field and laboratory settings to guide site characterization. End-of-chapter problems are included for self-study and evaluation, and supplementary online materials include electronic figures, additional examples, solutions, and guidance on useful software. Featuring a detailed glossary introducing key terminology, this text requires no prior geological training and is essential reading for senior undergraduate or graduate students in civil, geological, geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. It is also a useful reference and bridge for Earth science graduates embarking on engineering geology courses.
Author: Knut-Andreas Lie
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316519961
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 625
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Book Description
Presents advanced reservoir simulation methods used in the widely-used MRST open-source software for researchers, professionals, students.
Author: Chin-Fu Tsang
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323142400
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 816
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Book Description
Coupled Processes Associated with Nuclear Waste Repositories covers the proceedings of the 1985 International Symposium on Coupled Processes Associated with Nuclear Waste Repositories. The study of the behavior of geologic waste repositories is based on the coupled thermal, hydrologic, chemical, and mechanical processes that may occur in these systems. The symposium is sponsored by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the U.S. Department of Energy, in collaboration with the Nuclear Energy Authority in Paris and the Commission of the European Communities in Brussels. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 58 chapters. The introductory parts survey the concerns and interests from American and European agencies that have responsibilities in nuclear waste isolation research. These parts also provide overviews of coupled processes, with a particular emphasis on hydrology, geomechanics, and geochemistry. These topics are followed by summaries of major field projects on nuclear waste repositories in the U.S.A., France, Sweden, Canada, Belgium, and Switzerland. The fourth part covers considerable research results from topical studies of particular coupled processes. The concluding part provides the comments and discussion of various international researchers on the subject. This work will be of value to geology, hydrology, chemistry, thermodynamics, and rock mechanics students and researchers.
