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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The gas inventory of the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U) must be carefully controlled, if it is to successfully create various plasma configurations for thermal-barrier experiments designed to provide an improved performance for tandem-mirror experiments. This paper is a progress report on the calibration methods and pressure measurements of machine conditions deriving from recently improved neutral-beam gas control, and changes to the internal baffling geometry and the gettering system.
Vacuum Measurements on the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U) Fusion Experiment
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The gas inventory of the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U) must be carefully controlled, if it is to successfully create various plasma configurations for thermal-barrier experiments designed to provide an improved performance for tandem-mirror experiments. This paper is a progress report on the calibration methods and pressure measurements of machine conditions deriving from recently improved neutral-beam gas control, and changes to the internal baffling geometry and the gettering system.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The gas inventory of the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U) must be carefully controlled, if it is to successfully create various plasma configurations for thermal-barrier experiments designed to provide an improved performance for tandem-mirror experiments. This paper is a progress report on the calibration methods and pressure measurements of machine conditions deriving from recently improved neutral-beam gas control, and changes to the internal baffling geometry and the gettering system.
LLNL Tandem Mirror Experiment (TMX) Upgrade Vacuum System
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
TMX Upgrade is a large, tandem, magnetic-mirror fusion experiment with stringent requirements on base pressure (10−8 torr), low H reflux from the first walls, and peak gas pressure (5 x 10−7 torr) due to neutral beam gas during plasma operation. The 225 m3 vacuum vessel is initially evacuated by turbopumps. Cryopumps provide a continuous sink for gases other than helium, deuterium, and hydrogen. The neutral beam system introduces up to 480 l/s of H or D. The hydrogen isotopes are pumped at very high speed by titanium sublimed onto two cylindrical radially separated stainless steel quilted liners with a total surface area of 540 m2. These surfaces (when cooled to about 80°K) provide a pumping speed of 6 x 107 l/s for hydrogen. The titanium getter system is programmable and is used for heating as well as gettering. The inner plasma liner can be operated at elevated temperatures to enhance migration of gases away from the surfaces close to the plasma. Glow discharge cleaning is part of the pumpdown procedure. The design features are discussed in conjunction with the operating procedures developed to manage the dynamic vacuum conditions.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
TMX Upgrade is a large, tandem, magnetic-mirror fusion experiment with stringent requirements on base pressure (10−8 torr), low H reflux from the first walls, and peak gas pressure (5 x 10−7 torr) due to neutral beam gas during plasma operation. The 225 m3 vacuum vessel is initially evacuated by turbopumps. Cryopumps provide a continuous sink for gases other than helium, deuterium, and hydrogen. The neutral beam system introduces up to 480 l/s of H or D. The hydrogen isotopes are pumped at very high speed by titanium sublimed onto two cylindrical radially separated stainless steel quilted liners with a total surface area of 540 m2. These surfaces (when cooled to about 80°K) provide a pumping speed of 6 x 107 l/s for hydrogen. The titanium getter system is programmable and is used for heating as well as gettering. The inner plasma liner can be operated at elevated temperatures to enhance migration of gases away from the surfaces close to the plasma. Glow discharge cleaning is part of the pumpdown procedure. The design features are discussed in conjunction with the operating procedures developed to manage the dynamic vacuum conditions.
Fusion Energy Update
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Controlled fusion
Languages : en
Pages : 160
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Controlled fusion
Languages : en
Pages : 160
Book Description
Fast Pressure Measurements for the TMX-U Fusion Experiment
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The pressure on the boundary of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's (LLNL) tandem mirror (TMX-U) plasma experiment is difficult to trace for several reasons: (1) the TMX-U boundary is in the high vacuum range (10−5 to 10−6 Pa) and requires an ionization gauge; (2) the boundary includes high-energy neutral particles and radiation, so the gauge must be optically baffled from the plasma; (3) the gauge must be shielded from the magnetic flux density of 0.03 T; (4) maximum conductance to the gauge must be preserved so that the time response remains about 1 ms; (5) a fast electrical circuit is required to measure the small ion-current changes at a rate consistent with the geometrical and experimental time constant of 1 ms. We have developed solutions to these limitations, including fast ionization gauge (FIG) circuitry for the remote gauge operation and the CAMAC system for recording the pressure-time history in the TMX-U computer data base. We also give some examples of actual fast pressure histories during plasma operation.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The pressure on the boundary of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's (LLNL) tandem mirror (TMX-U) plasma experiment is difficult to trace for several reasons: (1) the TMX-U boundary is in the high vacuum range (10−5 to 10−6 Pa) and requires an ionization gauge; (2) the boundary includes high-energy neutral particles and radiation, so the gauge must be optically baffled from the plasma; (3) the gauge must be shielded from the magnetic flux density of 0.03 T; (4) maximum conductance to the gauge must be preserved so that the time response remains about 1 ms; (5) a fast electrical circuit is required to measure the small ion-current changes at a rate consistent with the geometrical and experimental time constant of 1 ms. We have developed solutions to these limitations, including fast ionization gauge (FIG) circuitry for the remote gauge operation and the CAMAC system for recording the pressure-time history in the TMX-U computer data base. We also give some examples of actual fast pressure histories during plasma operation.
Energy Research Abstracts
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 876
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 876
Book Description
ERDA Energy Research Abstracts
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ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 974
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 974
Book Description
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
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ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 1148
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 1148
Book Description
Energy Research Abstracts
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ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 644
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 644
Book Description
Physics Briefs
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Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 770
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 770
Book Description
Government Reports Annual Index: Keyword A-L
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ISBN:
Category : Government reports announcements & index
Languages : en
Pages : 1164
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government reports announcements & index
Languages : en
Pages : 1164
Book Description