Understanding Female Collegiate Athletes' Intentions to Consume Sports Supplements PDF Download
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Author: Jeff Michael Housman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The Dietary Supplements Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 made safety and efficacy testing of dietary supplements the responsibility of the consumer. Currently, there exists little data on safety and efficacy of supplements, and there is virtually no data regarding safety and efficacy of supplements in individuals under the age of 18 years. Sales indices suggest sports supplement consumption continues to increase among young athletes, and research indicates young athletes have become the key target for marketing. Additionally, pressures to achieve greater athletic performance or an ideal body image are strong motivators for young athletes. These factors create an environment in which adolescents are likely to consume dangerous sports supplements without being aware of risks associated with supplements. This study was conducted as an attempt to understand factors that motivate young athletes to consume sports supplements. The sample for this study consisted of 207 female collegiate athletes participating in basketball, soccer, cross country, volleyball, and swimming during the 2005-2006 NCAA season. A survey instrument containing four scales measured participants' behavioral intention, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control regarding the consumption of sports supplements. Behavioral intention, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) components that, in theory, measure an individual's internal motivations for performance of a behavior. The dependent variable was defined as the intention to consume sports supplements (Behavioral Intention), and attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were predictor variables. Findings from this study revealed a poor fit for the TPB measurement model. However, the components of the TPB were able to explain 61% of variance in behavioral intention. Additionally, subjective norms were the strongest predictor and perceived behavioral control the weakest. Furthermore, the average female collegiate athlete did not regularly consume sports supplements. Participants claiming to use sports supplements regularly indicated weight loss and gain, fat loss and looking better as primary motivations for consumption. Results indicated the TPB was able to explain a considerable amount of variance in intention to consume sports supplements with body image concerns being primary motivators.
Author: Jeff Michael Housman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The Dietary Supplements Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 made safety and efficacy testing of dietary supplements the responsibility of the consumer. Currently, there exists little data on safety and efficacy of supplements, and there is virtually no data regarding safety and efficacy of supplements in individuals under the age of 18 years. Sales indices suggest sports supplement consumption continues to increase among young athletes, and research indicates young athletes have become the key target for marketing. Additionally, pressures to achieve greater athletic performance or an ideal body image are strong motivators for young athletes. These factors create an environment in which adolescents are likely to consume dangerous sports supplements without being aware of risks associated with supplements. This study was conducted as an attempt to understand factors that motivate young athletes to consume sports supplements. The sample for this study consisted of 207 female collegiate athletes participating in basketball, soccer, cross country, volleyball, and swimming during the 2005-2006 NCAA season. A survey instrument containing four scales measured participants' behavioral intention, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control regarding the consumption of sports supplements. Behavioral intention, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) components that, in theory, measure an individual's internal motivations for performance of a behavior. The dependent variable was defined as the intention to consume sports supplements (Behavioral Intention), and attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control were predictor variables. Findings from this study revealed a poor fit for the TPB measurement model. However, the components of the TPB were able to explain 61% of variance in behavioral intention. Additionally, subjective norms were the strongest predictor and perceived behavioral control the weakest. Furthermore, the average female collegiate athlete did not regularly consume sports supplements. Participants claiming to use sports supplements regularly indicated weight loss and gain, fat loss and looking better as primary motivations for consumption. Results indicated the TPB was able to explain a considerable amount of variance in intention to consume sports supplements with body image concerns being primary motivators.
Author: Human Kinetics
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780736046152
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In this interactive online course you will learn about the process for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements. You'll learn the advantages and disadvantages of using dietary supplements and explain these to the athletes with whom you work.In this course, you'll work with two certified athletic trainers and a registered dietician. They'll help you answer questions from several high school and collegiate athletes who are considering using dietary supplements. You'll also spend time at an athletic event and working in an orthopedic clinic.The focus of this course is trained athletes. However, Unit 6 is devoted to recreational athletes. There is more supplement research conducted on highly trained athletes than on recreational athletes. Because training is an important variable, results from studies in highly trained athletes should not be extrapolated to recreational athletes.After reading a short article about each supplement, you'll be able to identify the active ingredient(s), describe the physiological mechanisms, and summarize the scientific research for each of the dietary supplements that the athletes inquire about. You'll determine the type of athlete whose performance will benefit or be harmed by the supplement. You'll learn to recognize the recommended dosage and protocol and you'll be able to outline the potential side effects associated with dietary supplements.Eleven supplements are covered in this course. Three of the supplements (androstenedione, DHEA, and ephedra) are not found in food. Three others (creatine, chromium, and pyruvate) are found in food but the dose of the supplement is not adjusted based on the amount a person might obtain from food. The remaining five (protein, calcium, iron, vitamin C, and vitamin E) are found in food and the amounts contained in food should be considered. A dietary analysis is a helpful tool to estimate the amount of nutrients an athlete currently consumes through diet. The Food Guide Pyramid, although less accurate than a dietary analysis, can be used to identify potential nutrient deficiencies. Its use with a recreational athlete is illustrated in Unit 6.The prerequisite knowledge that will enable you to take full advantage of this course includes: -Understanding of the scientific method-Understanding of the physiological processes of digestion, absorption, and metabolism, the basic principles of energy systems and the substrates involved, and the anabolism and catabolism of muscle and adipose tissues-Understanding the basic principles of nutrition, including the role of calories, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water-Understanding of exercise physiology principles related to intensity and duration of exercise-All competencies listed on pages 59-63 of the NATA's Athletic Training Educational CompetenciesUnit 1: Evaluating Dietary SupplementsYou'll work with Mike and learn how to help a collegiate football player trying to increase his muscle mass and lose body fat in the offseason. You'll learn a process to help the athletes you work with to make informed decisions about dietary supplements. By the end of this unit, you'll understand the role of the certified athletic trainer in helping athletes evaluate dietary supplements, the ethical issues associated with this process, and the risk/benefit ratio associated with the use of dietary supplements.Unit 2: Regulations Governing Dietary SupplementsYou'll meet with Jackie Beckman, a registered dietitian, and learn how the Food and Drug Administration regulates dietary supplements. Jackie will explain the terms used to describe dietary supplements. You'll learn how to interpret the Supplement Facts and the Principal Display Panel on Dietary supplements labels. The NCAA bylaws on nutritional supplements are discussed. You'll learn how to calculate the percentage of protein contained in an energy bar and determine whether or not the product is permissible under the NCAA bylaws. Jackie explains how manufacturing procedures may contaminate dietary supplements.Unit 3: Creatine MonohydrateYou'll work with the football player, a wrestler, and a female distance swimmer, who are considering taking creatine supplements to have more energy available to fuel their exercise. You'll discuss creatine monohydrate with these athletes and explain the scientific research, chemical mechanism, dosage, and potential side effects. You'll judge the safety and effectiveness of this dietary supplement. You'll also help these athletes to understand the type of athlete who may benefit from this supplement.Unit 4: Supplements to Build Muscle and Increase StrengthYou'll begin this unit by reviewing the mechanisms for increasing muscle size and strength. After that, you'll work with a shot putter and discuss the scientific research, chemical mechanism, dosage, and potential side effects associated with protein, androstenedione, DHEA, and chromium picolinate. You'll judge the safety and effectiveness of these dietary supplements. You'll also help this athlete to understand the type of athlete who may benefit from this supplement.Unit 5: Supplements to Lose Body FatYou'll discuss using pyruvate, ephedra, and fat burning supplements with a high school swimmer and his parents. As you discuss these supplements, you'll begin by reviewing the mechanisms for decreasing body fat. Then, you'll explain the scientific research, chemical mechanism, dosage, and potential side effects. You'll judge the safety and effectiveness of these dietary supplements. You'll also help this athlete to understand the type of athlete who may benefit from these supplements.Unit 6: Supplements to improve a poor dietary intakeSupplements to improve a poor dietary intake will be the focus of your conversations with a recreational tennis player. Your first step will be determining whether or not the athlete's current diet is lacking in nutrients. You'll explain the scientific research, chemical mechanism, dosage, and potential side effects associated with calcium, iron, vitamin C, and vitamin E. You'll judge the safety and effectiveness of these dietary supplements. You'll also help this recreational athlete to understand the type of athlete who may benefit from these supplements.Finally, you'll take an exam over the process of evaluating the safety and effectiveness of and making recommendations to athletes about the use of dietary supplements.Visit www.hkeducationcenter.com to begin!System RequirementsThis course is designed to work best when your computer and Internet browser are configured to the following technical requirements and setup specifications: -Internet Explorer 5.5+ (5.1+ Mac), Netscape Navigator 7.1+, Mozilla 1.7+, or Firefox 1.0+. -Computer monitor preferences set for 800 X 600 resolution or larger. -Macromedia Flash plug-in version 6+. To download the free Flash plug-in, click on the button below. -Adobe Reader version 5+. To download Acrobat Reader, click on the button below. -Browser pop-up blockers disabled.
Author: Kimberly Mueller
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 0736093699
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 304
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Book Description
The Athlete's Guide to Sports Supplements is for athletes, coaches, and trainers seeking information on safe and legal performance-focused supplements. Listed alphabetically, each of the 120 supplements has a detailed description of what it is and how it works, facts on performance benefits, current research, recommended dosages, and health concerns.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 756
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Author: Mike Perko
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780787298302
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 94
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Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030917323X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
The model for risk assessment of nutrients used to develop tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) is one of the key elements of the developing framework for Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). DRIs are dietary reference values for the intake of nutrients and food components by Americans and Canadians. The U.S. National Academy of Sciences recently released two reports in the series (IOM, 1997, 1998). The overall project is a comprehensive effort undertaken by the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI Committee) of the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB), Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences in the United States, with active involvement of Health Canada. The DRI project is the result of significant discussion from 1991 to 1996 by the FNB regarding how to approach the growing concern that one set of quantitative estimates of recommended intakes, the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), was scientifically inappropriate to be used as the basis for many of the uses to which it had come to be applied.
Author: Mike Greenwood
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1597452319
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 538
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Book Description
In the ever-growing field of sports nutrition and nutritional supplementation, it is imperative to have a comprehensive and extensive guide, which is exactly what Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise provides. The editors and authors have skillfully structured their research and findings as they deliver an accessible wealth of knowledge to the general population, while also maintaining academic and professional integrity through quality based and advanced scientific research, which renders it useful in the professional environment by sports nutritionists, exercise physiologists, strength and conditioning/personal trainers, athletic trainers, registered dietitians, college/ professional sports affiliates, and academic programs. Not only does Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise significantly cover the physical aspects of supplement usage, but it also expands its breadth as it notes the psychological effects upon users and discusses its various governmental regulations, and attempts to understand the future of nutritional supplements as the industry continues its likely growth. Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise covers a timely subject, and offers interested readers knowledgeable insight into a rising industry plagued by concerns and question.
Author: Sarah Osterman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369568264
Category : College athletes
Languages : en
Pages : 55
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Book Description
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore questions and information needs of National Collegiate Athlete Association (NCAA) Division I collegiate athletes that could be addressed by reputable health professionals, like sports dietitians. A secondary aim focuses on identifying if the type of information prioritized by NCAA collegiate athletes is related to athlete gender, sport-type, or self-perceived knowledge level of supplement safety. A mixed methods approach was used. Many studies have been conducted to observe trends in collegiate athlete supplement consumption, motivations for consumption, supplement information sources and supplement safety; however, there is a lack of research concerning the health professional-provided education needs among athletes. Using data from a previous study, athlete responses were read and coded independently into 6 major categories by two researchers. A chi-square analysis was conducted to determine if there was a significant relationship between desired type of information and gender, sport-type and self-perceived knowledge of dietary supplement safety (p
Author: Kimberly Mueller
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781492595991
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 347
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Book Description
Author: Louise Burke
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781317678601
Category : Dietary supplements
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
