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Author: Vasant Sadashio Rao Khokle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Distinctive features (Linguistics)
Languages : en
Pages : 518
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Book Description
Author: Vasant Sadashio Rao Khokle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Distinctive features (Linguistics)
Languages : en
Pages : 518
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: V. S. Khokle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Distinctive features (Linguistics)
Languages : en
Pages : 522
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Book Description
Author: T. Alan Hall
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110886677
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
This volume consists of nine articles dealing with topics in distinctive feature theory in various typologically diverse languages, including Acehnese, Afrikaans, Basque, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Japanese, Korean, Navajo, Portuguese, Tahltan, Terena, Tswana, Tuvan, and Zoque. The subjects dealt with in the book include feature geometry, underspecification (in rule-based and in Opti-mality Theoretic treatments) and the phonetic implementation of phonological features. Other topics include laryngeal features (e.g. [voice], [spread glottis], [nasal]), and place features for consonants and vowels. The volume will be of interest to all linguists and advanced students of linguistics working on feature theory and/or the phonetics-phonology interface.
Author: Wang Rui
Publisher: Stanford University
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 99
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Book Description
How the human brain processes phonemes has been a subject of interest for linguists and neuroscientists for a long time. Electroencephalography (EEG) offers a promising approach to observe neural activities of phoneme processing in the brain, thanks to its high temporal resolution, low cost and noninvasiveness. The studies on Mismatch Negativity (MMN) effects in EEG activities in the 1990s suggested the existence of a language-specific central phoneme representation in the brain. Recent findings using magnetoencephalograph (MEG) also suggested that the brain encodes the complex acoustic-phonetic information of speech into the representations of phonological features before the lexical information is retrieved. However, very little success has yet been reported in classifying the brain activities associated with phoneme processing. In my work, I proposed a classification framework which incorporates Principal Components Analysis (PCA), cross-validation and support vector machine (SVM) methods. The initial classification rates were not very good. Progress was made by using bootstrap aggregation (Bagging) scheme and introducing phase calculations. To calculate phase, I computed the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of the original time-domain signal and kept the angles of the finite sample of frequencies. The resulting EEG spectral representation contains only the phase and frequency information and ignores the amplitudes. Using this method, the accurate rate of classifying averaged test samples of eight consonants improved from 41% to 51%. Furthermore, the qualitative analysis of the similarities between the EEG representations, derived from the confusion matrices, illustrates the invariance of brain and perceptual representation of phonemes. For brain and perceptual representation of consonants, voicing is the most distinguishable feature among voicing, continuant and place of articulation. And the feature vowel-height is more robust than vowel-backness in both brain and perceptual representation of vowels. By extending and further refining these methods, it is likely significant classification of other phonemes and features can be made.
Author: Jeff Mielke
Publisher: Oxford Studies in Typology and
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
This book makes a fundamental contribution to phonology, linguistic typology, and the nature of the human language faculty. Distinctive features in phonology distinguish one meaningful sound from another. Since the mid-twentieth century they have been seen as a set characterizing all possible phonological distinctions and as an integral part of Universal Grammar, the innate language faculty underlying successive versions of Chomskyan generative theory. The usefulness of distinctive features in phonological analysis is uncontroversial, but the supposition that features are innate and universal rather than learned and language-specific has never, until now, been systematically tested. In his pioneering account Jeff Mielke presents the results of a crosslinguistic survey of natural classes of distinctive features covering almost six hundred of the world's languages drawn from a variety of different families. He shows that no theory is able to characterize more than 71 percent of classes, and further that current theories, deployed either singly or collectively, do not predict the range of classes that occur and recur. He reveals the existence of apparently unnatural classes in many languages. Even without these findings, he argues, there are reasons to doubt whether distinctive features are innate: for example, distinctive features used in signed languages are different from those in spoken languages, even though deafness is generally not hereditary. The author explains the grouping of sounds into classes and concludes by offering a unified account of what previously have been considered to be natural and unnatural classes. The data on which the analysis is based are freely available in a program downloadable from the publisher's web site.
Author: Jeff Mielke
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199207917
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 299
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Book Description
"The Emergence of Distinctive Features will be of essential interest to phonologists and typologists, as well as to syntacticians, cognitive scientists, and scholars outside linguistics interested in the nature of language and its acquisition."--BOOK JACKET.
Author: Marc van Oostendorp
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 140518423X
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 3183
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Book Description
Available online or as a five-volume print set, The Blackwell Companion to Phonology is a major reference work drawing together 124 new contributions from leading international scholars in the field. It will be indispensable to students and researchers in the field for years to come. Key Features: Full explorations of all the most important ideas and key developments in the field Documents major insights into human language gathered by phonologists in past decades; highlights interdisciplinary connections, such as the social and computational sciences; and examines statistical and experimental techniques Offers an overview of theoretical positions and ongoing debates within phonology at the beginning of the twenty-first century An extensive reference work based on the best and most recent scholarly research – ideal for advanced undergraduates through to faculty and researchers Publishing simultaneously in print and online; visit www.companiontophonology.com for full details Additional features of the online edition (ISBN: 978-1-4443-3526-2): Powerful searching, browsing, and cross-referencing capabilities, including Open URL linking, with all entries classified by key topic, subject, place, people, and period For those institutions already subscribing to Blackwell Reference Online, it offers fully integrated and searchable content with the comprehensive Handbooks in Linguistics series
Author: Arthur Brakel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Author: Wolfgang Kehrein
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110911639
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
This monograph contains two detailed case studies dealing with the phonetics and phonology of affricates and laryngeals. Based on a survey of 281 languages it states a number of universal generalizations which go counter to common assumptions in the phonological and phonetic literature. Most importantly, (1) a phonological concept >affricate Based on the empirical findings the book addresses a number of theoretical issues as, e.g., the interaction of phonetics and phonology, or questions of phonological representation. It is claimed that phonetics fulfills important functions with regard to phonology: 'affrication' and laryngeal phasings (e.g. pre- vs. postaspiration) are presented as purely phonetic strategies which serve to make phonological specifications acoustically more salient. Finally, two revisions to current models of feature theory are proposed, both of which lead to a leaner structure of phonological segments: first, stricture contours are eliminated from phonological representation; second, the 'Laryngeal Node' is attached directly to onsets, nuclei, and codas. Die Monographie enthält zwei Einzelstudien zur Phonologie und Phonetik von Affrikaten und Laryngalen aus insgesamt 281 Sprachen. Die empirischen Ergebnisse widerlegen eine Reihe gängiger Lehrmeinungen, z.B.: (1) Affrikaten sind phonologisch ausschließlich Plosive, (2) Laryngale sind Eigenschaften prosodischer Domänen (Anlaut, Nukleus, Koda), (3) Phonetische Strategien (Affrikatisierung, laryngale Phasierung) dienen der akustischen Verstärkung phonologischer Kontraste. Auf theoretischer Ebene werden Fragen der phonologischen Repräsentation (Merkmalskonturen, prososodische Lizensierung etc.) sowie der Schnittstelle von Phonologie und Phonetik diskutiert.
Author: John A. Goldsmith
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1405157682
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 979
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Book Description
The Handbook of Phonological Theory, second edition offers an innovative and detailed examination of recent developments in phonology, and the implications of these within linguistic theory and related disciplines. Revised from the ground-up for the second edition, the book is comprised almost entirely of newly-written and previously unpublished chapters Addresses the important questions in the field including learnability, phonological interfaces, tone, and variation, and assesses the findings and accomplishments in these domains Brings together a renowned and international contributor team Offers new and unique reflections on the advances in phonological theory since publication of the first edition in 1995 Along with the first edition, still in publication, it forms the most complete and current overview of the subject in print
