Author: Karina V. Korostelina
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351984276
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
Professor Karina V. Korostelina presents insights into the "Trump effect" and explains how the support for Trump among the American general public is based on three complementary pillars. First, Trump champions a specific conception of American national identity that empowers his supporters. Second, Trump's leadership has, to an extent, been crafted from his ability to recognize where and with whom he can get the most return on his investment (e.g. his political comments) and address the perceived general malaise in the U.S. Trump also mirrors the emotions of a disenfranchised American public, and inspires the use of frustration based anger and insults to achieve desired aims. He addresses the public’s intolerance of uncertainty and ambivalence by providing simpler solutions to complex national problems and by blurring the boundary betweent he leading political parties. Further, Trump employs existing political polarization and has established a new kind of morality. Third, Trump challenges the existing political balance of power within the U.S. and globally. The overarching goal of this book is to show how the popularity of Trump has revealed substantial problems in the social, political, and economic fabric of American life. Aimed at the general public and students in the U.S. and internationally, the book goes beyond many explanations of the "Trump Effect". Using a multidisciplinary theoretical lens, it provides a systemic multifaceted analysis based on multiple theories of social identity, emotions, cognitions, morality, and power to explain the broader social phenomena of the rise of individuals in society.
Trump Effect
Author: Karina V. Korostelina
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351984276
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
Professor Karina V. Korostelina presents insights into the "Trump effect" and explains how the support for Trump among the American general public is based on three complementary pillars. First, Trump champions a specific conception of American national identity that empowers his supporters. Second, Trump's leadership has, to an extent, been crafted from his ability to recognize where and with whom he can get the most return on his investment (e.g. his political comments) and address the perceived general malaise in the U.S. Trump also mirrors the emotions of a disenfranchised American public, and inspires the use of frustration based anger and insults to achieve desired aims. He addresses the public’s intolerance of uncertainty and ambivalence by providing simpler solutions to complex national problems and by blurring the boundary betweent he leading political parties. Further, Trump employs existing political polarization and has established a new kind of morality. Third, Trump challenges the existing political balance of power within the U.S. and globally. The overarching goal of this book is to show how the popularity of Trump has revealed substantial problems in the social, political, and economic fabric of American life. Aimed at the general public and students in the U.S. and internationally, the book goes beyond many explanations of the "Trump Effect". Using a multidisciplinary theoretical lens, it provides a systemic multifaceted analysis based on multiple theories of social identity, emotions, cognitions, morality, and power to explain the broader social phenomena of the rise of individuals in society.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351984276
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Book Description
Professor Karina V. Korostelina presents insights into the "Trump effect" and explains how the support for Trump among the American general public is based on three complementary pillars. First, Trump champions a specific conception of American national identity that empowers his supporters. Second, Trump's leadership has, to an extent, been crafted from his ability to recognize where and with whom he can get the most return on his investment (e.g. his political comments) and address the perceived general malaise in the U.S. Trump also mirrors the emotions of a disenfranchised American public, and inspires the use of frustration based anger and insults to achieve desired aims. He addresses the public’s intolerance of uncertainty and ambivalence by providing simpler solutions to complex national problems and by blurring the boundary betweent he leading political parties. Further, Trump employs existing political polarization and has established a new kind of morality. Third, Trump challenges the existing political balance of power within the U.S. and globally. The overarching goal of this book is to show how the popularity of Trump has revealed substantial problems in the social, political, and economic fabric of American life. Aimed at the general public and students in the U.S. and internationally, the book goes beyond many explanations of the "Trump Effect". Using a multidisciplinary theoretical lens, it provides a systemic multifaceted analysis based on multiple theories of social identity, emotions, cognitions, morality, and power to explain the broader social phenomena of the rise of individuals in society.
The Trump Effect
Author: Steven E. Schier
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538149311
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 181
Book Description
Donald Trump’s presidency produced no end of controversy. His tumultuous presidency also created new avenues of public policy and national politics. Prominent scholars of American institutions, politics and public policy assess the multiple consequences of Trump’s singular presidency in this volume. How did Trump’s unconventional behavior alter the media environment and electoral politics? Will he remain the dominant presence in the Republican Party? Are Democrats the main beneficiaries of his time in office? How lasting was his impact on the federal judiciary, Congressional-executive relations and White House management? What new directions in domestic and foreign policy are likely to survive his presidency? The authors shed much light on the temporary and permanent changes to the policy and political landscape wrought by this argumentative and controversial chief executive.
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538149311
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 181
Book Description
Donald Trump’s presidency produced no end of controversy. His tumultuous presidency also created new avenues of public policy and national politics. Prominent scholars of American institutions, politics and public policy assess the multiple consequences of Trump’s singular presidency in this volume. How did Trump’s unconventional behavior alter the media environment and electoral politics? Will he remain the dominant presence in the Republican Party? Are Democrats the main beneficiaries of his time in office? How lasting was his impact on the federal judiciary, Congressional-executive relations and White House management? What new directions in domestic and foreign policy are likely to survive his presidency? The authors shed much light on the temporary and permanent changes to the policy and political landscape wrought by this argumentative and controversial chief executive.
Global Media Perceptions of the United States
Author: Yahya R. Kamalipour
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538142430
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Book Description
A 2022 Choice Reviews Outstanding Academic Title As a timely portrait of international perceptions and media coverage of the United States, this comprehensive collection reveals the global effects of the tumultuous environments and controversial views promoted during the Donald J. Trump presidency. More than thirty accomplished and prominent media, communication, and journalism scholars represent twenty countries with methodically researched assessments of their respective country’s major national newspapers, social media, or comprehensive public opinion surveys. Together, these analyses offer a unique cross-cultural approach that helps students and scholars understand the image of the USA and President Trump through the eyes of politicians, media personalities, and ordinary people across the globe.
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538142430
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Book Description
A 2022 Choice Reviews Outstanding Academic Title As a timely portrait of international perceptions and media coverage of the United States, this comprehensive collection reveals the global effects of the tumultuous environments and controversial views promoted during the Donald J. Trump presidency. More than thirty accomplished and prominent media, communication, and journalism scholars represent twenty countries with methodically researched assessments of their respective country’s major national newspapers, social media, or comprehensive public opinion surveys. Together, these analyses offer a unique cross-cultural approach that helps students and scholars understand the image of the USA and President Trump through the eyes of politicians, media personalities, and ordinary people across the globe.
The Impact of the Presidency of Donald Trump on American Jewry and Israel
Author: Steven F. Windmueller
Publisher: Purdue University Press
ISBN: 1612497101
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 174
Book Description
The Trump presidency has resulted in a fundamentally disruptive moment in this nation’s political culture. Not only were there different policy options and directions, but the cultural artifacts of politics changed because of how this president dramatically challenged the existing norms of political behavior and action. As we have shifted from a period of American liberalism to a time of political populism, deep fissures are dividing Americans in general and Jews in particular. The Impact of the Presidency of Donald Trump on American Jewry and Israel unpacks President Donald Trump’s distinctive and unique relationship with the American Jewish community and the State of Israel. Addressing the various dimensions of his personal and political connections with Jews and Israel, this publication is designed to provide an assessment of how the Trump presidency has influenced and altered American Jewish political behavior. Writers from different backgrounds and political orientations bring a broad range of perspectives designed to examine various aspects of this presidency, including Trump’s particular impact on Israel-US relations, his special connection with Orthodox Jews, and his complex and uneven relationship with Jewish Republicans. For liberal American Jews, these four years represented a fundamental revolution, overturning and challenging much that a generation of activists had fought to achieve and protect. For Trump’s supporters, it afforded them an opportunity to advance their priorities, while joining the forty-fifth president in changing the American political landscape. The “Trump effect” will extend well beyond his four-year tenure, creating an environment that has fomented the politics of hate and exposed a deeply embedded presence of anti-Semitism. How Americans understand this moment in time and the ways society will adapt can be reflected through the prism of the Jewish encounter with Trumpism that this volume seeks to explore.
Publisher: Purdue University Press
ISBN: 1612497101
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 174
Book Description
The Trump presidency has resulted in a fundamentally disruptive moment in this nation’s political culture. Not only were there different policy options and directions, but the cultural artifacts of politics changed because of how this president dramatically challenged the existing norms of political behavior and action. As we have shifted from a period of American liberalism to a time of political populism, deep fissures are dividing Americans in general and Jews in particular. The Impact of the Presidency of Donald Trump on American Jewry and Israel unpacks President Donald Trump’s distinctive and unique relationship with the American Jewish community and the State of Israel. Addressing the various dimensions of his personal and political connections with Jews and Israel, this publication is designed to provide an assessment of how the Trump presidency has influenced and altered American Jewish political behavior. Writers from different backgrounds and political orientations bring a broad range of perspectives designed to examine various aspects of this presidency, including Trump’s particular impact on Israel-US relations, his special connection with Orthodox Jews, and his complex and uneven relationship with Jewish Republicans. For liberal American Jews, these four years represented a fundamental revolution, overturning and challenging much that a generation of activists had fought to achieve and protect. For Trump’s supporters, it afforded them an opportunity to advance their priorities, while joining the forty-fifth president in changing the American political landscape. The “Trump effect” will extend well beyond his four-year tenure, creating an environment that has fomented the politics of hate and exposed a deeply embedded presence of anti-Semitism. How Americans understand this moment in time and the ways society will adapt can be reflected through the prism of the Jewish encounter with Trumpism that this volume seeks to explore.
Trump, the Administrative Presidency, and Federalism
Author: Frank J. Thompson
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 081573820X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 258
Book Description
How Trump has used the federal government to promote conservative policies The presidency of Donald Trump has been unique in many respects—most obviously his flamboyant personal style and disregard for conventional niceties and factual information. But one area hasn't received as much attention as it deserves: Trump's use of the “administrative presidency,” including executive orders and regulatory changes, to reverse the policies of his predecessor and advance positions that lack widespread support in Congress. This book analyzes the dynamics and unique qualities of Trump's administrative presidency in the important policy areas of health care, education, and climate change. In each of these spheres, the arrival of the Trump administration represented a hostile takeover in which White House policy goals departed sharply from the more “liberal” ideologies and objectives of key agencies, which had been embraced by the Obama administration. Three expert authors show how Trump has continued, and even expanded, the rise of executive branch power since the Reagan years. The authors intertwine this focus with an in-depth examination of how the Trump administration's hostile takeover has drastically changed key federal policies—and reshaped who gets what from government—in the areas of health care, education, and climate change. Readers interested in the institutions of American democracy and the nation's progress (or lack thereof) in dealing with pressing policy problems will find deep insights in this book. Of particular interest is the book's examination of how the Trump administration's actions have long-term implications for American democracy.
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 081573820X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 258
Book Description
How Trump has used the federal government to promote conservative policies The presidency of Donald Trump has been unique in many respects—most obviously his flamboyant personal style and disregard for conventional niceties and factual information. But one area hasn't received as much attention as it deserves: Trump's use of the “administrative presidency,” including executive orders and regulatory changes, to reverse the policies of his predecessor and advance positions that lack widespread support in Congress. This book analyzes the dynamics and unique qualities of Trump's administrative presidency in the important policy areas of health care, education, and climate change. In each of these spheres, the arrival of the Trump administration represented a hostile takeover in which White House policy goals departed sharply from the more “liberal” ideologies and objectives of key agencies, which had been embraced by the Obama administration. Three expert authors show how Trump has continued, and even expanded, the rise of executive branch power since the Reagan years. The authors intertwine this focus with an in-depth examination of how the Trump administration's hostile takeover has drastically changed key federal policies—and reshaped who gets what from government—in the areas of health care, education, and climate change. Readers interested in the institutions of American democracy and the nation's progress (or lack thereof) in dealing with pressing policy problems will find deep insights in this book. Of particular interest is the book's examination of how the Trump administration's actions have long-term implications for American democracy.
Trump
Author: Simon Dolan
Publisher: Biteback Publishing
ISBN: 1785906771
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
Book Description
According to most of the media, the left and the political establishment, Donald Trump was a racist, sexist, dangerous man who debased the office of US President, embarrassed his country and brought it to the brink of civil war. Throughout his administration, the contempt in which the billionaire businessman and TV personality was held across the Western world led to sneering at any alternative view. And yet Trump came within inches of re-election, and had it not been for the coronavirus pandemic he almost certainly would have succeeded. Undeterred by all the noisy vilification, more than 70 million Americans formed their own view – and they liked what they saw. Now, determined to redress the balance of a fiercely partisan debate, Simon Dolan, a multi-millionaire British businessman and entrepreneur, looks behind the hyperbole to offer a very different take on Donald J. Trump. Just what were the achievements and personality traits that appealed to voters in their millions? Trump: The Hidden Halo sets out to reconsider this most divisive figure through the eyes of those who supported him. Looking to his economic record, the impact of 'America First' and the effect of his bombastic approach to foreign policy, this timely consideration of Trump's appeal to the masses presents the man in a new light: did he have a hidden halo after all?
Publisher: Biteback Publishing
ISBN: 1785906771
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 245
Book Description
According to most of the media, the left and the political establishment, Donald Trump was a racist, sexist, dangerous man who debased the office of US President, embarrassed his country and brought it to the brink of civil war. Throughout his administration, the contempt in which the billionaire businessman and TV personality was held across the Western world led to sneering at any alternative view. And yet Trump came within inches of re-election, and had it not been for the coronavirus pandemic he almost certainly would have succeeded. Undeterred by all the noisy vilification, more than 70 million Americans formed their own view – and they liked what they saw. Now, determined to redress the balance of a fiercely partisan debate, Simon Dolan, a multi-millionaire British businessman and entrepreneur, looks behind the hyperbole to offer a very different take on Donald J. Trump. Just what were the achievements and personality traits that appealed to voters in their millions? Trump: The Hidden Halo sets out to reconsider this most divisive figure through the eyes of those who supported him. Looking to his economic record, the impact of 'America First' and the effect of his bombastic approach to foreign policy, this timely consideration of Trump's appeal to the masses presents the man in a new light: did he have a hidden halo after all?
The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump
Author: Bandy X. Lee
Publisher: Thomas Dunne Books
ISBN: 1250212863
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 544
Book Description
As this bestseller predicted, Trump has only grown more erratic and dangerous as the pressures on him mount. This new edition includes new essays bringing the book up to date—because this is still not normal. Originally released in fall 2017, The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump was a runaway bestseller. Alarmed Americans and international onlookers wanted to know: What is wrong with him? That question still plagues us. The Trump administration has proven as chaotic and destructive as its opponents feared, and the man at the center of it all remains a cipher. Constrained by the APA’s “Goldwater rule,” which inhibits mental health professionals from diagnosing public figures they have not personally examined, many of those qualified to weigh in on the issue have shied away from discussing it at all. The public has thus been left to wonder whether he is mad, bad, or both. The prestigious mental health experts who have contributed to the revised and updated version of The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump argue that their moral and civic "duty to warn" supersedes professional neutrality. Whatever affects him, affects the nation: From the trauma people have experienced under the Trump administration to the cult-like characteristics of his followers, he has created unprecedented mental health consequences across our nation and beyond. With eight new essays (about one hundred pages of new material), this edition will cover the dangerous ramifications of Trump's unnatural state. It’s not all in our heads. It’s in his.
Publisher: Thomas Dunne Books
ISBN: 1250212863
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 544
Book Description
As this bestseller predicted, Trump has only grown more erratic and dangerous as the pressures on him mount. This new edition includes new essays bringing the book up to date—because this is still not normal. Originally released in fall 2017, The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump was a runaway bestseller. Alarmed Americans and international onlookers wanted to know: What is wrong with him? That question still plagues us. The Trump administration has proven as chaotic and destructive as its opponents feared, and the man at the center of it all remains a cipher. Constrained by the APA’s “Goldwater rule,” which inhibits mental health professionals from diagnosing public figures they have not personally examined, many of those qualified to weigh in on the issue have shied away from discussing it at all. The public has thus been left to wonder whether he is mad, bad, or both. The prestigious mental health experts who have contributed to the revised and updated version of The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump argue that their moral and civic "duty to warn" supersedes professional neutrality. Whatever affects him, affects the nation: From the trauma people have experienced under the Trump administration to the cult-like characteristics of his followers, he has created unprecedented mental health consequences across our nation and beyond. With eight new essays (about one hundred pages of new material), this edition will cover the dangerous ramifications of Trump's unnatural state. It’s not all in our heads. It’s in his.
Lessons in Leadership
Author: Steve Adubato
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 0813580579
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 257
Book Description
In this practical guide, Emmy Award-winning public broadcasting anchor Steve Adubato teaches readers to be self-aware, empathetic, and more effective leaders at work and at home. His powerful case studies spotlighting dozens of leaders—from Pope Francis to New Jersey governor Chris Christie—are complemented by concrete tips and tools based in real-life scenarios. With Lessons in Leadership, readers can learn to steer others through difficult economic times, to mentor rising leaders, to provide straight talk to underperforming employees, and even how to lead a company through a significant change.
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 0813580579
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 257
Book Description
In this practical guide, Emmy Award-winning public broadcasting anchor Steve Adubato teaches readers to be self-aware, empathetic, and more effective leaders at work and at home. His powerful case studies spotlighting dozens of leaders—from Pope Francis to New Jersey governor Chris Christie—are complemented by concrete tips and tools based in real-life scenarios. With Lessons in Leadership, readers can learn to steer others through difficult economic times, to mentor rising leaders, to provide straight talk to underperforming employees, and even how to lead a company through a significant change.
The Trump Effect
Author: L. Rowand Archer
Publisher: Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.
ISBN: 1642997463
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 291
Book Description
With the election of Donald Trump on November 8, 2016, Americans experienced a sense of relief and joy, knowing they could again participate in a vibrant business environment that offers them the power of self-determination and the freedom to pursue their life goals and live according to their faith, unencumbered by political correctness and the stifling ideology of creeping socialism. For the last fifty or so years, the dark-side left have, though academia, the entertainment industry, deep-state bureaucrats, and the liberal big media, successfully been undoing the centuries-old institutions of free market economies, which has created unprecedented wealth the world over. In its place, the dark-side left have been molding these institutions to reflect their warped ideology of a new socialist world order, with no boarder and based on a Marxist, "progressive left" utopia, an oxymoron, if there ever is one. The long-term strategy for achieving their transition relies on undermining the economic engine by enacting burdensome big government regulations; by imposing political correctness and identity politics into our daily conversations, social interactions, and norms; and finally by attacking one's religious faith and values. The dark-side left's "long march through the culture" has resulted in the indoctrination of each new generation using the direct influence of academia, movies and television programs, the daily news coverage, and government policy. Miraculously, as if by divine intervention, after just one year of his presidency, Donald Trump has managed to force into the open this sinister plot by the dark-side left, with the world now acutely aware of the serious bias of the liberal big media, the corruption present at the senior levels of the intelligence branches left behind by the Obama administration, the serious extent of liberal bias in academia and their effort to restrict free speech, and the self-interest of lawmakers seeking self-enrichment from Washington's swamp-dwelling domestic and foreign lobbyists With his unwavering commitment to work on behalf of the American people, Trump has almost single-handedly inflicted journalists and the political elites with varying degrees of Trump derangement syndrome and exposing their warped, self-serving values, resulting in them becoming almost totally incapable of providing unbiased, insightful political arguments on current issues for their audience. Because of President Trump, the world is witnessing the excruciating collapse of the dark-side left and the Washington swamp. His ability to navigate through the minefields laid by the bipartisan swamp and the liberal big media can only be answered through our faith in God, who, in all his wisdom, has chosen this man to save free market countries and its people from the evils of the dark-side left and their elitist minions.
Publisher: Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.
ISBN: 1642997463
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 291
Book Description
With the election of Donald Trump on November 8, 2016, Americans experienced a sense of relief and joy, knowing they could again participate in a vibrant business environment that offers them the power of self-determination and the freedom to pursue their life goals and live according to their faith, unencumbered by political correctness and the stifling ideology of creeping socialism. For the last fifty or so years, the dark-side left have, though academia, the entertainment industry, deep-state bureaucrats, and the liberal big media, successfully been undoing the centuries-old institutions of free market economies, which has created unprecedented wealth the world over. In its place, the dark-side left have been molding these institutions to reflect their warped ideology of a new socialist world order, with no boarder and based on a Marxist, "progressive left" utopia, an oxymoron, if there ever is one. The long-term strategy for achieving their transition relies on undermining the economic engine by enacting burdensome big government regulations; by imposing political correctness and identity politics into our daily conversations, social interactions, and norms; and finally by attacking one's religious faith and values. The dark-side left's "long march through the culture" has resulted in the indoctrination of each new generation using the direct influence of academia, movies and television programs, the daily news coverage, and government policy. Miraculously, as if by divine intervention, after just one year of his presidency, Donald Trump has managed to force into the open this sinister plot by the dark-side left, with the world now acutely aware of the serious bias of the liberal big media, the corruption present at the senior levels of the intelligence branches left behind by the Obama administration, the serious extent of liberal bias in academia and their effort to restrict free speech, and the self-interest of lawmakers seeking self-enrichment from Washington's swamp-dwelling domestic and foreign lobbyists With his unwavering commitment to work on behalf of the American people, Trump has almost single-handedly inflicted journalists and the political elites with varying degrees of Trump derangement syndrome and exposing their warped, self-serving values, resulting in them becoming almost totally incapable of providing unbiased, insightful political arguments on current issues for their audience. Because of President Trump, the world is witnessing the excruciating collapse of the dark-side left and the Washington swamp. His ability to navigate through the minefields laid by the bipartisan swamp and the liberal big media can only be answered through our faith in God, who, in all his wisdom, has chosen this man to save free market countries and its people from the evils of the dark-side left and their elitist minions.
The Trump Administration
Author: Toby S. James
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000581217
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 403
Book Description
The Trump presidency has been one of the most eventful and controversial in American history, with consequences for the governance and policy of the US and beyond. While Trump left office claiming a long list of ‘Trump Administration Accomplishments’, his time in office was also marked by a hailstorm of criticism. But beyond the sensationalist tweets and news stories, what policy effects did he bring? This volume provides an extensive and authoritative set of studies evaluating Donald Trump’s impact on American society and beyond. It provides a new layered framework for assessing the policy impact of leaders, which can be used for understanding presidential and prime ministerial leadership more widely. Chapters explore his impact on American democracy, Congress, the Supreme Court, the economy, the COVID-19 pandemic, the environment, American soft power, the international system and more. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Policy Studies.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000581217
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 403
Book Description
The Trump presidency has been one of the most eventful and controversial in American history, with consequences for the governance and policy of the US and beyond. While Trump left office claiming a long list of ‘Trump Administration Accomplishments’, his time in office was also marked by a hailstorm of criticism. But beyond the sensationalist tweets and news stories, what policy effects did he bring? This volume provides an extensive and authoritative set of studies evaluating Donald Trump’s impact on American society and beyond. It provides a new layered framework for assessing the policy impact of leaders, which can be used for understanding presidential and prime ministerial leadership more widely. Chapters explore his impact on American democracy, Congress, the Supreme Court, the economy, the COVID-19 pandemic, the environment, American soft power, the international system and more. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Policy Studies.