Transport and Fate of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in the Baltic and Arctic Regions PDF Download
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Author: Anna Palm
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN: 928931074X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
Author: Anna Palm
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN: 928931074X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 81
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Nordic Council of Ministers
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789289337083
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
In the last decades, concern has been raised regarding the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) due to its increased environmental occurrence and its possible toxicological impact in humans and wildlife. As a result, two of the commercial PBDE products have recently been banned within the EU, while the use of the third product (DecaBDE) is still approved. A dynamic, fugacity-based, regional multimedia fate and transport model (POPCYCLING-Baltic) has been used to assess the historical behaviour and the potential future fate of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), exemplifying different emission scenarios following the introduction of restricting measures. The past, current and future consumption and emission of PBDEs were estimated, and the environmental fate of individual compounds was modelled. The possible impact on the Arctic region is also discussed. Uncertainties in the estimates and data gaps were identified
Author: Anna Palm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : un
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Stuart Harrad
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780470684139
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are toxic, resistant to degradation, bioaccumulative, and display wide spatial distribution. They accumulate in humans and wildlife, and have been linked to cancer, as well as reproductive and immunological disorders. In 2001 a global treaty on POPs was agreed, to minimise and ultimately eliminate the release of POPs into the environment. The Stockholm Convention lists 12 groups of chemicals, and as of late 2008, a further 12 chemicals are under consideration for inclusion. This book addresses all of these chemicals, but focuses particularly on currently listed POPs that are still of major concern (e.g. polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs), as well as new and emerging POPs that have been the subject of an explosion of scientific interest in the last decade, i.e. brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs). Other chapters address the challenges posed by the presence of POPs in the developing world; how the properties of chiral POPs can provide unique insights into their environmental sources, fate and behaviour; and issues arising from the presence of POPs in urban and indoor environments. Persistent Organic Pollutants provides a much-anticipated reference source for a wide audience including academics, industrial scientists and regulators.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mineral industries
Languages : en
Pages : 1044
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Book Description
Author: Fiona Kin-Yao Lau
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 310
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Book Description
Author: Joseph J. Bautista
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Conventional flame retardants of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are harmful endocrine disrupters that may endure in the environment and experience long range transport (LRT) to areas far from their sources. Despite a gradual phasing out of PBDEs as flame retardants by the Stockholm Convention and other legislation, humans and the environment are still exposed. Recently, natural methoxy and hydroxyl analogues of PBDEs, MeO-BDEs and OH-BDEs, have been discovered in marine environments and are seasonally associated with phytoplankton primary production that may determine how they contribute to the general persistent organic pollutant (POP) abundance as environmental toxicants. Aerosol mechanisms may link these marine pools to the atmosphere and to the global biosphere by LRT on aerosols. Consumption of biota contaminated with PBDEs and their natural analogues may act as a pathway for human exposure. The optimization of PBDE and MeO-BDE extraction and analysis is essential to obtain accurate and precise results and improve method efficiency. Approaches to optimize several aspects of PBDE analysis are described here, along with new techniques for aerosol sampling. The efficacy of several novel internal standards for PBDE and MeO-BDE analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with electron capture negative ionization (GC-ECNI-MS) is assessed. This is achieved through evaluation of standard reference material household dust and Atlantic cod liver with standard addition, internal calibration, and external calibration. A Micro Orifice Uniform Deposition Impactor (MOUDI) instrument collected aerodynamic aerosol samples in the marine boundary layer. We observe MeO-BDEs in atmospheric aerosols for the first time. We present their atmospheric levels and assessed their sources and potential for LRT based on their aerosol size distribution. We also examine PBDE and MeO-BDE levels in fish livers from Atlantic cod (Gadus Morhua) and Greenland halibut/turbot (Scophthalmus maximusfish). These are traditional Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) fishery stocks and are also known to harbor POPs. These fish samples were used to monitor PBDE and MeO-BDE distribution coastal regions of NL.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 894
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Book Description
Author: Santosh Kumar Sarkar
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319433016
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 103
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Book Description
The proposed book features a systematic and thorough treatment of the dominant persistent organic pollutants (POP's) encountered in the tropical marine environment of the Indian Sundarban mangrove wetlands, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Chapters provide a comprehensive and realistic account of the world’s most hazardous organic compounds. Readers will discover a detailed account of the characteristics, potential point and non-point sources, analytical techniques and the ecotoxicological relevance of selected POPs, namely organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated phenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These pollutants are of considerable interest because their exposure could cause immunologic, teratogenic and neurological problems in humans and other living beings. The book is intended to serve as a reliable and up-to-date reference source for students, teachers and researchers engaged in the field of chemical oceanography, ecotoxicology and pollution management.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1876
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Book Description
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
