Author: Ana Margarida Fernandes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Adult learning
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Fernandes explores Colombian trade policy from 1977-91, a period of substantial variation in protection across industries, to examine whether increased exposure to foreign competition generates plant-level productivity gains. Using a large panel of manufacturing plants, she finds a strong positive impact of tariff liberalization on consistent productivity estimates, controlling for plant and industry heterogeneity. This result is not driven by the endogeneity of protection nor by plant exit. The impact of tariff liberalization on productivity is stronger for large plants and for plants in less competitive industries. Qualitatively similar results are obtained when using effective rates of protection and import penetration ratios as measures of protection. This paper--a product of Investment Climate, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the links between trade and productivity.
Author: Ana M. Fernandes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This paper explores a period of substantial variation in trade policy across industries in Colombia (1977-1991) to examine whether increased exposure to foreign competition generates productivity gains for manufacturing plants. Using an estimation methodology that addresses the shortcomings of previous studies, we find a strong positive impact of tariff liberalization on plant productivity, even after controlling for plant and industry heterogeneity, real exchange rates, and cyclical effects. The impact of liberalization is stronger for larger plants and plants in less competitive industries. Our findings are not driven by the endogeneity of protection. Similar results are obtained when using effective rates of protection and import penetration ratios as measures of protection. Productivity gains under trade liberalization are linked to increases in intermediate inputs' imports, skill intensity, and machinery investments, and to output reallocations from less to more productive plants.
Author: Ana Margarida Fernandes
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Colombia
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Author: Sergii Meleshchuk
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513545272
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 35
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Book Description
In this paper we demonstrate the importance of distinguishing capital goods tariffs from other tariffs. Using exposure to a quasi-natural experiment induced by a trade reform in Colombia, we find that firms that have been more exposed to a reduction in intermediate and consumption input or output tariffs do not significantly increase their investment rates. However, firms’ investment rate increase strongly in response to a reduction in capital goods input tariffs. Firms do not substitute capital with labor, but instead also increase employment, especially for production workers. Reduction in other tariff rates do not increase investment and employment. Our results suggest that a reduction in the relative price of capital goods can significantly boost investment and employment and does not seem to lead to a decline in the labor share.
Author: Susan M. Collins
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 9780815797586
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
This annual series provides comprehensive analysis on current and emerging issues of international trade and macroeconomics. Contents: GLOBALIZATION AND INEQUALITY Competing Concepts of Inequality in the Globalization Debate Martin Ravallion (World Bank) Channels from Globalization to Inequality: Productivity World versus Factor World William Easterly (New York University) Health in an Age of Globalization Angus Deaton (Princeton University) BROADER INDICATORS OF WELL-BEING Assessing the Impact of Globalization on Poverty and Inequality: A New Lens on an Old Puzzle Carol Graham (Brookings Institution) Poverty and the Organization of Political Violence: A Review and Some Conjectures Nicholas Sambanis (Yale University) IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION Trade, Inequality, and Poverty: What Do We Know? Pinelopi Goldberg (Yale University) and Nina Pavcnik (Dartmouth College) The Impact of Globalization on the Poor Pranab Bardhan (University of California, Berkeley) LOOKING FORWARD Why Global Inequality Matters Nancy Birdsall (Center for Global Development) Some Speculation on Growth and Poverty over the Twenty-First Century Kenneth Rogoff (Harvard University)
Author: Inter-American Development Bank
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 0230107613
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 363
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Book Description
Age of Productivity offers a look at how the low productivity in Latin America and the Caribbean is preventing the region from catching up with the developed world. The authors look beyond the traditional macro explanations and dig all the way down to the industry and firm level to uncover the causes.
Author: Patricia Hofmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642345816
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 317
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Book Description
Economic globalisation and technological change are the two issues that concerned people in the past, concern them today and will concern them in the future - all over the world, poor or rich. Traditionally, questions about allocative effects are asked: What are the labour market implications? Who loses? Who wins? What is the net aggregate welfare effect after an adjustment period? However, two points are rarely taken into consideration: How do globalisation and technological change interact and what are the potential long-run implications for economic growth? This book addresses the interplay of these megatrends. It asks how economic globalisation may affect innovation and technology of individual firms and eventually the growth prospects of countries. Thereby it shows that protectionism not only harms static efficiency but might as well lead to dynamic losses. The book provides a systematic overview of the theoretical underpinnings of the openness-growth nexus and summarises the conceptual problems and important findings of the empirical analyses so far. The theoretical insights are supported by two empirical studies, the first dealing with the innovative behaviour and the “within-multinational” technology transfer of Spanish firms that were acquired by foreign companies and the second analysing productivity growth rate implications from exporting for German manufacturing firms.
Author: Miaojie Yu
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000763056
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 421
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Book Description
With the expansion of globalization, international trade has played an increasingly significant role, especially for developing countries. As the largest developing country, China has made a lot of efforts to integrate to the global market since its Open and Reform Policy in 1978 and has become the second largest economy in world. So what is the effect of China’s trade-oriented strategy for the country and the world? How did it improve the country’s economic development? These are some critical questions this book discusses. This book utilizes classic Western economic models to examine how China’s openness policies have affected the manufacturing upgrading and economic development of the country. A large amount of micro-level empirical evidence is added to support the conclusion. Scholars and students in economics and business will benefit from this book. Also, it will appeal to readers interested in policy making and Chinese studies.
Author: William Maloney
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464821119
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has made slow but consistent progress addressing the imbalances induced by the pandemic in an international environment that is just now showing signs of stabilizing. Despite favorable macroeconomic management, high interest rates and fiscal imbalances remain challenging while growth rates remain lackluster due to long-standing structural issues. Looking forward, an aging workforce and rising violence will increasingly complicate policy. This report focuses particularly on weak competitive forces as a source of low productivity, low growth, and low welfare in LAC. It emphasizes the need for effective competition institutions, pro-competition regulatory frameworks, complementary policies to improve the capabilities of workers and firms, and enhanced innovation systems, to prepare local industries to reach the technological frontier and face global competition. Furthermore, the report underscores the need for reforms to prevent large businesses from exerting undue political influence over policy decisions.
Author: David Greenaway
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444343971
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 275
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Book Description
This is the seventeenth volume in an annual series in which leading economists provide a concise and accessible evaluation of major developments in trade and trade policy. Examines key issues pertinent to the multinational trading system, as well as regional trade arrangements and policy developments at the national level Provides up-to-date assessments of the World Trade Organization's current Trade Policy Reviews A vital resource for researchers, analysts and policy-advisors interested in trade policy and other open economy issues Analyses global trade policy in Turkey, China and The Dominican Republic, and a survey by Tarlok Singh questions whether international trade does cause economic growth Includes chapters exploring WTO issues, and a section on regional trading agreements
