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Author: Daniel Marcu
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262133722
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Most discourse researchers assume that full semantic understanding is necessary to derive the discourse structure of texts. This book documents an attempt to construct and use automatic and non-semantic computational structures for text summarization.
Author: Daniel Marcu
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262133722
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
Most discourse researchers assume that full semantic understanding is necessary to derive the discourse structure of texts. This book documents an attempt to construct and use automatic and non-semantic computational structures for text summarization.
Author: Jan Renkema
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027289085
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 227
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Book Description
The aim of this monograph is to give impetus to research into one of the central questions in discourse studies: what makes a sequence of sentences or utterances a discourse? The theoretical framework for describing the possibilities of discourse continuation is delineated by two principles: the discursive and the dialogic principle. The ‘chord’ of discourse is unfolded in a tripartite ‘wire’: Conjunction, Adjunction and Interjunction, each containing three aspects, leading to a Connectivity Model. This new three-by-three taxonomy of discourse relations incorporates findings from several theories and approaches that have evolved over the last three decades, including Systemic Functional Linguistics and Rhetorical Structure Theory. In comparing this model to other models, this book presents a state-of-the-art of discourse relation analysis combined with detailed accounts of many examples. This monograph furthermore proposes a new way of presenting discourse structures—in ‘connectivity graphs’—followed by eleven commandments for the segmentation and labeling of discourse, and three procedures for disambiguation if more labels are applicable. This study can provide a base for corpus linguistic analysis on discourse structures, computational approaches to discourse generation and cognitive experimental research of discourse competence.
Author: John A. Moyne
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461324831
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 367
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Book Description
This textbook is intended for graduate students in computer science and linguistics who are interested in developing expertise in natural language processing (NLP) and in those aspects of artificial intelligence which are concerned with computer models oflanguage comprehension. The text is somewhat different from a number of other excellent textbooks in that its foci are more on the linguistic and psycho linguistic prerequisites and on foundational issues concerning human linguistic behavior than on the description of the extant models and algorithms. The goal is to make the student, undertaking the enormous task of developing computer models for NLP, well aware of the major diffi culties and unsolved problems, so that he or she will not begin the task (as it has often been done) with overoptimistic hopes or claims about the generalizability of models, when such hopes and claims are incon sistent either with some aspects of the formal theory or with known facts about human cognitive behavior. Thus, I try to enumerate and explain the variety of cognitive, linguistic, and pragmatic data which must be understood and formalized before they can be incorporated into a computer model.
Author: P. David Pearson
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351779702
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 928
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Book Description
The influential first volume of the Handbook of Reading Research was published in 1984. This classic work, an essential resource for researchers, students, and professionals across the field of reading and literacy education, is now available once again in on-line and print-on-demand versions.
Author: Ted Sanders
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9781588110770
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 378
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Book Description
This book brings together linguistics and psycholinguistics. Text representation is considered a cognitive entity: a mental construct that plays a crucial role in both text production and text understanding.The focus is on referential and relational coherence and the role of linguistic characteristics as processing instructions from a text linguistic and discourse psychology point of view. Consequently, this book presents various research methodologies: linguistic analysis, text analysis, corpus linguistics, computational linguistics, argumentation analysis, and the experimental psycholinguistic study of text processing. The authors compare, test, and evaluate linguistic and processing theories of text representation.A state of the art volume in an emerging field of interest, located at the very heart of our communicative behavior: the study of text and text representation.
Author: Mihai Dascălu
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319034197
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 283
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Book Description
With the advent and increasing popularity of Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) and e-learning technologies, the need of automatic assessment and of teacher/tutor support for the two tightly intertwined activities of comprehension of reading materials and of collaboration among peers has grown significantly. In this context, a polyphonic model of discourse derived from Bakhtin’s work as a paradigm is used for analyzing both general texts and CSCL conversations in a unique framework focused on different facets of textual cohesion. As specificity of our analysis, the individual learning perspective is focused on the identification of reading strategies and on providing a multi-dimensional textual complexity model, whereas the collaborative learning dimension is centered on the evaluation of participants’ involvement, as well as on collaboration assessment. Our approach based on advanced Natural Language Processing techniques provides a qualitative estimation of the learning process and enhances understanding as a “mediator of learning” by providing automated feedback to both learners and teachers or tutors. The main benefits are its flexibility, extensibility and nevertheless specificity for covering multiple stages, starting from reading classroom materials, to discussing on specific topics in a collaborative manner and finishing the feedback loop by verbalizing metacognitive thoughts.
Author: Václav Matoušek
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540318178
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 474
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Book Description
TheInternationalConferenceTSD 2005,the8theventin theseriesonText,Speech,and Dialogue, which originated in 1998, presented state-of-the-art technology and recent achievements in the ?eld of natural language processing. It declared its intent to be an interdisciplinary forum, intertwining research in speech and language processing with its applications in everyday practice. We feel that the mixture of different approaches and applications offered a great opportunity to get acquainted with the current act- ities in all aspects of language communication and to witness the amazing vitality of researchers from developing countries too. The ?nancial support of the ISCA (Inter- tional Speech Communication Association) enabled the wide attendance of researchers from all active regions of the world. Thisyear’sconferencewaspartiallyorientedtowardsmulti-modalhuman-computer interaction (HCI), which can be seen as the most attractive topic of HCI at the present time. In this way, we are involved in a rich complex of communicative activity, facial expressions, hand gestures, direction of gaze, to name but the most obvious ones. The interpretationof each user utterancedependson the context,prosody,facial expressions (e. g. brows raised, brows and gaze both raised) and gestures. Hearers have to adapt to the speaker (e. g. maintainingthe theme of the conversation,smiling etc. ). Research into the interaction of these channels is however limited, often focusing on the interaction between a pair of channels. Six signi?cant scienti?c results achieved in this area in the USA, Japan, Switzerland, Germany, The Netherlands, and the Czech Republic were presented by keynote speakers in special plenary sessions. Further, approx.
Author: Garrison W. Cottrell
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317729471
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 904
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Book Description
This volume features the complete text of all regular papers, posters, and summaries of symposia presented at the 18th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Papers have been loosely grouped by topic, and an author index is provided in the back. In hopes of facilitating searches of this work, an electronic index on the Internet's World Wide Web is provided. Titles, authors, and summaries of all the papers published here have been placed in an online database which may be freely searched by anyone. You can reach the Web site at: http://www.cse.ucsd.edu/events/cogsci96/proceedings. You may view the table of contents for this volume on the LEA Web site at: http://www.erlbaum.com.
Author: Mark Maybury
Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN: 9781558604445
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 670
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Book Description
This is a compilation of the classic readings in intelligent user interfaces. This text focuses on intelligent, knowledge-based interfaces, combining spoken language, natural language processing, and multimedia and multimodal processing.
Author: James G. Shanahan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402041020
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
Human Language Technology (HLT) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems have typically focused on the “factual” aspect of content analysis. Other aspects, including pragmatics, opinion, and style, have received much less attention. However, to achieve an adequate understanding of a text, these aspects cannot be ignored. The chapters in this book address the aspect of subjective opinion, which includes identifying different points of view, identifying different emotive dimensions, and classifying text by opinion. Various conceptual models and computational methods are presented. The models explored in this book include the following: distinguishing attitudes from simple factual assertions; distinguishing between the author’s reports from reports of other people’s opinions; and distinguishing between explicitly and implicitly stated attitudes. In addition, many applications are described that promise to benefit from the ability to understand attitudes and affect, including indexing and retrieval of documents by opinion; automatic question answering about opinions; analysis of sentiment in the media and in discussion groups about consumer products, political issues, etc. ; brand and reputation management; discovering and predicting consumer and voting trends; analyzing client discourse in therapy and counseling; determining relations between scientific texts by finding reasons for citations; generating more appropriate texts and making agents more believable; and creating writers’ aids. The studies reported here are carried out on different languages such as English, French, Japanese, and Portuguese. Difficult challenges remain, however. It can be argued that analyzing attitude and affect in text is an “NLP”-complete problem.
