Author: B. Jansson
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3034873301
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 402
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Book Description
The 39 chapters in this volume consider subjects ranging from genetics, markers, and molecular biology of alcoholism, to clinical observations and treatment. The aim is to integrate pertinent information from the fields of molecular and cell biology with view to establishing a molecular basis of alcohol use and abuse. An initial preview summarizes historical aspects of alcohol use, and subsequent chapters concern novel drugs, pharmacological aspects, gene structures, cloning, and enzymatic properties. Also contributions by "non-traditional" alcohol scientists have been included in this collection, in order to highlight possible interaction and parallels between different fields. Novel results of particular interest include up-dated summaries on receptors, enzymes, and other proteins, as well as corresponding gene structures and regulation, setting the basis for distinguishing markers and pinpointing further possible pharmacological treatments.
Author: Banerjee Tuhin Suvro
Publisher: Independent Author
ISBN: 9781805450740
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The prevailing means of treatment of alcohol addiction has been found to be inadequate necessitating further search for effective anti-addictive compounds. Several reports highlight an important role of the endogenous opioid system in alcohol dependence. In the present study, attempts are made to examine the efficacies of different series of novel compounds, synthesized in-house, on the basis of strong rationale of possible interaction to the multiple opioid receptors. A selected few were investigated for their efficacy as therapeutic agent for decreasing voluntary alcohol intake. We had previously synthesized a quinoline compound, S4 (2-(2-methylquinolin-4-ylamino)-N-phenyl acetamide), having dual affinity forμ- and K-opioid receptors (KOR), which successfully inhibited withdrawal symptoms in mice rendered dependent on rmrphine. We found S4 to reduce alcohol intake in alcohol preferring (AP) mice of different strains, which were initially screened from a colony using two-bottle choice. Further studies on the mechanism of action of S4 suggested that it could effectively restore the altered epigenetic patterns at the level ofhistone H3 rmdifications in the AP mice, to that of alcohol avoiding mice. S4 could be a novel compound for developing effective drugs against alcoholism/alcohol abuse. Some novel iboga-analogues consisting of benzofuran moiety and dehydroisoquinuclidine ring connected by short linkers have been synthesized. Few compounds showed binding at the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), while one compound, Ila exhibited dual affinities at both MOR and KOR MAP kinase activation indicated all three compounds have opioid agonistic properties. Further studies dermnstrated that lla did not have any effect on voluntary alcohol consumption in mice and also found to be nontrermrigenic. However, lla caused significant antinociception in mice in the hot-plate test which was comparable to that produced by rmrphine. This study identifies a new pharmacophore which may lead to the development of suitable substitute of rmrphine in the treatment of pain.
Author: Shafiqur Rahman
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128038683
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
This volume of Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science focuses on the molecular basis of drug addiction. Contains contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Author: Henry Weiner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306461132
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 580
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Book Description
This volume contains up-to-date information on aldehyde dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, short- and medium-chain dehydrogenase, and reductases. Sixty-nine contributions provide a wide variety of information on enzymology, molecular biology, and metabolic aspects of these carbonyl metabolizing oxidoreductases. Much new information is provided, including previously unreported three-dimensional structures of enzymes and new aspects of gene regulation, along with sequence alignments, metabolism and enzyme mechanisms.
Author: Antonio Noronha
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0124071554
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 573
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Book Description
Recent scientific advances have provided substantial information on the brain circuits and pathways relevant to various aspects of dependence. Neurobiology of Alcohol Dependence highlights the most recent data at the molecular, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels, fostering an understanding how neuroplasticity and neuroadaptation occur, and how different neural pathways and neurocircuits contribute to dependence. Highlights recent advances in understanding alcohol addiction from molecular, cellular, neurocircuitry, and behavioral levels Integrates several emerging areas of research and discusses the application of novel research techniques to the understanding of alcohol dependence Chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe — the broadest, most expert coverage available
Author: American Psychiatric Association
Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub
ISBN: 0890426821
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major public health problem in the United States. The estimated 12-month and lifetime prevalence values for AUD are 13.9% and 29.1%, respectively, with approximately half of individuals with lifetime AUD having a severe disorder. AUD and its sequelae also account for significant excess mortality and cost the United States more than $200 billion annually. Despite its high prevalence and numerous negative consequences, AUD remains undertreated. In fact, fewer than 1 in 10 individuals in the United States with a 12-month diagnosis of AUD receive any treatment. Nevertheless, effective and evidence-based interventions are available, and treatment is associated with reductions in the risk of relapse and AUD-associated mortality. The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Pharmacological Treatment of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder seeks to reduce these substantial psychosocial and public health consequences of AUD for millions of affected individuals. The guideline focuses specifically on evidence-based pharmacological treatments for AUD in outpatient settings and includes additional information on assessment and treatment planning, which are an integral part of using pharmacotherapy to treat AUD. In addition to reviewing the available evidence on the use of AUD pharmacotherapy, the guideline offers clear, concise, and actionable recommendation statements, each of which is given a rating that reflects the level of confidence that potential benefits of an intervention outweigh potential harms. The guideline provides guidance on implementing these recommendations into clinical practice, with the goal of improving quality of care and treatment outcomes of AUD.
Author: Edith V. Sullivan
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444626220
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 703
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Book Description
Alcohol is the most widely used drug in the world, yet alcoholism remains a serious addiction affecting nearly 20 million Americans. Our current understanding of alcohol's effect on brain structure and related functional damage is being revolutionized by genetic research, basic neuroscience, brain imaging science, and systematic study of cognitive, sensory, and motor abilities. Volume 125 of the Handbook of Clinical Neurology is a comprehensive, in-depth treatise of studies on alcohol and the brain covering the basic understanding of alcohol's effect on the central nervous system, the diagnosis and treatment of alcoholism, and prospect for recovery. The chapters within will be of interest to clinical neurologists, neuropsychologists, and researchers in all facets and levels of the neuroscience of alcohol and alcoholism. The first focused reference specifically on alcohol and the brain Details our current understanding of how alcohol impacts the central nervous system Covers clinical and social impact of alcohol abuse disorders and the biomedical consequences of alcohol abuse Includes section on neuroimaging of neurochemical markers and brain function
Author: Victor R. Preedy
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 135136930X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
This book covers all aspects of gastrointestinal tract problems caused by alcohol misuse. Opening chapters discuss epidemiology and the metabolism of alcohol and the liver's role in that process. Alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases, free radicals, and endocrine changes are discussed in detail. Recent advances in the pathophysiology of alcohol-induced disorders are summarized and many chapters detail techniques such as permeability and protein synthesis. Effects on specific organs, including the salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine, are also discussed. All contributors and both editors are internationally recognized experts in their fields.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alcoholism
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
Author: Barbara H. Herman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1592593062
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 437
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Book Description
In Glutamate and Addiction, world-renowned scientific experts critically review all of the evidence for the role of glutamatergic systems in opiate, stimulant, and alcohol addiction. Using a variety of pharmacological, biochemical, genetic, and brain imaging techniques, these investigators show precisely how glutamate affects such addictions and how modifying certain elements of the glutamatergic system appear to alleviate particular components of addiction. Their survey takes in both clinical approaches using medications that influence glutamate and cutting-edge preclinical approaches that manipulate specific subtypes of glutamate receptors or specific substrates of the "glutamate cascade" to determine their roles in various addictive states.
