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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Military research
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
Author: M.M. Fischer
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483290883
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Spatial decisions and processes are fundamental to the understanding of spatial structure. In the earlier stages of spatial analysis proposed explanations were typically on the aggregate, phenomenological level. Now a new field has evolved and matured which calls for a deeper understanding of spatial structure with a particular emphasis on spatial decisions and processes. The present volume serves as a guide and as an anthology by discussing a wide variety of new modelling approaches, techniques and issues related to spatial decision and processes and drawing these seemingly disparate, but interlocking parts together.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Military research
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
Author: Giulio E Cantarella
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128143541
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Dynamics and Stochasticity in Transportation Systems: Solutions for Transportation Network Modeling breaks new ground on the topics, providing consistent and comprehensive coverage of steady state equilibrium and dynamic assignment within a common strategy. The book details the most recent advances in network assignment, including day-to-day and within-day dynamics, providing a solid foundation to help transportation planners solve transient overload and other problems. Users will find a book that fills the gap in knowledge with its description on how to use and employ the latest dynamic network models for evaluation of traffic and transport demand interventions. This book demystifies the many different dynamic traffic assignment approaches and requires no previous knowledge on the part of the reader. All results are fully described and proven, thus eliminating the need to seek out other references. The skills described will appeal to transportation professionals, researchers and graduate students alike. - Presents a consistent and comprehensive theory on steady state equilibrium assignment and day-to-day dynamic assignment models within a common framework - Describes and solves modeling calculations in detail, with no need to reference other sources - Includes numerical and graphical examples, text boxes and summaries at the end of each chapter to help readers better understand theoretical components - Includes primary mathematical tools necessary for each dynamic model, easing comprehension
Author: Leon A. Petrosjan
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9789810209797
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
The classical optimal control theory deals with the determination of an optimal control that optimizes the criterion subjects to the dynamic constraint expressing the evolution of the system state under the influence of control variables. If this is extended to the case of multiple controllers (also called players) with different and sometimes conflicting optimization criteria (payoff function) it is possible to begin to explore differential games. Zero-sum differential games, also called differential games of pursuit, constitute the most developed part of differential games and are rigorously investigated. In this book, the full theory of differential games of pursuit with complete and partial information is developed. Numerous concrete pursuit-evasion games are solved (?life-line? games, simple pursuit games, etc.), and new time-consistent optimality principles in the n-person differential game theory are introduced and investigated.
Author: Ben R. Newell
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317538862
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
Should I have this medical treatment or that one? Is this computer a better buy than that one? Should I invest in shares or keep my money under the bed? We all face a perplexing array of decisions every day. Thoroughly revised and updated throughout, the new edition of Straight Choices provides an integrative account of the psychology of decision-making, and shows how psychological research can help us understand our uncertain world. Straight Choices emphasises the relationship between learning and decision-making, arguing that the best way to understand how and why decisions are made is in the context of the learning and knowledge acquisition which precedes them, and the feedback which follows. The mechanisms of learning and the structure of environments in which decisions are made are carefully examined to explore their impact on our choices. The authors then consider whether we are all constrained to fall prey to cognitive biases, or whether, with sufficient exposure, we can find optimal decision strategies and improve our decision making. Featuring three completely new chapters, this edition also contains student-friendly overviews and recommended readings in each chapter. It will be of interest to students and researchers in cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, and the decision sciences, as well as anyone interested in the nature of decision making.
Author: Cass R. Sunstein
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0190231696
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Cass R. Sunstein is at the forefront of developing public policy to encourage people to make better decisions. In Choosing Not to Choose he presents his most complete argument for how we should understand the value of choice, and when and how we should enable people to choose not to choose. Confronting the challenging future of data-driven decision-making, Sunstein presents a manifesto for how personalized defaults should be used to enhance our freedom and well-being.
Author: Nigel H. M. Wilson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475764677
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Schedule-Based Dynamic Transit Modeling: Theory and Applications outlines the new schedule-based dynamic approach to mass transit modeling. In the last ten years the schedule-based dynamic approach has been developed and applied especially for operational planning. It allows time evolution of on-board loads and travel times for each run of each line to be obtained, and uses behavioral hypotheses strictly related to transit systems and user characteristics. It allows us to open new frontiers in transit modelling to support network design, timetable setting, investigation of congestion effects, as well as the assessment of new technologies introduction, such as information to users (ITS technologies). The contributors and editors of the book are leading researchers in the field of transportation, and in this volume they build a solid foundation for developing still more sophisticated models. These future models of mass transit systems will continue to add higher levels of accuracy and sensitivity desired in forecasting the performance of public transport systems.
Author: Hadley Wickham
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498759807
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 669
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Book Description
An Essential Reference for Intermediate and Advanced R Programmers Advanced R presents useful tools and techniques for attacking many types of R programming problems, helping you avoid mistakes and dead ends. With more than ten years of experience programming in R, the author illustrates the elegance, beauty, and flexibility at the heart of R. The book develops the necessary skills to produce quality code that can be used in a variety of circumstances. You will learn: The fundamentals of R, including standard data types and functions Functional programming as a useful framework for solving wide classes of problems The positives and negatives of metaprogramming How to write fast, memory-efficient code This book not only helps current R users become R programmers but also shows existing programmers what’s special about R. Intermediate R programmers can dive deeper into R and learn new strategies for solving diverse problems while programmers from other languages can learn the details of R and understand why R works the way it does.
Author: Robert Axelrod
Publisher: Basic Books
ISBN: 0786734884
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
A famed political scientist's classic argument for a more cooperative world We assume that, in a world ruled by natural selection, selfishness pays. So why cooperate? In The Evolution of Cooperation, political scientist Robert Axelrod seeks to answer this question. In 1980, he organized the famed Computer Prisoners Dilemma Tournament, which sought to find the optimal strategy for survival in a particular game. Over and over, the simplest strategy, a cooperative program called Tit for Tat, shut out the competition. In other words, cooperation, not unfettered competition, turns out to be our best chance for survival. A vital book for leaders and decision makers, The Evolution of Cooperation reveals how cooperative principles help us think better about everything from military strategy, to political elections, to family dynamics.
Author: Reza Shadmehr
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262044056
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
An examination of the link between the vigor with which we move and the value that the brain assigns to the goal of the movement. Why do we reflexively run toward people we love, but only walk toward others? In Vigor, Reza Shadmehr and Alaa Ahmed examine the link between how the brain assigns value to things and how it controls our movements. They find that brain regions thought to be principally involved in decision making also affect movement vigor—and that brain regions thought to be principally responsible for movement also bias patterns of decision making. Shadmehr and Ahmed first consider the relationship of value and vigor from a behavioral and mathematical perspective, considering a series of fascinating observations—including, for example, data showing that people in certain cities tend to walk faster than those living elsewhere—through the lens of optimal foraging theory. They then go on to explore the neural basis of vigor and valuation, synthesizing results from experiments that have measured activity in various brain structures and neuromodulators, including dopamine and serotonin. They speculate that in the future, technologies may be able to predict our personal preferences by measuring our movements; through the vigor with which we move, we unwittingly reveal one of our well-guarded secrets: how much we value the object of our attention.
