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Author: Neil M. Ribe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107174465
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 331
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Book Description
Comprehensive, mathematically advanced treatment of the continuum mechanics of the Earth's mantle and the geodynamic models used to investigate it.
Author: Neil M. Ribe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107174465
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 331
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Book Description
Comprehensive, mathematically advanced treatment of the continuum mechanics of the Earth's mantle and the geodynamic models used to investigate it.
Author: Neil M. Ribe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 131680061X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 331
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Book Description
Geodynamics is the study of the deformation and flow of the solid Earth and other planetary interiors. Focusing on the Earth's mantle, this book provides a comprehensive, mathematically advanced treatment of the continuum mechanics of mantle processes and the craft of formulating geodynamical models to approximate them. Topics covered include slow viscous flow, elasticity and viscoelasticity, boundary-layer theory, long-wave theories including lubrication theory and shell theory, two-phase flow, and hydrodynamic stability and thermal convection. A unifying theme is the utility of powerful general methods (dimensional analysis, scaling analysis, and asymptotic analysis) that can be applied in many specific contexts. Featuring abundant exercises with worked solutions for graduate students and researchers, this book will make a useful resource for Earth scientists and applied mathematicians with an interest in mantle dynamics and geodynamics more broadly.
Author: W. R. Peltier
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780677221205
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 902
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Book Description
A text which details the most important advance in earth sciences since the emergence of plate tectonics in the 1960s. Armed with the new techniques of seismic tomography, nine leading scientists in geophysical research present an experimental and theoretical description of the dynamics of the Earth's mantle. What emerges is a coherent modern theory of mantle convection leading to a greater understanding of both surface motions and large-scale structure of the Earth's interior.
Author: David Bercovici
Publisher: Elsevier Science Limited
ISBN: 9780444534569
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 505
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Book Description
Treatise on Geophysics: Mantle Dynamics, Volume 7 aims to provide both a classical and state-of-the-art introduction to the methods and science of mantle dynamics, as well as survey leading order problems (both solved and unsolved) and current understanding of how the mantle works. It is organized around two themes: (1) how is mantle convection studied; and (2) what do we understand about mantle dynamics to date. The first four chapters are thus concerned with pedagogical reviews of the physics of mantle convection; laboratory studies of the fluid dynamics of convection relevant to the mantle; theoretical analysis of mantle dynamics; and numerical analysis and methods of mantle convection. The subsequent chapters concentrate on leading issues of mantle convection itself, which include the energy budget of the mantle; the upper mantle and lithosphere in and near the spreading center (mid-ocean ridge) environment; the dynamics of subducting slabs; hot spots, melting anomalies, and mantle plumes; and finally, geochemical mantle dynamics and mixing. Self-contained volume starts with an overview of the subject then explores each topic in detail Extensive reference lists and cross references with other volumes to facilitate further research Full-color figures and tables support the text and aid in understanding Content suited for both the expert and non-expert
Author: David Bercovici
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444535802
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 521
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Book Description
Treatise on Geophysics: Mantle Dynamics, Volume 7 aims to provide both a classical and state-of-the-art introduction to the methods and science of mantle dynamics, as well as survey leading order problems (both solved and unsolved) and current understanding of how the mantle works. It is organized around two themes: (1) how is mantle convection studied; and (2) what do we understand about mantle dynamics to date. The first four chapters are thus concerned with pedagogical reviews of the physics of mantle convection; laboratory studies of the fluid dynamics of convection relevant to the mantle; theoretical analysis of mantle dynamics; and numerical analysis and methods of mantle convection. The subsequent chapters concentrate on leading issues of mantle convection itself, which include the energy budget of the mantle; the upper mantle and lithosphere in and near the spreading center (mid-ocean ridge) environment; the dynamics of subducting slabs; hot spots, melting anomalies, and mantle plumes; and finally, geochemical mantle dynamics and mixing. - Self-contained volume starts with an overview of the subject then explores each topic in detail - Extensive reference lists and cross references with other volumes to facilitate further research - Full-color figures and tables support the text and aid in understanding - Content suited for both the expert and non-expert
Author: Hauke Marquardt
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119528615
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
A multidisciplinary perspective on the dynamic processes occurring in Earth's mantle The convective motion of material in Earth's mantle, powered by heat from the deep interior of our planet, drives plate tectonics at the surface, generating earthquakes and volcanic activity. It shapes our familiar surface landscapes, and also stabilizes the oceans and atmosphere on geologic timescales. Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions brings together perspectives from observational geophysics, numerical modelling, geochemistry, and mineral physics to build a holistic picture of the deep Earth. It explores the dynamic processes occurring in the mantle as well as the associated heat and material cycles. Volume highlights include: Perspectives from different scientific disciplines with an emphasis on exploring synergies Current state of the mantle, its physical properties, compositional structure, and dynamic evolution Transport of heat and material through the mantle as constrained by geophysical observations, geochemical data and geodynamic model predictions Surface expressions of mantle dynamics and its control on planetary evolution and habitability The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Author: Geoffrey F. Davies
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139496182
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
Mantle convection is the fundamental agent driving many of the geological features observed at the Earth's surface, including plate tectonics and plume volcanism. Yet many Earth scientists have an incomplete understanding of the process. This book describes the physics and fluid dynamics of mantle convection, explaining what it is, how it works, and how to quantify it in simple terms. It assumes no specialist background: mechanisms are explained simply and the required basic physics is fully reviewed and explained with minimal mathematics. The distinctive forms that convection takes in the Earth's mantle are described within the context of tectonic plates and mantle plumes, and implications are explored for geochemistry and tectonic evolution. Common misconceptions and controversies are addressed - providing a straightforward but rigorous explanation of this key process for students and researchers across a variety of geoscience disciplines.
Author: Jaroslava Plomerova
Publisher: Birkhäuser
ISBN: 3034887779
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
Plate tectonics has significantly broadened our view of the dynamics of continental evolution, involving both the processes currently active at the surface and those extending deep into the interior of the Earth. Seismic anisotropy provides some of the most diagnostic evidence for mapping past and present deformation of the entire crustmantle system. This volume contains papers presented originally at an international workshop at the Chateau of Trest in the Czech Republic in 1996. This workshop brought together geophysicists and geologists who work in the field of observational and theoretical seismology, mineral and rock physics, gravity studies and geodynamic modelling. Topics include large-scale anisotropy of the Earth's mantle, mantle heterogeneity vs. anisotropy 3-D velocity and density structures and inferences on mantle dynamics, mineral and rock physics studies, and mathematical aspects of complex wave propagation.
Author: Giovanni Pari
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This thesis contains a study of four geophysical fields intimately related to the general convective circulation within Earth's mantle. Detailed investigations of the geoid, the free-air gravity anomaly, and for the first time, of the radial component of heat advection and the pattern of surface heat flux anomalies, are presented within the framework of an anelastically compressible internal loading theory. Recent global tomographic models of shear-wave velocity heterogeneity are employed to define the three-dimensional field of mantle buoyancy sources which drive the flow. Theoretical predictions of the longest wavelength components of these geodynamical fields are compared to observations in order to constrain mantle properties such as viscosity, as well as to interpret large scale features of the convective circulation. The nonhydrostatic geoid is found to provide useful constraints on the depth-dependence of mantle viscosity. The class of viscosity profiles that is inferred on this basis is shown to also allow a description of postglacial rebound data and the average heat flow at Earth's surface. A detailed investigation of the depth profile of heat advection is presented and the usefulness of this profile to probe for thermal boundary layers is discussed. A method to compute the pattern of surface heat flux anomalies within the internal loading formalism is proposed. It is shown that optimal descriptions of the long-wavelength components of this field are obtained within the framework of a layered-mantle theory. This is contrasted with the gravity field which is shown to be best reconciled within the context of the whole-mantle circulation theory. A synthesis of these results suggests that it is not currently possible to deduce whether the radial style of the mantle general circulation is whole-mantle or layered at the depth of 670 km seismic discontinuity. The free-air gravity field is employed to constrain the nature of the deep, subcontinental mantle. On this basis, it is demonstrated that the hypothesis that seismically fast, subcontinental features may be the reflection of chemically distinct and anomalously light material is rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis in which the subcontinental mantle is composed of anomalous dense, downwelling material.
Author: Barbara Romanowicz
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444535756
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 873
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Book Description
Treatise on Geophysics: Seismology and Structure of the Earth, Volume 1, provides a comprehensive review of the state of knowledge on the Earths structure and earthquakes. It addresses various aspects of structural seismology and its applications to other fields of Earth sciences. The book is organized into four parts. The first part principally covers theoretical developments and seismic data analysis techniques from the end of the nineteenth century until the present, with the main emphasis on the development of instrumentation and its deployment. The second part reviews the status of knowledge on the structure of the Earths shallow layers, starting with a global review of the Earth's crustal structure. The third part focuses on the Earth's deep structure, divided into its main units: the upper mantle, the transition zone and upper-mantle discontinuities, the D region at the base of the mantle, and the Earth's core. The fourth part comprises two chapters which discuss constraints on Earth structure from fields other than seismology: mineral physics and geodynamics. - Self-contained volume starts with an overview of the subject then explores each topic with in depth detail - Extensive reference lists and cross references with other volumes to facilitate further research - Full-color figures and tables support the text and aid in understanding - Content suited for both the expert and non-expert
