The "Vertical" Generalization of Goldbach’s Conjecture – An Infinite Class of Conjectures Stronger than Goldbach’s PDF Download
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Author: Andrei-Lucian Drăgoi
Publisher: Dr. Andrei-Lucian Drăgoi
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
This work proposes the generalization of the binary (strong) Goldbach’s Conjecture, briefly called “the Vertical Binary Goldbach’s Conjecture”, which is essentially a meta-conjecture because it states an infinite number of conjectures stronger than Goldbach’s, which all apply on “iterative” primes with recursive prime indexes, with many potential theoretical and practical applications in mathematics and physics) and a very special self-similar property of the primes subset of positive integers.
Author: Andrei-Lucian Drăgoi
Publisher: Dr. Andrei-Lucian Drăgoi
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
This work proposes the generalization of the binary (strong) Goldbach’s Conjecture, briefly called “the Vertical Binary Goldbach’s Conjecture”, which is essentially a meta-conjecture because it states an infinite number of conjectures stronger than Goldbach’s, which all apply on “iterative” primes with recursive prime indexes, with many potential theoretical and practical applications in mathematics and physics) and a very special self-similar property of the primes subset of positive integers.
Author: Andrei-Lucian Drăgoi
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
This article proposes a synthesized classification of some Goldbach-like conjectures, including those which are “stronger” than the Binary Goldbach’s Conjecture (BGC) and launches a new generalization of BGC briefly called “the Vertical Binary Goldbach’s Conjecture” (VBGC), which is essentially a metaconjecture, as VBGC states an infinite number of conjectures stronger than BGC, which all apply on “iterative” primes with recursive prime indexes (i-primeths).
Author: Donal O'Shea
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 0802718949
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
Henri Poincaré was one of the greatest mathematicians of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. He revolutionized the field of topology, which studies properties of geometric configurations that are unchanged by stretching or twisting. The Poincaré conjecture lies at the heart of modern geometry and topology, and even pertains to the possible shape of the universe. The conjecture states that there is only one shape possible for a finite universe in which every loop can be contracted to a single point. Poincaré's conjecture is one of the seven "millennium problems" that bring a one-million-dollar award for a solution. Grigory Perelman, a Russian mathematician, has offered a proof that is likely to win the Fields Medal, the mathematical equivalent of a Nobel prize, in August 2006. He also will almost certainly share a Clay Institute millennium award. In telling the vibrant story of The Poincaré Conjecture, Donal O'Shea makes accessible to general readers for the first time the meaning of the conjecture, and brings alive the field of mathematics and the achievements of generations of mathematicians whose work have led to Perelman's proof of this famous conjecture.
Author: Peter B. Borwein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387721258
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 543
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Book Description
The Riemann Hypothesis has become the Holy Grail of mathematics in the century and a half since 1859 when Bernhard Riemann, one of the extraordinary mathematical talents of the 19th century, originally posed the problem. While the problem is notoriously difficult, and complicated even to state carefully, it can be loosely formulated as "the number of integers with an even number of prime factors is the same as the number of integers with an odd number of prime factors." The Hypothesis makes a very precise connection between two seemingly unrelated mathematical objects, namely prime numbers and the zeros of analytic functions. If solved, it would give us profound insight into number theory and, in particular, the nature of prime numbers. This book is an introduction to the theory surrounding the Riemann Hypothesis. Part I serves as a compendium of known results and as a primer for the material presented in the 20 original papers contained in Part II. The original papers place the material into historical context and illustrate the motivations for research on and around the Riemann Hypothesis. Several of these papers focus on computation of the zeta function, while others give proofs of the Prime Number Theorem, since the Prime Number Theorem is so closely connected to the Riemann Hypothesis. The text is suitable for a graduate course or seminar or simply as a reference for anyone interested in this extraordinary conjecture.
Author: Martin Aigner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662223430
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
According to the great mathematician Paul Erdös, God maintains perfect mathematical proofs in The Book. This book presents the authors candidates for such "perfect proofs," those which contain brilliant ideas, clever connections, and wonderful observations, bringing new insight and surprising perspectives to problems from number theory, geometry, analysis, combinatorics, and graph theory. As a result, this book will be fun reading for anyone with an interest in mathematics.
Author: Wissam Raji
Publisher: The Saylor Foundation
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 171
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Book Description
These notes serve as course notes for an undergraduate course in number theory. Most if not all universities worldwide offer introductory courses in number theory for math majors and in many cases as an elective course. The notes contain a useful introduction to important topics that need to be addressed in a course in number theory. Proofs of basic theorems are presented in an interesting and comprehensive way that can be read and understood even by non-majors with the exception in the last three chapters where a background in analysis, measure theory and abstract algebra is required. The exercises are carefully chosen to broaden the understanding of the concepts. Moreover, these notes shed light on analytic number theory, a subject that is rarely seen or approached by undergraduate students. One of the unique characteristics of these notes is the careful choice of topics and its importance in the theory of numbers. The freedom is given in the last two chapters because of the advanced nature of the topics that are presented.
Author: Béla Bajnok
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030561747
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 443
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Book Description
This undergraduate textbook promotes an active transition to higher mathematics. Problem solving is the heart and soul of this book: each problem is carefully chosen to demonstrate, elucidate, or extend a concept. More than 300 exercises engage the reader in extensive arguments and creative approaches, while exploring connections between fundamental mathematical topics. Divided into four parts, this book begins with a playful exploration of the building blocks of mathematics, such as definitions, axioms, and proofs. A study of the fundamental concepts of logic, sets, and functions follows, before focus turns to methods of proof. Having covered the core of a transition course, the author goes on to present a selection of advanced topics that offer opportunities for extension or further study. Throughout, appendices touch on historical perspectives, current trends, and open questions, showing mathematics as a vibrant and dynamic human enterprise. This second edition has been reorganized to better reflect the layout and curriculum of standard transition courses. It also features recent developments and improved appendices. An Invitation to Abstract Mathematics is ideal for those seeking a challenging and engaging transition to advanced mathematics, and will appeal to both undergraduates majoring in mathematics, as well as non-math majors interested in exploring higher-level concepts. From reviews of the first edition: Bajnok’s new book truly invites students to enjoy the beauty, power, and challenge of abstract mathematics. ... The book can be used as a text for traditional transition or structure courses ... but since Bajnok invites all students, not just mathematics majors, to enjoy the subject, he assumes very little background knowledge. Jill Dietz, MAA Reviews The style of writing is careful, but joyously enthusiastic.... The author’s clear attitude is that mathematics consists of problem solving, and that writing a proof falls into this category. Students of mathematics are, therefore, engaged in problem solving, and should be given problems to solve, rather than problems to imitate. The author attributes this approach to his Hungarian background ... and encourages students to embrace the challenge in the same way an athlete engages in vigorous practice. John Perry, zbMATH
Author: Florentin Smarandache
Publisher: Infinite Study
ISBN: 1599730065
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 141
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Book Description
Over 300 sequences and many unsolved problems and conjectures related to them are presented herein. The book contains definitions, unsolved problems, questions, theorems corollaries, formulae, conjectures, examples, mathematical criteria, etc. ( on integer sequences, numbers, quotients, residues, exponents, sieves, pseudo-primes/squares/cubes/factorials, almost primes, mobile periodicals, functions, tables, prime/square/factorial bases, generalized factorials, generalized palindromes, etc. ).
Author: Richard Crandall
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387289798
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 597
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Book Description
Bridges the gap between theoretical and computational aspects of prime numbers Exercise sections are a goldmine of interesting examples, pointers to the literature and potential research projects Authors are well-known and highly-regarded in the field
Author: John Derbyshire
Publisher: Joseph Henry Press
ISBN: 0309141257
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 447
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Book Description
In August 1859 Bernhard Riemann, a little-known 32-year old mathematician, presented a paper to the Berlin Academy titled: "On the Number of Prime Numbers Less Than a Given Quantity." In the middle of that paper, Riemann made an incidental remark â€" a guess, a hypothesis. What he tossed out to the assembled mathematicians that day has proven to be almost cruelly compelling to countless scholars in the ensuing years. Today, after 150 years of careful research and exhaustive study, the question remains. Is the hypothesis true or false? Riemann's basic inquiry, the primary topic of his paper, concerned a straightforward but nevertheless important matter of arithmetic â€" defining a precise formula to track and identify the occurrence of prime numbers. But it is that incidental remark â€" the Riemann Hypothesis â€" that is the truly astonishing legacy of his 1859 paper. Because Riemann was able to see beyond the pattern of the primes to discern traces of something mysterious and mathematically elegant shrouded in the shadows â€" subtle variations in the distribution of those prime numbers. Brilliant for its clarity, astounding for its potential consequences, the Hypothesis took on enormous importance in mathematics. Indeed, the successful solution to this puzzle would herald a revolution in prime number theory. Proving or disproving it became the greatest challenge of the age. It has become clear that the Riemann Hypothesis, whose resolution seems to hang tantalizingly just beyond our grasp, holds the key to a variety of scientific and mathematical investigations. The making and breaking of modern codes, which depend on the properties of the prime numbers, have roots in the Hypothesis. In a series of extraordinary developments during the 1970s, it emerged that even the physics of the atomic nucleus is connected in ways not yet fully understood to this strange conundrum. Hunting down the solution to the Riemann Hypothesis has become an obsession for many â€" the veritable "great white whale" of mathematical research. Yet despite determined efforts by generations of mathematicians, the Riemann Hypothesis defies resolution. Alternating passages of extraordinarily lucid mathematical exposition with chapters of elegantly composed biography and history, Prime Obsession is a fascinating and fluent account of an epic mathematical mystery that continues to challenge and excite the world. Posited a century and a half ago, the Riemann Hypothesis is an intellectual feast for the cognoscenti and the curious alike. Not just a story of numbers and calculations, Prime Obsession is the engrossing tale of a relentless hunt for an elusive proof â€" and those who have been consumed by it.
