The Use of Pulsed Neutron Diffraction to Measure Strain in Composites PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Author: M.T. Hutchings
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401127972
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
The accurate, absolute, and non-destructive measurement of residual stress fields within metallic, ceramic, and composite engineering components has been one of the major problems facing engineers for many years, and so the extension of X-ray methods to the use of neutrons represents a major advance. The technique utilizes the unique penetrating power of the neutron into most engineering materials, combined with the sensitivity of diffraction, to measure the separation of lattice planes within grains of polycrystalline engineering materials, thus providing an internal strain gauge. The strain is then converted to stress using calibrated elastic constants. It was just over ten years ago that the initial neutron diffraction measurements of residual stress were carried out, and during the ensuing decade measurements have commenced at most steady state reactors and pulsed sources around the world. So swift has been the development of the field that, in addition to fundamental scientific studies, commercial measurements have been made on industrial components for several years now. The use of neutrons is ideally suited to the determination of triaxial macrostress tensors, macrostress gradients, and microstresses in composites and multiphase alloys as well as deformed, plastically anisotropic metals and alloys. To date, it has been used to investigate welded and heat-treated industrial components, to characterize composites, to study the response of material under applied loads, to calibrate more portable methods such as ultrasonics, and to verify computer modelling calculations of residual and applied stress.
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Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Neutron diffraction time-of-flight measurements using the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source at Argonne National Laboratory have been employed to study strain in various metal- and ceramic-matrix composites. For example, measurements carried out to 900 C on a composite composed of a titanium alloy matrix and silicon carbide fibers have been used to validate theoretical assumptions in the prediction of fabrication-induced residual stress. Sapphire reinforced nickel aluminide composites have also been studied. Studies of a high-temperature ceramic superconducting composite consisting of yttrium barium copper oxide and silver with various volume fractions of silver have also been carried out. The results of these studies have provided information on the effect of Ag content on interface bonding. In addition, ceramic-matrix composites with randomly dispersed ceramic whiskers with varying fiber content have been investigated.
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Languages : en
Pages : 6
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The presence of residual stress in engineering components can effect their mechanical properties and structural integrity. Neutron diffraction in the only technique that can make nondestructive measurements in the interior of components. By recording the change in crystalline lattice spacings, elastic strains can be measured for individual lattice reflections. Using a pulsed neutron source, all lattice reflections are recorded in each measurement, which allows for easy examination of heterogeneous materials such as metal matrix composites. Measurements made at the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center (LANSCE) demonstrate the potential at pulsed sources for in-situ stress measurements at ambient and elevated temperatures.
Author: M.T. Hutchings
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1134389809
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
Over the past 25 years the field of neutron diffraction for residual stress characterization has grown tremendously, and has matured from the stage of trial demonstrations to provide a practical tool with widespread applications in materials science and engineering. While the literature on the subject has grown commensurately, it has also remained
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Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Author: M.E. Fitzpatrick
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203608992
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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While residual stress can be a problem in many industries and lead to early failure of component, it can also be introduced deliberately to improve lifetimes. Knowledge of the residual stress state in a component can be critical for quality control of surface engineering processes or vital to performing an accurate assessment of component life unde
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
A method and apparatus for orienting a pulsed neutron source and a multi-angle diffractometer toward a sample of a ceramic-matrix or metal-matrix composite so that the measurement of internal strain (from which stress is calculated) is reduced to uncomplicated time-of-flight measurements.
Author: Argonne National Laboratory
Publisher:
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Category : Nuclear energy
Languages : en
Pages : 186
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Book Description
Neutron diffraction provides a unique method for examining materials during thermo-mechanical loading because it is nondestructive and penetrating and can distinguish between the strains in individual phases. Using a pulsed neutron source, all lattice reflections are recorded in all constituents simultaneously. Preliminary in-situ strain measurements under- load of an aluminum/titanium carbide composite are presented here. The measurements were made using a compact stress rig on the neutron powder diffractometer at the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
