The Relationships Between Self-efficacy, Social Support and Physical Activity in Chinese College Students PDF Download
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Author: Yazhuo Deng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College students
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
The complex mechanism on how intrapersonal and interpersonal components are associated with physical activity under the framework of the Ecological Systems Theory is intriguing, but few studies have shed lights on it in Chinese college populations. This study examined the structural relationships between self-efficacy, social support and physical activity among Chinese college students. A total of 460 Chinese college students (254 men and 206 women) completed the questionnaires assessing self-efficacy, social support from family and friends, and physical activity in the domains of work, travel and recreation. The Structural Equation Modeling was used to investigate how social support from family and friends were directly and indirectly associated with physical activity when self-efficacy acted as the mediator. The results suggested that self-efficacy fully mediated the relationships between social support from friends and recreational physical activity, while social support from family was directly associated with work, travel and recreational physical activity. In addition, female students reported lower self-efficacy and less work and recreational physical activity than male students. Students in higher grade engaged in less travel and work physical activity than those in the lower grade. This study aided in the understanding of how self-efficacy and social support may predict physical activity behaviors in different domains among Chinese college students. Health educators should consider the interpersonal and intrapersonal factors as a useful combination when promoting physical activity in college settings.
Author: Yazhuo Deng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College students
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
The complex mechanism on how intrapersonal and interpersonal components are associated with physical activity under the framework of the Ecological Systems Theory is intriguing, but few studies have shed lights on it in Chinese college populations. This study examined the structural relationships between self-efficacy, social support and physical activity among Chinese college students. A total of 460 Chinese college students (254 men and 206 women) completed the questionnaires assessing self-efficacy, social support from family and friends, and physical activity in the domains of work, travel and recreation. The Structural Equation Modeling was used to investigate how social support from family and friends were directly and indirectly associated with physical activity when self-efficacy acted as the mediator. The results suggested that self-efficacy fully mediated the relationships between social support from friends and recreational physical activity, while social support from family was directly associated with work, travel and recreational physical activity. In addition, female students reported lower self-efficacy and less work and recreational physical activity than male students. Students in higher grade engaged in less travel and work physical activity than those in the lower grade. This study aided in the understanding of how self-efficacy and social support may predict physical activity behaviors in different domains among Chinese college students. Health educators should consider the interpersonal and intrapersonal factors as a useful combination when promoting physical activity in college settings.
Author: Zi Yan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chinese students
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
Chinese international students in American colleges and universities report low levels of physical activity involvement, which may limit them in terms of realizing their full human potential (i.e., cognitively, physically, socially). The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the psychosocial mechanisms as well as the sociocultural influences to understand physical activity behavior among Chinese international students in American higher education. The first manuscript reviewed the background of physical activity participation among Chinese students. It also reviewed empirical findings related to the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) model (Welk, 1999). The second manuscript tested a model of meeting physical activity recommendation (MPAR), using the YPAP model as the guiding framework in an effort to identify theoretical predictors of physical activity participation among Chinese international students. Results revealed that the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors predicted MPAR among Chinese international students. Different from Welk's (1999) model, however, we found that the enabling and reinforcing factors influenced physical activity indirectly through the predisposing factors, able(i.e., Am I able?) and worth (i.e., Is it worth it?), instead of directly. The results clarify how the YPAP model might be used to understand the physical activity behavior of Chinese international students studying in American colleges and universities. The third manuscript qualitatively explored the physical activity experiences of Chinese female international graduate students in terms of meanings, facilitators, and barriers to participation. It revealed that physical activity provided the participants with a break from their academic work, allowed them some alone time, gave them feelings of accomplishment, and taught them a process for accomplishing other things in their lives. Major facilitators included social influences, the availability of ample resources, their changing perceptions of femininity, and the need to improve or maintain their health. The most frequent barriers included a lack of time, self-efficacy, social support, "how to" information, and cultural barriers. This study adds to our understanding of the physical activity experiences of Chinese international graduate students, as well offers some direction to colleges and universities in the U.S. regarding how they might facilitate the physical activity behavior of Chinese international graduate students in the future. Based on the two empirical studies, colleges and universities ought to provide physical activity resources, as well as social resources, to increase the perceived competence, self-efficacy, positive attitude, and enjoyment of physical activity among Chinese international students. University curriculums and fitness training programs should include cross-cultural course content to increase awareness of the unique needs of international students, as well as to help them to remove barriers to their physical activity participation.
Author: Wei Liang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College students
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Background: Evidence has indicated a high prevalence of physical inactivity and insufficient consumption of fruit and vegetables among Chinese college students. As college students are in a crucial transition stage from adolescent to adulthood, such unhealthy lifestyle behaviors at this stage can result in nemerous negative consequences for both individuals and society. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to promote health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) and fruit-vegetable consumption (FVC) among Chinese college students. Interventions focused on multiple health behavior change (MHBC) have shown advantages over those targeting only a single health behavior, and have therefore gained popularity over the last decade. Despite the increasing use of Internet technology and apparent promise of web-based MHBC interventions, there have been few such interventions for HEPA and FVC among Chinese college students. In addition, within the overarching scope of web-based MHBC interventions, there are several remaining questions that need to be addressed, including the timing of MHBC intervention delivery, the high dropout rate of participants, and the psychological mechanisms behind MHBC. Purpose: The main purposes of the thesis were to (1) examine the comparative effectiveness of sequentially delivered web-based MHBC interventions for HEPA and FVC in Chinese college students from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives; (2) investigate characteristics of dropouts (using quantitative method) and the underlying reasons (using qualitative method); and (3) identify the active ingredients ("key mediators") of successful health interventions for changing single health behavior (HEPA or FVC), and examine the psychological mechanisms of MHBC (HEPA and FVC) in Chinese college students based on an integrated social-cognitive model. Method: In Study 1, two web-based MHBC interventions were developed based on the health action process approach (HAPA) model. In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), 552 eligible college students (M = 19.99 years, SD = 1.04, 58.3% female) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: HEPA-first (4 weeks of HEPA followed by 4 weeks of FVC intervention), FVC-first (4 weeks of FVC followed by 4 weeks of HEPA intervention), and a control group (8 weeks of placebo treatment unrelated to HEPA or FVC). All of the participants were asked to complete online questionnaires at four time-points: at baseline (T1, the beginning of the intervention), after 4 weeks (T2, after the first behavior intervention), after 8 weeks (T3, after the second behavior intervention), and after 12 weeks (T4, 1-month post-intervention follow-up). The questionnairs addressed health behaviors (HEPA and FVC), social- cognitive determinants of behavior change (intention, self-efficacy, planning, and social support for each behavior) and health outcomes (BMI, depression and perceived quality of life). All of the data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 25.0, applying a series of generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) to evaluate the intervention effectiveness. The mediation analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Process, with residualized change scores and the bias-corrected bootstrap approach (5000 resamples). Following the quantitative intervention study, to further evaluate the effects of aforementioned web-based MHBC interventions and to address dropout issues from a qualitative perspective, 30 students (M = 19.53 years, SD = 0.92, 56.7% female) who had participanted in Study 1 (18 completers and 12 dropouts), were invited to attend one-to-one and face-to-face semi-structured interviews (Study 2). The interviews covered three topics: 1) students' perceptions about their changes after participating in the web-based health program, 2) students' user experience and suggestions related to the design of the intervention content and the website layout and functionality, and 3) the reasons for dropping out. The audio-recorded interview data was transcribed orthographically and organized using QSR NVivo 11. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyze the qualitative data. In addition, a two-layer integrated social-cognitive model was hypothesized in Study 3 based on the HAPA model and Carry-over and Compensatory Action Model (CCAM). With a prospective design, 322 college students (M = 19.47 years, SD = 0.99, 55.6% female) were invited to report their past HEPA and FVC behavior, HEPA and FVC intentions, and demographics at baseline. After two months, an online questionnaire survey was used to collect data on their compensatory cognitions, combined volitional predictors of behavior change (self-efficacy + planning), and current HEPA and FVC behavior. All of the data were analyzed using Mplus 8.0. The proposed model was examined using structural equation modeling (SEM) with path analysis approach. Results: (1) Both the quantitative and the qualitative data fully supported the effectiveness of the web-based MHBC interventions for HEPA and FVC behavior. In addition, the effects on social-cognitive determinants of behavior change were partially supported by the quantitative data, and fully supported by the qualitative data. For health outcomes, the quantitative data supported the intervention effects on body mass index (BMI), and the qualitative data supported the effffects on both BMI and perceived quality of life. Moreover, the two delivery sequences did not show significantly different effects on HEPA after either 8 weeks or 12 weeks, whereas the FVC-first sequence showed superior effects over the HEPA-first sequence for FVC behavior after 12 weeks. (2) In terms of dropout, more male than female students withdrew from the interventions, and the dropouts showed lower HEPA self-efficacies, lower FVC planning, and inferior BMI status than completers. The interview results indicated two themes of dropout reasons: internal reasons (e.g., participants perceiving the health interventions as less necessary and less important) and external reasons (e.g., unfavorable living surroundings and problems with the program’s delivery mode, intervention content, and technology). (3) In terms of the mediators of successful interventions for changing each single health behavior, the RCT results indicated that self-efficacy and intention mediated the effectiveness of the intervention on immediate changes (after 8 weeks) in HEPA and FVC, and that intention had a mediating effect on sustained change (after 12 weeks) in both HEPA and FVC. In addition, the prospective study found that the two- layer integrated social-cognitive model proposed in this thesis successfully explained the psychological mechanisms of MHBC in Chinese college students. In particular, the first layer identified the mediating effects of the volitional predictors on the intention-behavior relation for each type of health behavior. The second layer identified a positive association between volitional predictors of HEPA and volitional predictors of FVC, as well as a mediating effect of compensatory cognition between FVC intention and HEPA behavior. Discussion and Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the comparative effectiveness of sequentially delivered web-based MHBC interventions on HEPA and FVC in Chinese college students, and the first to identify the psychological mechanisms of MHBC in a Chinese context. The findings provide both theoretical and practical implications for future research and the application of MHBC. Future studies should more comprehensively compare simultaneous vs. sequential designs, more systematically examine dropout and its determinants, and further explore the psychological mechanisms of MHBC, especially the transfer mechanisms between the volitional predictors of one health behavior on another
Author: John D. Mayer
Publisher: Scientific American / Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN: 0374708991
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
John D. Mayer, the renowned psychologist who co-developed the groundbreaking theory of emotional intelligence, now draws on decades of cognitive psychology research to introduce another paradigm-shifting idea: that in order to become our best selves, we use an even broader intelligence—which he calls personal intelligence—to understand our own personality and the personalities of the people around us. In Personal Intelligence, Mayer explains that we are naturally curious about the motivations and inner worlds of the people we interact with every day. Some of us are talented at perceiving what makes our friends, family, and coworkers tick. Some of us are less so. Mayer reveals why, and shows how the most gifted "readers" among us have developed "high personal intelligence." Mayer's theory of personal intelligence brings together a diverse set of findings—previously regarded as unrelated—that show how much variety there is in our ability to read other people's faces; to accurately weigh the choices we are presented with in relationships, work, and family life; and to judge whether our personal life goals conflict or go together well. He persuasively argues that our capacity to problem-solve in these varied areas forms a unitary skill. Illustrating his points with examples drawn from the lives of successful college athletes, police detectives, and musicians, Mayer shows how people who are high in personal intelligence (open to their inner experiences, inquisitive about people, and willing to change themselves) are able to anticipate their own desires and actions, predict the behavior of others, and—using such knowledge—motivate themselves over the long term and make better life decisions. And in outlining the many ways we can benefit from nurturing these skills, Mayer puts forward an essential message about selfhood, sociability, and contentment. Personal Intelligence is an indispensable book for anyone who wants to better comprehend how we make sense of our world.
Author: Chong Chen
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832546633
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
An increasing body of research suggests that physical activity, exercise, and sports enhance a wide range of cognitive and affective wellbeing, including attention, executive functions, memory and learning, creativity, stress resilience, and mental health. Engaging in regular physical activity has also been associated with a reduced risk of many neurological and psychiatric disorders, notably dementia, major depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders. However, firstly, it is still unclear what kind of physical activity, exercise, and sports conducted on how long a timescale brings maximal benefits to a specific outcome for a specific population. Secondly, how findings reported so far can be incorporated into daily practice by the general public and in educational, neurological, and psychiatric contexts remain unaddressed. Thirdly, the underlying psychological, physiological, and neurobiological mechanisms through which physical activity, exercise, and sports promote cognitive and affective wellbeing remain to be clarified. Several potential mechanisms have been proposed, including the activation of the prefrontal cortices and the dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission, the release of neurotrophins, the enhancement of neural plasticity and neurogenesis, and the decrease of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
Author: Sergio López García
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832545521
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 193
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Book Description
Author: Víctor Arufe Giráldez
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832523870
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Book Description
Author: Betsy Ng
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819978971
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 371
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Book Description
This book approaches the field of socioemotional learning from the perspective of self-determination theory (SDT). The volume examines socioemotional learning (SEL) in schools, higher educational institutions, and workplaces. It is a timely work in its comprehensive presentation of a means of understanding motivation for one’s own work, the motivation of others, stress tolerance, team-working, conflict resolution, as well as dealing with critical situations. Socioemotional learning relates to competencies in a combination of behaviors, cognitions, and emotions that are essential for all individuals’ success, including educational and employment settings. This book presents the most comprehensive discussion of SDT perspectives on socioemotional learning in various domains, ranging from formal to informal settings. This book is an essential resource for social scientists, educators, and researchers working in education, organizational psychology, and family sociology.
Author: Yun Ying K. Hung
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chinese students
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Most chronic diseases originate in early life and young adulthood and can be qualified as lifestyle diseases. The health-promoting behaviors of young adults are critically linked to the health status they can expect to have as older adults. Of the rapidly growing numbers of international students in the United States, Asian students comprise the largest proportion, with the majority of this group coming from China or Taiwan. This study aims to investigate the health-promoting behaviors and health needs of this specific group of international students. Even as they work to adjust to a foreign culture, society, and language, these students must also face the challenges of undertaking a new academic program. It is essential that they develop and practice health-promoting behaviors to promote and enhance their well-being, as well as to prevent the risks of developing a chronic illness. Perceived self-efficacy and social support are central predictors for adjustment to college and for health-promoting behaviors in college student populations. Although the influence of adjustment to college on students' academic performance and psychological health has been demonstrated, little is known regarding the relationship between adjustment to college and health-promoting behaviors in Chinese/Taiwanese international students. Therefore, this study sought to examine the effects of perceived self-efficacy and social support on health-promoting behaviors in Chinese/Taiwanese international students as mediated by their adjustment to college. A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational research design was used to test the study hypotheses. A convenience sample of 103 Chinese/Taiwanese students at a large public university in the Midwest completed questionnaires containing: the Generalized Self-efficacy Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, and the Demographic Data Questionnaire. The study model was tested using Baron and Kenney's procedures for mediation testing. The results from the study revealed that the effects of perceived self-efficacy and perceived social support on health-promoting behaviors were partially mediated through the level of adjustment to college. The mediator variable, adjustment to college, revealed a statistically significant ability to predict the students' health-promoting behaviors (Sobel = 3.0, p = 0.003; Sobel = 2.8, p = 0.005). These findings suggest that the effects of self-efficacy and social support on health-promoting behaviors in Chinese/Taiwanese international students may be mediated through their adjustment to college. Further research on larger and more diverse samples of international students is needed. However, if supported by future studies, these findings suggest that international students' level of adjustment to college plays a very important role in their health-promoting behaviors.
Author: Pedro Forte
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832551386
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
This Research Topic is the second volume of the article collection: "Towards a Psychophysiological Approach in Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sports". Please see the first volume here: https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/39747/towards-a-psychophysiological-approach-in-physical-activity-exercise-and-sports/magazine. In recent years, there has been an increase in interest in mental health disorders as a result of mediatic coverage of Olympic athletes’ mental health struggles, and also due to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns. These phenomena helped to further exacerbate a problem already extensively present in sport and society. Therefore, applying a psychophysiological approach to physical activity, exercise, and sports research has become very popular. Indeed, mental fatigue and mental disorders are not only psychological in origin, but also require an explanation from a psychophysiological perspective due to the effective interconnection between the psychological and physiological dimensions. Psychological variables can also influence performance and the psychophysiological system has a strong effect on the control of physical capacities. Moreover, pacing behaviour, decision-making, self-regulation, and effort perception can also explain the role of the brain in physical activity and exercise management. Thus, the aim of this Research Topic is to share the impact of a psychophysiological approach in physical activity, exercise, and sports. The goal of this Topic is to address the following: • Factors determining performance, including technical/tactical, physiological, cognitive, and psychosocial; • training and competition demand; • training interventions and testing in sports; • acute and chronic effects of training in psychophysiological variables; • coaching in sports; • strength and conditioning, mental health, and performance; • recent developments within sports sciences research. This Research Topic endeavors to explore at specific themes related to physiological stress and mental well-being. Additionally, we aim to provide evidence to coaches and sports scientists highlighting the relationship between training and competition demands, related to performance. We also want to analyze the effects of strength and conditioning training, and coaching effects (acute and chronic) on psychological and physiological. Finally, it is our intention to provide scientific literature with evidence for a relationship between movement, behavior and cognition with physiological performance: the psychophysiological approach.
