The Relationship of Plantarflexor and Dorsiflexor Strength to Gait Parameters in the Older Adult PDF Download
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Author: Laura Carmines
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foot
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
Abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to determine if a relationship exists between plantarfiexor and dorsiflexor strength and spatial and temporal gait parameters including velocity, cadence, step length, and single limb support, in the older adult. BACKGROUND: By determining if there is a relationship between strength and function it can lead the way for further research to examine strength training programs as a method of improving ambulation in an older adult. SUBJECTS: Subjects were adults 65 years or older who were recruited from Reed's Landing independent living facility and the local Springfield, MA community. METHODS: First, the subjects underwent familiarization with the Cybex NORM© isokinetic dynamometer followed by gait analysis using the Clinical Stride Analyzer©. Next, peak torque and work of the ankle musculature was measured using the isokinetic dynamometer. DATA ANALYSIS: SPSS version 17.0 statistical software program was used to perform a Pearson product correlation coefficient to determine correlations between the variables. An a posteriori regression analysis was also used to determine a difference between plantarfiexor and dorsiflexor strength to predict gait parameters. RESULTS: A strong correlation was found between gait velocity and step length (r=.92). Moderate negative correlations were identified between cadence and right dorsiflexor torque at 60°/sec (r -.58) and 120°/sec (r= -.55) and cadence and right dorsiflexor work (r= -.68). An a posteriori regression analysis did not reveal a significant difference between dorsiflexor and plantarfiexor torque in predicting cadence. CONCLUSIONS: The results did not strongly support the hypothesis of the study, which was that there would be a relationship between ankle musculature and gait parameters. It would be beneficial to perform further research on this topic to determine if a relationship does exist that may have been confounded by the limitations of this study or if other muscle groups have an impact on gait parameters in the older adult.
Author: Laura Carmines
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foot
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
Abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to determine if a relationship exists between plantarfiexor and dorsiflexor strength and spatial and temporal gait parameters including velocity, cadence, step length, and single limb support, in the older adult. BACKGROUND: By determining if there is a relationship between strength and function it can lead the way for further research to examine strength training programs as a method of improving ambulation in an older adult. SUBJECTS: Subjects were adults 65 years or older who were recruited from Reed's Landing independent living facility and the local Springfield, MA community. METHODS: First, the subjects underwent familiarization with the Cybex NORM© isokinetic dynamometer followed by gait analysis using the Clinical Stride Analyzer©. Next, peak torque and work of the ankle musculature was measured using the isokinetic dynamometer. DATA ANALYSIS: SPSS version 17.0 statistical software program was used to perform a Pearson product correlation coefficient to determine correlations between the variables. An a posteriori regression analysis was also used to determine a difference between plantarfiexor and dorsiflexor strength to predict gait parameters. RESULTS: A strong correlation was found between gait velocity and step length (r=.92). Moderate negative correlations were identified between cadence and right dorsiflexor torque at 60°/sec (r -.58) and 120°/sec (r= -.55) and cadence and right dorsiflexor work (r= -.68). An a posteriori regression analysis did not reveal a significant difference between dorsiflexor and plantarfiexor torque in predicting cadence. CONCLUSIONS: The results did not strongly support the hypothesis of the study, which was that there would be a relationship between ankle musculature and gait parameters. It would be beneficial to perform further research on this topic to determine if a relationship does exist that may have been confounded by the limitations of this study or if other muscle groups have an impact on gait parameters in the older adult.
Author: Rachel L. Tatarski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aging
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Locomotion is an important and inherent part of daily life and is integral in maintaining an independent lifestyle, especially in older adults whose functional capacity has declined. Physiological changes with aging, including loss of muscle mass, strength and power are manifested in walking, notably at the ankle joint. Old adults exhibit decreased power of the plantarflexors and increased power of the hip extensors. This distal to proximal shift in function could be due to plantarflexor weakness, so strengthening the plantarflexors may help reverse the negative physiological effects of aging and help preserve functional capacity in old adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of plantarflexor strength training on gait biomechanics during level walking at a self-selected, a safe maximum and a standard speed of 1.5 m/s in healthy old adults. A total of 12 healthy adults between the ages of 65 and 85 participated in this study (6 strengthening, 6 stretching). After baseline tests, the strengthening group performed resistance exercises for gastrocnemius and soleus muscles and the stretching group stretched them three times per week for 12 weeks. All subjects underwent gait assessments and maximal strength testing at the beginning and end of the 12 week training period. A 2 by 2 analysis of variance was used to determine significant interactions and main effects with an alpha level of p
Author: David A. Winter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomechanics
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
Author: Anne Shumway-Cook
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 1975217667
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1270
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Book Description
Motor Control: Translating Research into Clinical Practice, 6th Edition, is the only text that bridges the gap between current and emerging motor control research and its application to clinical practice. Written by leading experts in the field, this classic resource prepares users to effectively assess, evaluate, and treat clients with problems related to postural control, mobility, and upper extremity function using today’s evidence-based best practices. This extensively revised 6th Edition reflects the latest advances in research and features updated images, clinical features, and case studies to ensure a confident transition to practice. Each chapter follows a consistent, straightforward format to simplify studying and reinforce understanding of normal control process issues, age-related issues, research on abnormal function, clinical applications of current research, and evidence to support treatments used in the rehabilitation of patients with motor control problems.
Author: Karel Bobath
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521412025
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
This new and extensively revised edition of one of the most popular of the Clinics series, brings the original work up to date and clarifies Karel Bobath's account of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the motor disorders of cerebral palsy. It also highlights the advantages of very early treatment of infants before the disordered postures and movements are established. All those involved with physically handicapped children, and especially therapists, will find the book invaluable reading.
Author: Jim Richards
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702051993
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
Whittle’s Gait Analysis – formerly known as Gait Analysis: an introduction – is now in its fifth edition with a new team of authors led by David Levine and Jim Richards. Working closely with Michael Whittle, the team maintains a clear and accessible approach to basic gait analysis. It will assist both students and clinicians in the diagnosis of and treatment plans for patients suffering from medical conditions that affect the way they walk. Highly readable, the book builds upon the basics of anatomy, physiology and biomechanics Describes both normal and pathological gait Covers the range of methods available to perform gait analysis, from the very simple to the very complex. Emphasizes the clinical applications of gait analysis Chapters on gait assessment of neurological diseases and musculoskeletal conditions and prosthetics and orthotics Methods of gait analysis Design features including key points A team of specialist contributors led by two internationally-renowned expert editors 60 illustrations, taking the total number to over 180 Evolve Resources containing video clips and animated skeletons of normal gait supported by MCQs, an image bank, online glossary and sources of further information. Log on to http://evolve.elsevier.com/Whittle/gait to register and start using these resources today!
Author: Max Ellenberg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diabetes
Languages : en
Pages : 1184
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319144177
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The Handbook of Human Motion is a large cross-disciplinary reference work which covers the many interlinked facets of the science and technology of human motion and its measurement. Individual chapters cover fundamental principles and technological developments, the state-of-the-art and consider applications across four broad and interconnected fields; medicine, sport, forensics and animation. The huge strides in technological advancement made over the past century make it possible to measure motion with unprecedented precision, but also lead to new challenges. This work introduces the many different approaches and systems used in motion capture, including IR and ultrasound, mechanical systems and video, plus some emerging techniques. The large variety of techniques used for the study of motion science in medicine can make analysis a complicated process, but extremely effective for the treatment of the patient when well utilised. The handbook descri bes how motion capture techniques are applied in medicine, and shows how the resulting analysis can help in diagnosis and treatment. A closely related field, sports science involves a combination of in-depth medical knowledge and detailed understanding of performance and training techniques, and motion capture can play an extremely important role in linking these disciplines. The handbook considers which technologies are most appropriate in specific circumstances, how they are applied and how this can help prevent injury and improve sporting performance. The application of motion capture in forensic science and security is reviewed, with chapters dedicated to specific areas including employment law, injury analysis, criminal activity and motion/facial recognition. And in the final area of application, the book describes how novel motion capture techniques have been designed specifically to aid the creation of increasingly realistic animation within films and v ideo games, with Lord of the Rings and Avatar just two examples. Chapters will provide an overview of the bespoke motion capture techniques developed for animation, how these have influenced advances in film and game design, and the links to behavioural studies, both in humans and in robotics. Comprising a cross-referenced compendium of different techniques and applications across a broad field, the Handbook of Human Motion provides the reader with a detailed reference and simultaneously a source of inspiration for future work. The book will be of use to students, researchers, engineers and others working in any field relevant to human motion capture.
Author: Jack M. Guralnik
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 0788131222
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 407
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Book Description
Designed to help in the understanding of the causes & course of disability in older women. Offers an excellent overview of diseases & disability & their impact on older women. Covers: adaptation to disability, physical performance measures, the daily lives of disabled older women, utilization of health services, mental health & general well-being, pulmonary diseases & conditions, musculoskeletal disease, neurological conditions, vision & hearing, medication use, instrumental & emotional support, adaptation to disability, & much more.
Author: Andrea Ancillao
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319674374
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 133
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Book Description
This book reviews in detail the history of motion analysis, including the earliest attempts to capture, freeze, study and reproduce motion. The state-of-the-art technology in use today, i.e. optoelectronic systems, is then discussed, as motion capture now plays an important role in clinical decisions regarding the diagnosis and treatment of motor pathologies from the perspective of evidence based medicine. After reviewing previous experiments, the book discusses two modern research projects, providing detailed descriptions of the methods used and the challenges that arose in the context of designing the experiments. In these projects, advanced signal processing and motion capture techniques were employed in order to design: (i) a protocol for the validation and quality assurance of clinical strength measurements; (ii) an algorithm for interpreting clinical gait analysis data; and (iii) a number of user-friendly software tools that can be used in clinical settings to process dat a and to aggregate the results into reports. In closing, a thorough discussion of the results is presented from a contextual standpoint.
