The Optimal Capital Structure of an Economy PDF Download
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Author: Hans Gersbach
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Author: Hans Gersbach
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Author: Ulrike Messbacher
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3638449475
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 12
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Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1, University of Applied Sciences Kempten (University of Ulster), language: English, abstract: In accordance with the Signalling model by Ross (1977) an increase in gearing represents, in term of a company’s prospective cash flows, a positive signal to external investors. Because, due to the higher risk of financial distress, companies with less optimistic market prospective tend to avoid additional financial obligations. This implies that an increasing indebtedness means a higher quality of business and therefore better valuation. This leads, in turn, to the assumption that the corporate management can influence a firm’s value by changing its capital structure. If capital structure can affect value, how can firms identify an optimal capital structure and what will it look like? It is that mix of debt and equity that maximises the value of a firm and, at the same time, minimise overall cost of capital. In their seminal article, published in 1958 and 1963, Modigliani and Miller argue that under certain assumptions the value of a firm i s independent of its capital structure, but with tax-deductible interest payments, they are positively related. Moreover, there are other approaches with partly contradictory perceptions. For instance, Myers (1998, cited in Fairchild 2003, p.6) argues that there is no universal optimal mix of debt and equity; in fact it depends on firms or industries, and therefore should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Other researchers have added market imperfections, such as bankruptcy costs, agency costs, and gains from leverage- induced tax shields to the analysis and have maintained that an optimal capital structure may exist (Hatfieldet al.1994, p.1). First, this paper shows the basic determinants of a firm’s value in association with the impact of financial leverage on payoffs to stockholders. Secondly, it considers some arguments of capital structure theories, particularly the Modigliani and Miller theorem and the Traditional approach and contrasts them. Finally, the underlying factors of the model assumptions are examined and shown that they are important in the choice of a firm’s debt-equity ratio.
Author: Arvin Ghosh
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351530178
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 140
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Book Description
Capital structure theory is one of the most dynamic areas of finance and forms the basis for modern thinking on the capital structure of firms. Much controversy has resulted from comparisons of the theory of capital structure originally developed by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller to real-world situations. Two competing theories have emerged over the years, the optimal capital structure theory and the pecking order theory.Arvin Ghosh begins with an overview of the controversies regarding capital structure theories, and then statistically tests both the optimal capital structure and pecking order theories. Using the binomial approach he analyzes the determinants of capital structure while discussing the role of market power in determining capital structure decisions. Ghosh probes the questions of new stock offerings and stockholders' returns, and analyzes capital structure and executive compensation. He then looks into debt financing ownership structure, and the controversal relationship between capital structure and firm profitability. Finally, he discusses the latest developments in the field of capital structure.A concise overview of a major issue in business economics and finance, this volume provides a fuller understanding of capital structure influence on the financial performance of firms, and will certainly stimulate further debate. While hundreds of scholarly articles have been written on the subject this is the first book to test competing theories against measurements of firms' performance and their underlying capital structure.
Author: Marc Schauten
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 21
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Author: Benjamin M. Friedman
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226264238
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 404
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Book Description
The research reported in this volume represents the second stage of a wide-ranging National Bureau of Economic Research effort to investigate "The Changing Role of Debt and Equity in Financing U.S. Capital Formation." The first group of studies sponsored under this project, which have been published individually and summarized in a 1982 volume bearing the same title (Friedman 1982), addressed several key issues relevant to corporate sector behavior along with such other aspects of the evolving financial underpinnings of U.S. capital formation as household saving incentives, international capital flows, and government debt management. In the project's second series of studies, presented at the National Bureau of Economic Research conference in January 1983 and published here for the first time along with commentaries from that conference, the central focus is the financial side of capital formation undertaken by the U.S. corporate business sector. At the same time, because corporations' securities must be held, a parallel focus is on the behavior of the markets that price these claims.
Author: Aslı Demirgüç-Kunt
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Capital investments
Languages : en
Pages : 44
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Book Description
Are debt and equity finance complements or substitutes? Probably complements, which means that the existence of active stock markets should increase the volume of business for financial intermediaries.
Author: Lutfa Ferdous
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3668945705
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: M.B.A, University of Dhaka, course: Master of Finance, language: English, abstract: Capital structure is one of the most converse and vital issues both in finance literature and practical research. This research deals with the theoretical and empirical aspects of capital structure decision. It is observed that the determination of debt ratio is subtle and sophisticated to determine, and its estimation is still a matter of debate, and yet there is no entirely satisfactory theoretical model for forecasting the optimal debt ratio in the firm's capital structure. There is little consensus on how firms choose their capital structure and how the firm-specific factors influence the shape of the capital structure. This research develops a link between theory and practice of capital structure. This study has supported a set of sample firms to show the impact of six factors determinants on the financial leverage and how they comply with the findings derived by different previous theories regarding these factors. Least Square method has been used to assess the influence of defined explanatory variables on the capital structure by using the dataset of Bangladeshi manufacturing firms for the period 2000 to 2004. Out of Six examined explanatory variables-agency-equity, agency debt, Bankruptcy, profitability are statistically significant determinants of financial leverage. Otherwise, growth rate and operating leverage are found to be insignificant. Agency-equity, agency debt, bankruptcy operating leverage, profitability, growth rate, all these are showing a negative relation with the dependent variable. Also, this paper suggests that the institutional context and macroeconomic events play an essential role in the capital structure decisions of Bangladeshi companies. It would seem appropriate that further research should focus on the role played by the institutional framework, such as the impact of taxation, the practice of good corporate governance, legal and regulatory structure.
Author: Köseo?lu, Sinem Derindere
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799810887
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Defining the value of an entire company can be challenging, especially for large, highly competitive business markets. While the main goal for many companies is to increase their market value, understanding the advanced techniques and determining the best course of action to maximize profits can puzzle both academic and business professionals alike. Valuation Challenges and Solutions in Contemporary Businesses provides emerging research exploring theoretical and practical aspects of income-based, market-based, and asset-based valuation approaches and applications within the financial sciences. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as growth rate, diverse business, and market value, this book is ideally designed for financial officers, business professionals, company managers, CEOs, corporate professionals, academicians, researchers, and students seeking current research on the challenging aspects of firm valuation and an assortment of possible solution-driven concepts.
Author: Anton Miglo
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319307134
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This book focuses on microeconomic foundations of capital structure theory. It combines theoretical results with a large number of examples, exercises and applications. The book examines fundamental ideas in capital structure management, some of which are still not very well understood in the business community, such as Modigliani and Miller’s irrelevance result, trade-off theory, pecking-order theory, asset substitution, credit rationing and debt overhang. Chapters also cover capital structure issues that have become very important following the recent financial crisis. Miglo discusses the ways in which financial economists were forced to look critically at capital structure, as the problems faced by many companies stemmed from their financing policies following the crisis. The book also discusses links between capital structure and firm’s performance, corporate governance, firm’s strategy and flexibility, and covers such topics as life cycle approach to capital structure management, capital structure of small and start-up companies, corporate financing versus project financing and examples of optimal capital structure analyses for different companies. This comprehensive guide to capital structure theory will be of interest to all students, academics and practitioners seeking to understand this fast-developing and critical area of business management.
Author: Marc Schauten
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24
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Book Description
Despite a vast literature on the capital structure of the firm there still is a big gap between theory and practice. Starting with the seminal work by Modigliani amp; Miller, much attention has been paid to the optimality of capital structure from the shareholders' point of view. Over the last few decades studies have been produced on the effect of other stakeholders' interests on capital structure. Well-known examples are the interests of customers who receive product or service guarantees from the company. Another area that has received considerable attention is the relation between managerial incentives and capital structure. Furthermore, the issue of corporate control and, related, the issue of corporate governance, receive a lion's part of the more recent academic attention for capital structure decisions. From all these studies, one thing is clear: The capital structure decision (or rather, the management of the capital structure over time) has to deal with more issues than the maximization of the firm's market value alone. In this paper, we give an overview of the different objectives and considerations that have been proposed in the literature. We show that capital structure decisions can be framed as multiple criteria decision problems which can then benefit from multiple criteria decision support tools that are widely available.
