The Interplay Between Immune Activation and Cardiovascular Disease During Infection, Autoimmunity and Aging: The Role of T Cells PDF Download
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Author: Marta Catalfamo
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288971232X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 167
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Author: Marta Catalfamo
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288971232X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 167
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Book Description
Author: Kenneth Murphy
Publisher: Garland Science
ISBN: 9780815344575
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Author: Dietmar Herndler-Brandstetter
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889194183
Category : Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Nothing provided
Author: Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832507751
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 231
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Author: Valquiria Bueno
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319433652
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 189
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Book Description
The present book intends to provide an update on immunosenescence and how deficiencies in the immune system contribute to a higher susceptibility to infections, decline in organ function, reduced vaccination responses, age-related disease and the ageing process itself, negatively affecting longevity. Our focus is on the main changes in immune system cells and their products occurring during the ageing process and the possible consequences for health and disease. This includes: discussion of the modulatory and/or suppressive mechanisms associated with the alterations in T regulatory cells, B regulatory cells and Myeloid Derived Suppressor cells; changes in the immune system observed in chronic neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, lung disease and frailty will also be discussed. Most importantly we provide recent literature information about possible interventions (focusing on physical activity) that could alleviate the negative effects of immunosenescence. The Ageing Immune System and Health is a comprehensive guide on the field intended to all physicians, researchers, professors and students interested on relationship between immune system, ageing and health.
Author: Kenneth F. May
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Autoimmunity
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Abstract: Costimulatory molecules, including 4-1BB, CTLA-4, and B7, play a critical role in the activation, sustenance, and regulation of T cell immune responses. Manipulation of these pathways holds promise for the development of therapies for cancer and autoimmunity. Anti-4-1BB monoclonal antibody (mAb) has been demonstrated to boost anti-tumor immunity in animal models. Using a model of tumor-specific CD8 T cell adoptive immunotherapy, we demonstrate that anti-4-1BB mAb can mediate the rejection of large established tumors in the absence of CD4 T cell help. Anti-4-1BB mAb increases populations of tumor-specific CD8 T cells in peripheral blood by reduction of activation-induced cell death, but not increased T cell proliferation. The use of anti-CTLA-4 mAb has also been shown to enhance anti-tumor immunity. Here we employ two novel "humanized" mouse models to screen anti-human CTLA-4 mAb for translation to human cancer therapy. Using the hu-PBL-SCID model of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferative disease, we show that anti-human CTLA-4 mAb promotes the in vivo expansion of human CD8 and CD4 T cells, and the generation of antigen specific CD8 T cell responses to EBV lymphoma. This correlates with reduced levels of the oncogenic EBV protein LMP-1, and increased survival in these mice. We also characterize the creation of a knock-in mouse model in which mouse T cells express the human CTLA-4 molecule. Preliminary testing in this mouse model supports the use of this model to screen anti-human CTLA-4 mAb for clinical use. Understanding the role of B7/CD28/CTLA-4 interaction in immune activation and tolerance in autoimmune disease is fundamental to successful intervention targeted at costimulatory molecules. We describe the spontaneous development of whole-body alopecia, lymphadenopathy, and skin disease in mice lacking B7 molecules. This disease is mediated by autoimmune CD4 T cells, which induce multi-organ inflammation when transferred to mice expressing B7 molecules. This disease may result from impaired development of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in B7-deficient mice. Since provision of Treg can abrogate the multi-organ inflammation despite lack of B7 molecules on the auto-pathogenic T cells, interaction between CTLA-4 on Treg and B7-1/2 on effector T cells is not essential for Treg function.
Author: Lauren M. Sompayrac
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118997778
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
How the Immune System Works has helped thousands of students understand what’s in their big, thick, immunology textbooks. In his book, Dr. Sompayrac cuts through the jargon and details to reveal, in simple language, the essence of this complex subject. In fifteen easy-to-read chapters, featuring the humorous style and engaging analogies developed by Dr. Sompayrac, How the Immune System Works explains how the immune system players work together to protect us from disease – and, most importantly, why they do it this way. Rigorously updated for this fifth edition, How the Immune System Works includes the latest information on subjects such as vaccines, the immunology of AIDS, and cancer. A highlight of this edition is a new chapter on the intestinal immune system – currently one of the hottest topics in immunology. Whether you are completely new to immunology, or require a refresher, How the Immune System Works will provide you with a clear and engaging overview of this fascinating subject. But don’t take our word for it! Read what students have been saying about this classic book: "What an exceptional book! It's clear you are in the hands of an expert." "Possibly the Best Small Text of All Time!" "This is a FUN book, and Lauren Sompayrac does a fantastic job of explaining the immune system using words that normal people can understand." "Hands down the best immunology book I have read... a very enjoyable read." "This is simply one of the best medical textbooks that I have ever read. Clear diagrams coupled with highly readable text make this whole subject easily understandable and engaging." Now with a brand new website at www.wiley.com/go/sompayrac featuring Powerpoint files of the images from the book
![TCR Affinity and Negative Regulation Limit Autoimmunity [microform] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/2KB8tAEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Matthew Adam Gronski
Publisher: Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
ISBN: 9780494077047
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 380
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Book Description
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) represent a subset of lymphocytes that are important for effective immune responses to a variety of pathogens including viruses. However, these cells have also been implicated in the development of various autoimmune diseases. This thesis investigates some of the factors that are important during the development of autoimmunity and immune responses. In one study presented here, the importance of high affinity interactions between TCR of naive, autoreactive T cells and peptide/MHC for the development of autoimmunity was evaluated. It was found that high affinity interactions are important for disease development, unless the T cell negative regulatory molecule Cbl-b was missing. The second study was different in that the importance of affinity of self-reactive T cells for peptide/MHC on the tissue was assessed. Surprisingly, high affinity interactions at the target recognition stage were crucial for T cell infiltration into the tissue and disease development. In the final study, the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b in autoimmunity was evaluated. Using gene deficient animals and a transgenic model of diabetes, it was found that Cbl-b plays a variety of roles in the immune system. It is required to maintain immunological ignorance in vivo and its absence circumvents the need for APC maturation signals to break tolerance and induce autoimmunity. Furthermore, Cbl-b is important in limiting pathogen-induced immune responses. Together, these results contribute to the understanding of factors that regulate the development of autoimmunity.
Author: Alexander Choukèr
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030169960
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 756
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Book Description
This book explains how stress – either psychological or physical – can activate and/or paralyse human innate or adaptive immunity. Adequate immunity is crucial for maintaining health, both on Earth and in space. During space flight, human physiology is specifically challenged by complex environmental stressors, which are most pronounced during lunar or interplanetary missions. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book identifies the impact of these stressors – the space exposome – on immunity as a result of (dys-)functions of specific cells, organs and organ networks. These conditions (e.g. gravitation changes, radiation, isolation/confinement) affect immunity, but at the same time provide insights that may help to prevent, diagnose and address immune-related health alterations. Written by experts from academia, space agencies and industry, the book is a valuable resource for professionals, researchers and students in the field of medicine, biology and technology. The chapters “The Impact of Everyday Stressors on the Immune System and Health”, “Stress and Radiation Responsiveness” and “Assessment of Radiosensitivity and Biomonitoring of Exposure to Space adiation” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309477166
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 739
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Book Description
From 1962 to 1971, the U.S. military sprayed herbicides over Vietnam to strip the thick jungle canopy that could conceal opposition forces, to destroy crops that those forces might depend on, and to clear tall grasses and bushes from the perimeters of US base camps and outlying fire-support bases. Mixtures of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), picloram, and cacodylic acid made up the bulk of the herbicides sprayed. The main chemical mixture sprayed was Agent Orange, a 50:50 mixture of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T. At the time of the spraying, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most toxic form of dioxin, was an unintended contaminant generated during the production of 2,4,5-T and so was present in Agent Orange and some other formulations sprayed in Vietnam. Because of complaints from returning Vietnam veterans about their own health and that of their children combined with emerging toxicologic evidence of adverse effects of phenoxy herbicides and TCDD, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine was asked to perform a comprehensive evaluation of scientific and medical information regarding the health effects of exposure to Agent Orange, other herbicides used in Vietnam, and the various components of those herbicides, including TCDD. Updated evaluations were conducted every two years to review newly available literature and draw conclusions from the overall evidence. Veterans and Agent Orange: Update 11 (2018) examines peer-reviewed scientific reports concerning associations between various health outcomes and exposure to TCDD and other chemicals in the herbicides used in Vietnam that were published between September 30, 2014, and December 31, 2017, and integrates this information with the previously established evidence database.
