The Impact of Freedson Bout Vs. Non- Freedson Bout Physical Activity on Metabolic Syndrome Risk in College Students PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Purpose The aim of this study is to examine moderate to vigorous physical activity in Freedson bouts compared to non-Freedson bouts and their association with Metabolic Syndrome risk factors in college students. Methods 72 subjects aged 18-26 were recruited from James Madison University. Subjects height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and body composition were assessed on visit 1. Blood pressure, fasted blood glucose, and lipid profile were assessed on visit 2. Subjects wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer, which measured physical activity and sleep for 7 days and nights. Univariate Pearson correlation analyses were performed to determine the relationship physical activity variables and MetS risk factors. Variables determined to have the greatest correlation for each risk factor were used as independent variables in a step-wise, multiple linear regression to determine the best predictor for each MetS risk factor. Variables established as having the greatest correlation with MetS were evaluated as covariates. Statistical significance was set a priori at p0.05. Results Correlational analyses suggest the strongest predictors of MetS were daily average time in moderate activity, daily average MVPA, total number of Freedson bouts, total minutes in Freedson bouts, total MVPA, and total steps. Step count was the only significant predictor of waist circumference and systolic blood pressure (Rsup2/sup= 0.07; p0.05; Rsup2/sup= 0.14; p
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
Purpose The aim of this study is to examine moderate to vigorous physical activity in Freedson bouts compared to non-Freedson bouts and their association with Metabolic Syndrome risk factors in college students. Methods 72 subjects aged 18-26 were recruited from James Madison University. Subjects height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and body composition were assessed on visit 1. Blood pressure, fasted blood glucose, and lipid profile were assessed on visit 2. Subjects wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer, which measured physical activity and sleep for 7 days and nights. Univariate Pearson correlation analyses were performed to determine the relationship physical activity variables and MetS risk factors. Variables determined to have the greatest correlation for each risk factor were used as independent variables in a step-wise, multiple linear regression to determine the best predictor for each MetS risk factor. Variables established as having the greatest correlation with MetS were evaluated as covariates. Statistical significance was set a priori at p0.05. Results Correlational analyses suggest the strongest predictors of MetS were daily average time in moderate activity, daily average MVPA, total number of Freedson bouts, total minutes in Freedson bouts, total MVPA, and total steps. Step count was the only significant predictor of waist circumference and systolic blood pressure (Rsup2/sup= 0.07; p0.05; Rsup2/sup= 0.14; p
Author: Jordan Christopher Donald Robson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Less than 15% of North American adults currently met the physical activity guidelines. These guidelines recommend that adults accumulate at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in bouts of 10 minutes or more. Emerging evidence suggests that accumulating sporadic MVPA (i.e. physical activity performed in periods of less than 10 consecutive minutes) also has health benefits. Little is known about how much sporadic physical activity (SPA) adults get. Furthermore, it is not known if SPA needs to be of at least moderate intensity to convey health benefits. The purpose of this thesis was twofold: 1) to describe SPA levels and intensity patterns in adults, and 2) to investigate the relationship between various intensities of SPA and the metabolic syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Data for the thesis research came from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative cross-sectional sample of adults from the United States. Physical activity was measured over 7 days using accelerometers, which are small electronic sensors worn on the hip. The metabolic syndrome was determined from direct body measurements and blood samples. Results of this thesis indicate that the typical American adult accumulates 103 minutes/day of SPA, which represented 27% of their total daily physical activity. Of these 103 minutes/day, only 2 minutes/day were of moderate-to-vigorous intensity. However, adults accumulated 16 minutes/day of MVPA that was embedded within bouts of primarily light intensity activity - is activity did not meet the MVPA bout criteria but it was not truly sporadic since it occurred within bouts of primarily light intensity activity. Accumulation of this iii embedded MVPA was as strongly related to the MetS as bouted MVPA. Conversely, sporadic light intensity physical activity was weakly associated with the metabolic syndrome. Together, these results suggest MVPA is commonly accumulated outside of the current recommended bout length and that this type of activity is strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome.
Author: Mary Catherine Nagle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Exercise
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Author: Joseph R. Montoya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diabetes
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Category : Exercise for children
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Robert Edward Booker (Jr.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 101
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Book Description
Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading causes of worldwide mortality, of which metabolic syndrome is a major contributor. Increased sedentary behavior and decreased physical activity have been independently associated with increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome and subsequent maladies. Likewise, the development of more contemporary methodologies of measuring metabolic syndrome allow for a more nuanced examination of risk. However, these new methodologies lack extensive utilization among the physical activity epidemiology literature. The scarcity of research incorporating the independent relations between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and contemporary methodologies to measure metabolic syndrome warrants additional investigation. This dissertation aimed to further discern these relations using three different cohort data sets. Data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES), the Jackson Heart Study (JHS), and the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study were utilized to further elucidate the relations between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and metabolic syndrome in three separate studies. The studies observed the majority of waking hours were spent engaged in sedentary behaviors; although, each cohort also appeared to meet the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Metabolic syndrome positive individuals from NHANES engaged in similar amounts of physical activity as the general population. While the diversity of physical activity type was less, the physical activities engaged in were typically at the same prevalence among metabolic syndrome positive and the general populations. Sedentary behaviors were associated with increased metabolic syndrome severity score, but this relation was attenuated when moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were added to the model for both JHS and CARDIA studies. Decreasing sedentary time and with an equivalent amount of physical activity, of any intensity, is beneficial for cardiometabolic health. Understanding which physical activities subpopulations engage in can be paired with culturally competent interventions to increase physical activity engagement. Exceeding the minimum requirements for the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans can produce increases in cardiorespiratory fitness, which have an independent positive impact on cardiometabolic health. Strategies should aim to increase physical activity among sedentary individuals, while limiting sedentary time among those physically active.
Author: Michael F. Leitzmann
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319615521
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 650
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This book addresses the origins, determinants and magnitude of the global problem of sedentary behaviour, along with concise yet in-depth solutions for tackling it. As a consequence of major technological advances in modern society, many people find themselves in environments characterized by prolonged sedentary behaviour. Although inadequate exercise has long been known to cause adverse health consequences, sedentary behaviour has recently emerged as a risk factor for the development of numerous chronic diseases and health conditions. Building on the contributions of leading experts in the field, this book presents current knowledge about sedentary behaviour, its medical and public health significance, its correlates and determinants, measurement techniques, and recommendations for addressing this behaviour at the individual, community, environmental, and policy level. Applying a cross-disciplinary methodology, the book avoids considering physical activity and sedentary behavior as a single continuum, which potentially hampers progress in confronting widespread levels of sedentariness. Rather, the book helps readers better understand how sedentary and physically active behavior co-occur and how the two behaviours have distinct contributing factors. Building on the contributions of distinguished international experts in the field, this thorough resource is a valuable asset and challenges professionals, researchers, students, and practitioners alike to adopt new strategies and expand their reach.
Author: Michael Gleeson
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0443101183
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. Designed to help readers understand and evaluate the relationship between exercise, immune function and infection risk, this book presents evidence for the "J-shaped" relationship between exercise load and infection risk. It also describes the components of the human immune system and key functions that protect the body from disease, the impact of acute and chronic psychological stress on immune function, and practical guidelines for minimizing the risk of immunodepression and infection in athletes. Further chapters explore different ways of measuring immune function, as well as the effects of heavy training on innate and specific (acquired) immunity, exercise in environmental extremes, and nutrition. Connections between exercise, infection risk, and immune function in special populations (elderly, obese, diabetic and HIV patients) are also addressed. Authored by a team of highly experienced experts. The "J-shaped" relationship between exercise load and infection risk is described, backed by current research and evidence. Components of the immune system and normal immune function are explained in detail, as well as methods for measuring immune function. The impact of acute and chronic psychological stress on immune function is presented, along with suggestions for minimizing the risk of immunodepression and infection in athletes. The effects of heavy training, exercise in environmental extremes, and nutrition are discussed with regard to their impact on innate and specific (acquired) immunity. Immune function in special populations (elderly, obese, diabetic and HIV patients) is also addressed, exploring links between exercise and infection risk in these groups. Evidence-based coverage includes a list of references in each chapter, as well as suggestions for further reading that direct readers to important texts and review articles. Information is presented in an easily accessible format, following a logical progression of material. LEach chapter begins with a list of learning objectives and ends with a list of key points to reinforce learning. A glossary at the end of the book defines all key terms and abbreviations.
Author: Weimo Zhu
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 1492586463
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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From office jobs and long commutes to passive entertainment like television and video games, humans are sitting more than ever. Though lack of exercise has major health consequences, researchers are now examining the additional and widespread health risk of the simple act of sitting for extended periods. With research from leading scientists, Sedentary Behavior and Health: Concepts, Assessments, and Interventions presents evidence on sedentary behavior, its apparent health risks, and suggestions on measuring and altering this behavior. The highly respected international author team provides an interdisciplinary review of current research, examining scientific, public health, and broader social questions about the implications of sedentary behavior. These topics include humans’ physiological predispositions, exacerbation of current health conditions like obesity and diabetes, and the design and ergonomics of offices and chairs. To examine the many facets of this developing area of study, Sedentary Behavior and Health is divided into five parts: • “Sedentary Behavior Concepts and Context” reviews the physiology of sedentary behavior, investigating current habits from the perspectives of evolution, industrial engineering, and design. • “Sedentary Behavior and Health” explores the relationship between sedentary behavior and several major chronic diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and low-back pain. • “Measuring and Analyzing Sedentary Behavior” explains research methods for understanding and measuring sedentary behavior in order to recognize patterns and design interventions. • “Sedentary Behavior and Subpopulations” covers issues, risks, and behaviors in groups such as children, working adults, older adults, and minorities. • “Changing Sedentary Behavior” provides methods and recommendations for improvement with environmental, social, community, worksite, and technology-based interventions. Included in this groundbreaking text are learning objectives, key concepts, and study questions to focus attention on key issues and reinforce concepts. Reviews of the literature in the field are presented, many with comparisons in table form, to provide the full scope of research. Sidebars throughout the text apply theoretical concepts to real-world scenarios. Inactivity is mismatched with many aspects of humans’ genetic makeup. While it is becoming the new norm, the consequences of this behavior are emerging as a public health threat. Sedentary Behavior and Health will serve as a key reference for the rapidly emerging research area of sedentary behavior.
Author: Debasis Bagchi
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128139234
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 820
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Book Description
Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performance: Muscle Building, Endurance and Strength, Second Edition, includes comprehensive sections on the role of nutrition in human health, various types of physical exercises, including cardiovascular training, resistance training, aerobic and anaerobic exercises, bioenergetics and energy balance, and the nutritional requirements associated with each. Other sections cover sports and nutritional requirements, the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building, an exhaustive review of various foods, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, competition training, healthy cooking, physical training, and lifestyle and dietary recommendations for sports performance. This updated edition includes new chapters on mood, alertness, calmness and psychomotor performance in sports, extreme sports, natural myostatin inhibitor and lean body mass, the benefits of caffeine in sport nutrition formulations, the role of vitamin D in athletic performance, probiotics and muscle mass. Provides a comprehensive appraisal of the nutritional benefits of exercise in human health Compiles chapters reviewing the nutritional prophylaxis in human health Addresses performance enhancement drugs and sports supplements Presents various types of physical exercises and addresses exercise and nutritional requirements in special populations Discusses sports nutrition and the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle building Contains an exhaustive review of various food, minerals, supplements, phytochemicals, amino acids, transition metals, small molecules and other ergogenic agents Highlights the aspects of healthy cooking, physical training, lifestyle and dietary recommendations for sports performance
