The Impact of Firm Subsidies PDF Download
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Author: Bastian Alm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Bastian Alm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Raffaello Bronzini
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Usha C.V. Haley
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199773742
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Government subsidies have contributed to China's success as manufacturer and exporter in capital-intensive industries. China's state-capitalist regime uses subsidies to stabilize and create common understandings of markets among governments and firms.
Author: Mr.Carlo A Sdralevich
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498350437
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries price subsidies are common, especially on food and fuels. However, these are neither well targeted nor cost effective as a social protection tool, often benefiting mainly the better off instead of the poor and vulnerable. This paper explores the challenges of replacing generalized price subsidies with more equitable social safety net instruments, including the short-term inflationary effects, and describes the features of successful subsidy reforms.
Author: Marc Benitah
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403503343
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
Subsidies are arguably the dominant theme in International Economic Law. A prolific case law has been elaborated by WTO Panels and Appellate Body in response to the multitude of complaints lodged in the past two decades (Softwood Lumber, Airbus, Boeing, etc.) Unfortunately, it is possible to be overwhelmed by the complexity of this case law. This book provides a comprehensive approach in response to this complexity. First, it avoids unnecessary legal jargon, making it accessible to a large public. Second, it adopts a comprehensive and progressive approach where legal subtleties are not avoided but presented at the right moment and the right place. The reader is therefore not overwhelmed from the outset by a multitude of details. The first Part of the book adopts the perspective of a WTO Member seeking to counter an alleged subsidy granted by another Member. To this end, this first Part scans and analyzes in detail all WTO Agreements, containing cumulative disciplines and remedies relating to subsidies. Therefore, it is not only the SCM Agreement that is scanned and analyzed but also the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA), GATT 1994, and even the 1980 Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft (ATCA). The second Part of the book adopts the perspective of a WTO Member accused of granting subsidies violating subsidies disciplines.To this end, an original classification is offered of the various strategies that can be used by this Member. For this purpose, a distinction is made between the “threshold strategy” where the existence of a challengeable subsidy is recused from the outset, the “denying violation of disciplines strategy,”the “exemption or exception strategy,” the “procedural and evidentiary strategy,” and finally the “implementing strategy.” The last Part of this book, which could turn out to be the most useful for the community of agents concerned by subsidies, offers an original examination of pending legal issues. To this end, a relevant distinction is established between pending legal issues partially answered by present case law and pending legal issues not still answered by present case law. This case law and the norms disciplining subsidies in WTO Agreements are of utmost importance first for International Trade Ministries, Parliaments, and International Institutions (OECD, CNUCED, FAO, etc.). However, Non-Governmental Organizations (World Wide Fund, etc.) are also directly concerned by this topic regarding, for example, fisheries subsidies and their impact on overexploitation of marine resources. The private sector (fishing fleets, fishermen, extractive industries, etc.) is also affected by this topic particularly regarding future investments.Law firms involved in subsidies cases are naturally at the forefront of the community of agents concerned by this topic.
Author: Nachum Finger
Publisher: Greenwood
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Author: Ralph Siebert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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We consider a simple game-theoretic multistage model in which a government can provide subsidies to different incumbent firms competing in a vertically differentiated oligopoly model. We find that a subsidy provided to the high-quality firm only, returns the highest net total surplus and net consumer surplus. This finding is somewhat unexpected since a subsidy to the high-quality firm results in higher product prices and lower product demands compared to providing the subsidy to the low-quality firm only. Our finding is explained by the fact that (among all cases) a subsidy provision to the high-quality firm only, requires the smallest subsidy, returns the highest product quality, results in the highest degree of product differentiation in the market and the highest firms' profits. Moreover, our study shows that subsidy-receiving firms always withdraw their former products from the market after they introduced a new product into the market. Finally, the high-quality firm has a higher incentive to hinder the low-quality firm from receiving a subsidy compared to the low-quality firm.
Author: Ufuk Akcigit
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 54
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We study how external versus internal innovations promote economic growth through a tractable endogenous growth framework with multiple innovation sizes, multi-product firms, and entry/exit. Firms invest in external R&D to acquire new product lines and in internal R&D to improve their existing product lines. A baseline model derives the theoretical implications of weaker scaling for external R&D versus internal R&D, and the resulting predictions align with observed empirical regularities for innovative firms. Quantifying a generalized model for the recent U.S. economy using matched Census Bureau and patent data, we observe a modest departure for external R&D from perfect scaling frameworks.
Author: Reda Cherif
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 41
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We investigate the effect of R&D subsidies on firms’ innovation by ownership, industry, and firm size using German firm-level data. The impact of R&D subsidies is heterogeneous across industries for multinational corporations (MNCs) and domestic firms while it does not differ substantially by firm size. Domestic firms have a larger response in R&D spending in low-tech manufacturing, knowledge-intensive services, and technological services while the response of domestic and foreign MNCs is broadly similar and is greater in medium-tech and high-tech manufacturing. Foreign MNC subsidiaries’ response in terms of patents is greater than that of domestic MNCs in most industries.
Author: John Bishop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Employment subsidies
Languages : en
Pages : 51
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