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Author: Liora Greenberg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with an increased risk for neurocognitive and neurobehavioral deficits. Because these impairments can be difficult to detect using current neuroimaging methods, it is important to identify instruments that are brief and reliable assessments of neuropsychological functioning post injury. Slower reaction times (RTs) have been associated with mTBI. Because RT is comprised of several interactive processes including drift rate (v), boundary separation (a), and Ter, slower RTs may arise due to changes to any of these components. The goal of this study is to determine whether and which RT components are impacted by mTBI, and whether they relate to other neuropsychological variables. Performance on a 25-trial forced choice response task (the Computerized Assessment of Response Bias; CARB) was used to extract Drift Diffusion Model (DDM) estimates of v, a, and Ter. At baseline, 214 college athletes were administered a neuropsychological evaluation and had useable diffusion variables. 166 of these sustained a sports-related concussion. 7 of these participants had useable diffusion variables at a post-concussion visit. Additionally, 39 college athletes had useable diffusion variables at a post-concussion follow-up visit, irrespective of their baseline diffusion data. Baseline analyses indicated associations between v and neuropsychological functioning. However no significant relationships emerged between DDM variables and symptom severity. RT components were generally unaffected by concussion. DDM analyses did not differ among athletes who sustained a concussion versus others. This may be due primarily to the combination of the error rate demanded by the DDM and the typically low error rate of the CARB, as well as possible motivational influences in this particular population.
Author: Liora Greenberg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with an increased risk for neurocognitive and neurobehavioral deficits. Because these impairments can be difficult to detect using current neuroimaging methods, it is important to identify instruments that are brief and reliable assessments of neuropsychological functioning post injury. Slower reaction times (RTs) have been associated with mTBI. Because RT is comprised of several interactive processes including drift rate (v), boundary separation (a), and Ter, slower RTs may arise due to changes to any of these components. The goal of this study is to determine whether and which RT components are impacted by mTBI, and whether they relate to other neuropsychological variables. Performance on a 25-trial forced choice response task (the Computerized Assessment of Response Bias; CARB) was used to extract Drift Diffusion Model (DDM) estimates of v, a, and Ter. At baseline, 214 college athletes were administered a neuropsychological evaluation and had useable diffusion variables. 166 of these sustained a sports-related concussion. 7 of these participants had useable diffusion variables at a post-concussion visit. Additionally, 39 college athletes had useable diffusion variables at a post-concussion follow-up visit, irrespective of their baseline diffusion data. Baseline analyses indicated associations between v and neuropsychological functioning. However no significant relationships emerged between DDM variables and symptom severity. RT components were generally unaffected by concussion. DDM analyses did not differ among athletes who sustained a concussion versus others. This may be due primarily to the combination of the error rate demanded by the DDM and the typically low error rate of the CARB, as well as possible motivational influences in this particular population.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309288037
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 215
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Book Description
In the past decade, few subjects at the intersection of medicine and sports have generated as much public interest as sports-related concussions - especially among youth. Despite growing awareness of sports-related concussions and campaigns to educate athletes, coaches, physicians, and parents of young athletes about concussion recognition and management, confusion and controversy persist in many areas. Currently, diagnosis is based primarily on the symptoms reported by the individual rather than on objective diagnostic markers, and there is little empirical evidence for the optimal degree and duration of physical rest needed to promote recovery or the best timing and approach for returning to full physical activity. Sports-Related Concussions in Youth: Improving the Science, Changing the Culture reviews the science of sports-related concussions in youth from elementary school through young adulthood, as well as in military personnel and their dependents. This report recommends actions that can be taken by a range of audiences - including research funding agencies, legislatures, state and school superintendents and athletic directors, military organizations, and equipment manufacturers, as well as youth who participate in sports and their parents - to improve what is known about concussions and to reduce their occurrence. Sports-Related Concussions in Youth finds that while some studies provide useful information, much remains unknown about the extent of concussions in youth; how to diagnose, manage, and prevent concussions; and the short- and long-term consequences of concussions as well as repetitive head impacts that do not result in concussion symptoms. The culture of sports negatively influences athletes' self-reporting of concussion symptoms and their adherence to return-to-play guidance. Athletes, their teammates, and, in some cases, coaches and parents may not fully appreciate the health threats posed by concussions. Similarly, military recruits are immersed in a culture that includes devotion to duty and service before self, and the critical nature of concussions may often go unheeded. According to Sports-Related Concussions in Youth, if the youth sports community can adopt the belief that concussions are serious injuries and emphasize care for players with concussions until they are fully recovered, then the culture in which these athletes perform and compete will become much safer. Improving understanding of the extent, causes, effects, and prevention of sports-related concussions is vitally important for the health and well-being of youth athletes. The findings and recommendations in this report set a direction for research to reach this goal.
Author: Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498766579
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
Author: Elisabeth Sherman
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199856184
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1121
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Book Description
A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests, Fourth Edition is one of the most well-established reference texts in neuropsychology. This newly-revised, updated, and expanded fourth edition provides a comprehensive overview of essential aspects of neuropsychological practice along with 100 test reviews of well-known neuropsychological tests for adults. The aim of the Compendium is to provide a comprehensive yet practical overview of the state of the field while also summarizing the evidence on the theoretical background, norms, reliability, and validity of commonly-used neuropsychological tests. Based on extensive review of the clinical and research literature in neuropsychology, neurology, and related disciplines, its comprehensive critical reviews of common neuropsychological tests and standardized scales include tests for premorbid estimation, dementia screening, IQ, attention, executive functioning, memory, language, visuospatial skills, sensory function, motor skills, performance validity, and symptom validity. Tables within each test review summarize important features of each test, highlight aspects of each normative dataset, and provide an overview of psychometric properties. This essential reference text also covers basic and advanced aspects of neuropsychological assessment with chapters on psychometric concepts and principles, reliability in neuropsychology, theoretical models of test validity, and an overview of critical concepts pertaining to performance and symptom validity testing and malingering. Of interest to neuropsychologists, clinical psychologists, educational psychologists, neurologists, and psychiatrists as well as trainees in these areas, this volume will aid practitioners in gaining a deeper understanding of fundamental assessment concepts in neuropsychology while also serving as an essential guidebook for selecting the right test for specific clinical situations and for helping clinicians make empirically-supported test interpretations.
Author: Thomas A. Stetz
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1506308074
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
The Student Study Guide for Foundations of Psychological Testing has 15 chapters corresponding to those in the main text and follows a consistent structure for quick and easy access to key information. To help students understand and apply material related to psychological testing, the guide offers overviews, learning objectives, outlines, key concepts, crossword puzzles, tips by learning objective, additional exercises, additional learning activities, practice questions, and answer keys. Save your students money! Bundle the guide with the main text. Use Bundle ISBN: 978-1-5063-2208-7. The main text, Foundations of Psychological Testing: A Practical Approach, Fifth Edition, offers a clear introduction to the basics of psychological testing as well as to psychometrics and statistics. The practical book includes discussion of foundational concepts and issues, using real-life examples and situations students will easily recognize, relate to, and find interesting. A variety of pedagogical tools further the conceptual understanding needed for effective use of tests and test scores. Now aligned with the 2014 Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, the Fifth Edition offers new and expanded content throughout.
Author: Dennis E. Hinkle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematical statistics
Languages : en
Pages : 514
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Author: Leslie S. Zun
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110701848X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 415
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This comprehensive, go-to volume features cutting edge discussion of the emergency department management of mental health patients.
Author: Brian Sindelar
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498764584
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 257
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Book Description
This new edition reflects the explosion of knowledge in basic science and clinical care for athletes with mild traumatic brain injury or concussion. Interest in management and methodology for making diagnoses and improving the clinical outcomes have changed dramatically. All U.S. states have laws dictating how sports concussion patients are cared for and require return to play decisions be coordinated with best practice methods. Epidemiology, classification, and biology of sports concussion, as well as, brain imaging, assessment tests, neuropsychological measures, and management strategies are covered. Illustrative clinical cases, correlative examples, and historical insights are featured.
Author: Christian Dettmers
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889197638
Category : Medicine (General)
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
Dear Readers, If you are engaged in the treatment of patients with MS (pwMS), this e-book’s aim is to offer novel insights to improve on an understanding of one of the major problems of pwMS: fatigue. Although there is increasing research into fatigue and its impact on MS, this collection of ten articles supports a better understanding of fatigue in MS patients. It explores pathophysiological concepts, provoking mechanisms, objective measurements, personality interactions, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions and summarizes clinical management. It is written by neurologists, psychologists, scientists and therapists and addresses this group of people, who deal with pwMS in private, clinical, rehabilitation or scientific settings. Its aim is to communicate high-quality information, knowledge and experience on MS to healthcare professionals, while providing global support for the international MS community.
Author: J. T. Reason
Publisher: Prentice Hall
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
