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Author: Stuart Raby
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319552554
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
These course-tested lectures provide a technical introduction to Supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (SUSY GUTs), as well as a personal view on the topic by one of the pioneers in the field. While the Standard Model of Particle Physics is incredibly successful in describing the known universe it is, nevertheless, an incomplete theory with many free parameters and open issues. An elegant solution to all of these quandaries is the proposed theory of SUSY GUTs. In a GUT, quarks and leptons are related in a simple way by the unifying symmetry and their electric charges are quantized, further the relative strength of the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces are predicted. SUSY GUTs additionally provide a framework for understanding particle masses and offer candidates for dark matter. Finally, with the extension of SUSY GUTs to string theory, a quantum-mechanically consistent unification of the four known forces (including gravity) is obtained. The book is organized in three sections: the first section contains a brief introduction to the Standard Model, supersymmetry and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Then SUSY GUTs in four space-time dimensions are introduced and reviewed. In addition, the cosmological issues concerning SUSY GUTs are discussed. Then the requirements for embedding a 4D SUSY GUT into higher-dimensional theories including gravity (i.e. String Theory) are investigated. Accordingly, section two of the course is devoted to discussing the so-called Orbifold GUTs and how in turn they solve some of the technical problems of 4D SUSY GUTs. Orbifold GUTs introduce a new set of open issues, which are then resolved in the third section in which it is shown how to embed Orbifold GUTs into the E(8) x E(8) Heterotic String in 10 space-time dimensions.
Author: Graham Ross
Publisher: Westview Press
ISBN: 9780805369687
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
Grand Unified Theories introduces the application of gauge field theories to a unified description of the strong, electromagnetic, weak, and gravitational interactions. The phenomenological aspects of the work are emphasized and explicit calculations presented. Many of the aspects of current research, including technicolor models, supersymmetry and supergravity, and the cosmological implications of these theories, are discussed in this book.This book is suitable for graduate students with a background in quantum mechanics, and experimental and theoretical particle physicists who want to understand the grand unified theories.
Author: Stuart Raby
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319552554
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 426
Get Book Here
Book Description
These course-tested lectures provide a technical introduction to Supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (SUSY GUTs), as well as a personal view on the topic by one of the pioneers in the field. While the Standard Model of Particle Physics is incredibly successful in describing the known universe it is, nevertheless, an incomplete theory with many free parameters and open issues. An elegant solution to all of these quandaries is the proposed theory of SUSY GUTs. In a GUT, quarks and leptons are related in a simple way by the unifying symmetry and their electric charges are quantized, further the relative strength of the strong, weak and electromagnetic forces are predicted. SUSY GUTs additionally provide a framework for understanding particle masses and offer candidates for dark matter. Finally, with the extension of SUSY GUTs to string theory, a quantum-mechanically consistent unification of the four known forces (including gravity) is obtained. The book is organized in three sections: the first section contains a brief introduction to the Standard Model, supersymmetry and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Then SUSY GUTs in four space-time dimensions are introduced and reviewed. In addition, the cosmological issues concerning SUSY GUTs are discussed. Then the requirements for embedding a 4D SUSY GUT into higher-dimensional theories including gravity (i.e. String Theory) are investigated. Accordingly, section two of the course is devoted to discussing the so-called Orbifold GUTs and how in turn they solve some of the technical problems of 4D SUSY GUTs. Orbifold GUTs introduce a new set of open issues, which are then resolved in the third section in which it is shown how to embed Orbifold GUTs into the E(8) x E(8) Heterotic String in 10 space-time dimensions.
Author: Abdus Salam
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521371406
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
Paul Adrian Maurice Dirac, one of the greatest physicists of the twentieth century, died in 1984. His college, St John's College, Cambridge, generously endowed annual lectures to be held at Cambridge University in his memory. This 1990 volume includes an expanded version of the third Dirac Memorial Lecture presented by Abdus Salam.
Author: G. A. Oyibo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
General theorem providing a mathematical basis for a Grand Unified Field Theory or a Theory of Everything (TOE) is presented. The Grand Unified Theorem produces a set of unified field equations from which Yang-Mills equations, other physical equations, and in general, mathematical equations, which have ever been known to human beings, can be recovered. The solution seems to mathematically represent the modification of space-time structure predicted by Einstein's general relativity theory. A good part of the material presented in this work has been reviewed by the American Mathematical Society and the European Mathematical Society in the Zentralblatt fur Mathematik.
Author: Chaul Ryu
Publisher: Publish America
ISBN: 9781413737493
Category : Grand unified theories (Nuclear physics)
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
The Grand Unified Theory is the unification theory of the four fundamental forces of nature (gravity, electromagnetism, strong nuclear force, and weak nuclear force). It is through the interactions between these four forces of nature that everything in our universe is created, including our DNA and the cells that compose our body. Einstein spent much of the later part of his life trying to unify these forces, but without success. The grand unified theory is also called the theory of everything, because it is supposed to answer many fundamental questions about our universe. The questions such as, why does our universe exist? Why is our universe composed of three-dimensional space and not five or six? What is energy? Why is there conscious life in our universe? What is the function of life in the universal order?
Author: Rabindra N. Mohapatra
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475719280
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
The theoretical understanding of elementary particle interactions has under gone a revolutionary change during the past one and a half decades. The spontaneously broken gauge theories, which in the 1970s emerged as a prime candidate for the description of electro-weak (as weIl as strong) interactions, have been confirmed by the discovery of neutral weak currents as weIl as the w- and Z-bosons. We now have a field theory of electro-weak interactions at energy scales below 100 GeV-the Glashow-Weinberg-Salam theory. It is a renormalizable theory which enables us to do calculations without en countering unnecessary divergences. The burning question now is: Wh at lies ahead at the next level of unification? As we head into the era of supercolliders and ultrahigh energy machines to answer this question, many ap, pealing possi bilities exist: left-right symmetry, technicolor, compositeness, grand unifica ti on, supersymmetry, supergravity, Kaluza-Klein models, and most recently superstrings that even unify gravity along with other interactions. Experi ments will decide if any one or any combination of these is to be relevant in the description of physics at the higher energies. As an outcome of our con fidence in the possible scenerios for elementary particle physics, we have seen our understanding of the early uni verse improve significantly.
Author: Randell L. Mills
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780963517197
Category : Grand unified theories (Nuclear physics)
Languages : en
Pages : 1726
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Book Description
Author: Paul Davies
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 0671605739
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
From Simon & Schuster, Superforce is Paul Davies' latest work that searches for a grand unified theory of nature. Superforce explains how recent discoveries in physics and the new cosmology have transformed concepts of the physical world by linking space, time, matter, force, creation, order, and mind into the ultimate scientific theory.
Author: Jeroen van Dongen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139643924
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
Why did Einstein tirelessly study unified field theory for more than thirty years? In this book, the author argues that Einstein believed he could find a unified theory of all of nature's forces by repeating the methods he thought he had used when he formulated general relativity. The book discusses Einstein's route to the general theory of relativity, focusing on the philosophical lessons that he learnt. It then addresses his quest for a unified theory for electromagnetism and gravity, discussing in detail his efforts with Kaluza-Klein and, surprisingly, the theory of spinors. From these perspectives, Einstein's critical stance towards the quantum theory comes to stand in a new light. This book will be of interest to physicists, historians and philosophers of science.
Author: H. Kuno
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781986656061
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
To tell the conclusions first, the present theory represents the final unification theory on the universe dimensions although it may not be understood instantly, represents the truth of the universe in parallel with the superstring theory and the M theory and is the blueprint of the Universe that assumes a major pillar of the Grand Unified Theory (GUT). The present theory allows the human being to have the entire image of the Universe, can explain any and all problems of physics that have remained unsolved to date, clarifies the dimension structures of the Universe, and is coherent and unique beyond comparison. Furthermore, the present theory demonstrates its consistency with the superstring theory and the M theory by simply assuming the 5th or greater dimensions in such a manner to meet the definitions and conditions of the conventional 4th or lower dimensions while considering the universe dimensions as the entropy-expanding receptacle. In addition to these benefits, the present theory can provide discrepancy-free, coherent, theoretical explanations for a diversity of unsolved problems of cosmophysics (e.g., the Big Bang inflation model, the membrane universe theory, black hole spacetime, dark matter, dark energy, compatibility of the particle and wave natures of quanta, infinite superimposition of time reversal spacetime and antimatter, all field theories, conditions for existence of elementary particles in the dimensions, the GUT of matters and force, and others). I consider that the further introduction of "The Unified Theory of the Universe Dimensions" and "The Unified Dimension Elementary Particles Theory" will provide coherent explanations for sorts of conventional unsolved problems of cosmophysics. The final conclusions of this series of articles are the following: 1) golden symmetry exists in the 0th to 10th dimensions of the universe; 2) the universe vacuum originally consisted of 10th dimension; and 3) our cosmos exists in the 4th dimension in which the 7th to 10th dimensions in forward direction are superimposed infinitely while being influenced by the graviton of the 10th dimension. The universe that is observed or calculated from the 4th dimension produces the biased view of dimensions for the phenomena of five or greater dimensions because dimensional complementation occurs. Namely, we observe, through the window of the 4th dimensional spacetime, elementary particles in the 7th to 10th dimensions that have coexisted from the beginning. Cosmophysics in the future will need to discuss five or greater dimensions by stratum. The present theory is the final unification theory on the universe dimensions, is in parallel with the superstring theory and the M theory, and constitutes a major pillar of the GUT. Rather, the present theory constitutes the GUT and contains a number of the rules and theorems of everything that may cause the paradigm shift in conventional cosmophysics, and becomes the legacy that is critically important and unique beyond comparison for the human being. To repeat the statement, the present theory can explain many problems of physics that have remained unsolved to date, can elucidate the dimensional structure of the universe, and tells the truth of the Universe without discrepancy. The present theory, which I coined "The Unified Theory of the Universe Dimensions (UTUD)," provides the most beautiful, universal symmetry that theoretical physicists and mathematicians have sought for. Furthermore, the UTUD does not require any of the arbitrary setting of parameters, the unreasonable renormalization of infinite terms, anthropic principle-based ideas, etc. The Universe has only one pattern of the 10th dimension, and the relationship of our cosmos of the 4th dimension-the Cosmos-with 10th dimensional spacetime is determined uniquely. And, I assumed only the five items.
