Author: Hans Eggenkamp
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642285066
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
This book provides detailed information on the history, analysis and applications of chlorine and bromine isotope geochemistry. Chlorine and bromine are geochemically unique as they prefer to exist as single charged negative ions. For this reason isotope fractionation reflects mostly processes that are not related to changes in the redox state and this fractionation is generally modest. The book will describe the processes that are most easily detected using these isotopes. Also isotope variations, and processes that cause them, measured in oxidised species such as perchlorates and in organic molecules will be described in this book.
Author: Jochen Hoefs
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030776921
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 528
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Book Description
This classic textbook is an introduction to the systematics and the use of stable isotopes in geosciences. It is subdivided into three parts: i) theoretical and experimental principles, ii) fractionation processes of light and heavy elements, iii) the natural variations of geologically important reservoirs. Since the publication of the previous edition improvements in multi-collector ICP mass-spectrometry have increased the ability to measure isotope ratios with very high precision for many elements of the periodic table. The amount of published data has increased tremendously in the last years; thus, conclusions based on a limited database are now better constrained. In this new edition, therefore, 47 elements with resolvable natural variations in isotope composition are discussed. This increase of elements, together with advances in the calculation of equilibrium isotope fractionation using ab initio methods, has led to an unbelievable rise of publications, making substantial major revisions and extensions of the last edition necessary. Many new references have been added, which enable quick access to recent literature.
Author: C.P. Marshall
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0412755009
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 677
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Book Description
This is a complete and authoritative reference text on an evolving field. Over 200 international scientists have written over 340 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including organics, trace elements, isotopes, high and low temperature geochemistry, and ore deposits, to name just a few.
Author: H.G.M. Eggenkamp
Publisher: Onderzoek en Beleving
ISBN: 9081605933
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
"The geochemistry of chlorine isotopes" describes Hans Eggenkamp's studies to obtain his PhD degree at Utrecht University. It describes methods to measure stable chlorine isotope variations in different types of natural samples, theoretical fractionation as the result of diffusion and about ten case studies showing chlorine isotope fractionation in natural systems. In these case studies it was discovered that chlorine stable isotopes fractionate only little, although systematically, in processes such as salt precipitation and diffusion. Variations found in natural samples reflect as such in most cases processes that take place within (larger) reservoirs. The main purpose of the project was to develop procedures to measure stable chlorine isotope compositions in different sample types and to study variations therein. The study gives a good overview of the knowledge on stable chlorine isotope geochemistry at the moment of its original publication in 1994.
Author: Jochen Hoefs
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662033771
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 333
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Book Description
Stable Isotope Geochemistry is an introduction to the use of stable isotopes in the fields of geoscience. It is subdivided into three parts: - theoretical and experimental principles; - fractionation mechanisms of light elements; - the natural variations of geologically important reservoirs. In this updated 4th edition many of the chapters have been expanded, especially those on techniques and environmental aspects. The main focus is on recent results and new developments. For students and scientists alike the book will be a primary reference with regard to how and where stable isotopes can be used to solve geological problems.
Author: Pier A. de Groot
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080533272
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1265
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Book Description
(Parent with price) Volume I contains subjective reviews, specialized and novel technique descriptions by guest authors. Part 1 includes contributions on purely analytical techniques and Part 2 includes matters such as development of mass spectrometers, stability of ion sources, standards and calibration, correction procedures and experimental methods to obtain isotopic fractionation factors.Volume II will be available in 2005.
Author: William M. White
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319393117
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1680
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Book Description
The Encyclopedia is a complete and authoritative reference work for this rapidly evolving field. Over 200 international scientists, each experts in their specialties, have written over 330 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, isotope and organic geochemistry, meteorites and cosmochemistry, the carbon cycle and climate, trace elements, geochemistry of high and low temperature processes, and ore deposition, to name just a few. The geochemical behavior of the elements is described as is the state of the art in analytical geochemistry. Each topic incorporates cross-referencing to related articles, and also has its own reference list to lead the reader to the essential articles within the published literature. The entries are arranged alphabetically, for easy access, and the subject and citation indices are comprehensive and extensive. Geochemistry applies chemical techniques and approaches to understanding the Earth and how it works. It touches upon almost every aspect of earth science, ranging from applied topics such as the search for energy and mineral resources, environmental pollution, and climate change to more basic questions such as the Earth’s origin and composition, the origin and evolution of life, rock weathering and metamorphism, and the pattern of ocean and mantle circulation. Geochemistry allows us to assign absolute ages to events in Earth’s history, to trace the flow of ocean water both now and in the past, trace sediments into subduction zones and arc volcanoes, and trace petroleum to its source rock and ultimately the environment in which it formed. The earliest of evidence of life is chemical and isotopic traces, not fossils, preserved in rocks. Geochemistry has allowed us to unravel the history of the ice ages and thereby deduce their cause. Geochemistry allows us to determine the swings in Earth’s surface temperatures during the ice ages, determine the temperatures and pressures at which rocks have been metamorphosed, and the rates at which ancient magma chambers cooled and crystallized. The field has grown rapidly more sophisticated, in both analytical techniques that can determine elemental concentrations or isotope ratios with exquisite precision and in computational modeling on scales ranging from atomic to planetary.
Author: Fang-Zhen Teng
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 3110545632
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 902
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Book Description
The development of multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) makes it possible to precisely measure non-traditional stable isotopes. This volume reviews the current status of non-traditional isotope geochemistry from analytical, theoretical, and experimental approaches to analysis of natural samples. In particular, important applications to cosmochemistry, high-temperature geochemistry, low-temperature geochemistry, and geobiology are discussed. This volume provides the most comprehensive review on non-traditional isotope geochemistry for students and researchers who are interested in both the theory and applications of non-traditional stable isotope geochemistry.
Author: J. Hoefs
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662130327
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 151
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Book Description
Over 10 years have passed since RANKAMA'S second book, Progress in Isotope Geology, surveyed the literature on isotope abundance deter minations. In the meantime the number of measurements and publi cations has increased enormously. Therefore, it seems necessary to summarize the knowledge in this field in the light of more recent developments. The title of this book was chosen because the whole field of radio active isotope geochemistry has been deliberately omitted. The book is divided into three parts. Section A gives the theory of isotope effects and the technical background, both aspects being discussed rather briefly. The author regrets some shortcomings in the introductory section, especially in the theoretical treatment of isotope fractionation, but he has been trained mainly in earth sciences rather than in physical chemistry. Section B gives a summary of the fractionation mechanisms affecting the most important elements - hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and sulfur. Further, it surveys some other elements that have not yet been as thoroughly investigated. Section C surveys the most important results from a geological stand point. In some cases the opinions of different authors on the same sub ject are summarized without comment, because the field of stable isotope geology is growing so rapidly that a final answer cannot be given at the moment. It is obvious that in writing this book, which is of the survey type, the author could not rely only on his own experiments and experience.
Author:
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0080983006
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 14787
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Book Description
This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!
