The genesis of hydrocarbons. PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The genesis of hydrocarbons. PDF full book. Access full book title The genesis of hydrocarbons. by Bogdan Góralski. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Bogdan Góralski
Publisher: Bogdan Góralski
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Get Book Here
Book Description
Abstrakt Modern petroleum geology is built on the theory of the organic origin of hydrocarbons. It is claimed that they are formed as a result of dipping of organic carbon-rich sedimentary layers and their thermal transformation by which hydrocarbons are generated. Conventional looking at the formation of hydrocarbons is based on buried in a sedimentation pool dead biomass of organisms and their long-lasting microbial degradation in an anaerobic environment with the simultaneous influence of temperature and pressure. This process creates a transformed organic material of high molecular weight called kerogen. About 1% of the live mass of the organic may be stored in kerogen in favorable conditions. Regardless of the type of kerogen, increasing temperature and pressure leads to the dissociation temperature or the cracking and forms a crude oil or natural gas. The secondary cracking at a higher temperature and pressure may result in the smallest particles of hydrocarbons, methane (Sephton, Hazen 2013). This theory does not answer the question of why there are massive accumulations of hydrocarbons reaching hundreds of millions of tons when their hitherto regarded as the mother layers, source rocks, is so little spread in the geological profile?
Author: Bogdan Góralski
Publisher: Bogdan Góralski
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Get Book Here
Book Description
Abstrakt Modern petroleum geology is built on the theory of the organic origin of hydrocarbons. It is claimed that they are formed as a result of dipping of organic carbon-rich sedimentary layers and their thermal transformation by which hydrocarbons are generated. Conventional looking at the formation of hydrocarbons is based on buried in a sedimentation pool dead biomass of organisms and their long-lasting microbial degradation in an anaerobic environment with the simultaneous influence of temperature and pressure. This process creates a transformed organic material of high molecular weight called kerogen. About 1% of the live mass of the organic may be stored in kerogen in favorable conditions. Regardless of the type of kerogen, increasing temperature and pressure leads to the dissociation temperature or the cracking and forms a crude oil or natural gas. The secondary cracking at a higher temperature and pressure may result in the smallest particles of hydrocarbons, methane (Sephton, Hazen 2013). This theory does not answer the question of why there are massive accumulations of hydrocarbons reaching hundreds of millions of tons when their hitherto regarded as the mother layers, source rocks, is so little spread in the geological profile?
Author: Alexander A. Petrov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642717373
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 379
Get Book Here
Book Description
Analyses data on the composition, structure and formation of various petroleum hydrocarbons: the alkanes, cycloalkanes and arenes. Attention is paid to biological markers, com- pounds that may have preserved the main structural features of the original biogenic molecules. Concepts of chemical classification of crude oils are reviewed with respect to the molecular mass distribution of biological markers, and the genesis and chemical evolution of petroleum hydrocarbons are discussed.
Author: N. Yamada
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrocarbons
Languages : en
Pages : 13
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Vladimir Kutcherov
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535109278
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 220
Get Book Here
Book Description
Hydrocarbons provide our core energy resource. Information on their origin, properties and phase behavior is interesting from the point of view of physical chemistry. At the same time this information is of great value to the oil and gas industry. The book "Hydrocarbon" is comprised of 9 chapters, covering different topics: from origin of hydrocarbons to the method for hydrocarbon exploration. Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and their influence to environment are also discussed. This book should serve as a support to researchers and students as well as experts, both in academia and industry.
Author: G.V. Chilingarian
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080869556
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 603
Get Book Here
Book Description
Diagenesis is a highly developed, interdisciplinary field of study. It is reciprocal in that it borrows from numerous scientific or technological specialities and then, in turn, repays them with useful results. Too often, however, the information gained and concepts developed remain unintegrated instead of being utilized quickly by several related earth-science fraternities. This volume, the first of a multi-volume work, attempts to bring together such information, thereby assisting the individual and the research group in keeping up with the data explosion. There is no end in sight to diagenetic research because of its wide practical and intellectual appeals. Consequently, periodic reviews, such as presented in this volume, are greatly needed.
Author: Norbert Berkowitz
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080531881
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 367
Get Book Here
Book Description
Fossil hydrocarbons form a continuous series whose"heavy"members--heavy oils, bitumens, oil shale kerogens, and coal--are important sources of conventional lighter fuels. These hydrocarbons are much more abundant and easier to extract than natural gas and oil. This book discusses the origins and compositions of fossil hydrocarbons and shows how the"heavies"can be chemically transformed into environmentally clean gas, liquid transportation fuels, and an almost unlimited range of petrochemicals.Dr. Berkowitz explodes the entrenched dichotomy between"petroleum hydrocarbons"and coal that has shaped popular perceptions of energy, showing that it is feasible to develop new technologies that capitalize on the availability of"synthetic"natural gas and light oils.Fossil Hydrocarbons: Chemistry and Technology is a comprehensive treatment of fossil hydrocarbons, covering the source materials, biosources, metamorphic histories, geochemistry, classification, and molecular structure. It discusses the use of fossil hydrocarbons as a viable energy source in our future, detailing the preparation, processing and conversion technologies, as well as discussing the environmental issues that arise from production, processing, and use of various fossil hydrocarbons. Approaches various fossil hydrocarbons as chemically related entities, thus dispelling the unwarranted distinctions between crude oils and coal Explains how heavy fossil hydrocarbons can be processed by much the same methods as crude oils for good economic and environmental purpose Illustrates how bitumens, oil shales, and coals are convertible into synthetic natural gas and oils Shows a path for reasonable energy self-sufficiency, through conversion of heavy hydrocarbons into synthetic natural gas and oils Augments each chapter with end-of-chapter notes and a detailed bibliography Provides more than 200 useful tables, schematics, and figures
Author: A. Chidi Ibe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Bolonimibofa Kpokpowei
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783346122742
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
Get Book Here
Book Description
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Chemistry - Other, grade: 87.125%, University of Ghana, Legon, language: English, abstract: The controversy faced with the origin of petroleum is still an ongoing debate. The people who have carried out research demonstrated that at least some of the chemistry of the abiogenic theory can occur within the earth and if it proves to be the correct mechanism, it could explain the abundance of oil within the earth as well as offering the hope of much more remains and that it is possible to replenish the oil supplies. But this does not suffice as proof as the one and only mechanism for the formation of oil either. The biogenic (fossil) theory advocates have exhibited solid evidences on their side but on the other hand, the followers of abiogenic theory also have important evidences which cannot be denied. There is clearly no doubt that Sedimentary rocks that have been formed without no involvement of these abiotic hydrocarbons are suitable form commercial hydrocarbons deposits and thereby lead to dry holes. They concluded that abiotic sources are the major contributor in the commercial accumulations of hydrocarbons. But a well-balanced theory should be a major requirement which will help future hydrocarbon exploration efficiently.
Author: James G. Speight
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 0080942717
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 657
Get Book Here
Book Description
Written by an author with over 38 years of experience in the chemical and petrochemical process industry, this handbook will present an analysis of the process steps used to produce industrial hydrocarbons from various raw materials. It is the first book to offer a thorough analysis of external factors effecting production such as: cost, availability and environmental legislation. An A-Z list of raw materials and their properties are presented along with a commentary regarding their cost and availability. Specific processing operations described in the book include: distillation, thermal cracking and coking, catalytic methods, hydroprocesses, thermal and catalytic reforming, isomerization, alkylation processes, polymerization processes, solvent processes, water removal, fractionation and acid gas removal. Flow diagrams and descriptions of more than 250 leading-edge process technologies An analysis of chemical reactions and process steps that are required to produce chemicals from various raw materials Properties, availability and environmental impact of various raw materials used in hydrocarbon processing
Author: Harold H. Schobert
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 1483140938
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 361
Get Book Here
Book Description
The Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Fuels is concerned with the chemical aspects of hydrofuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Topics covered include diagenesis and catagenesis, processing of natural gas and petroleum fractions, coal combustion, and chemicals that can be obtained from fuels. This book is comprised of 14 chapters and begins with a comprehensive treatment of the formation of fuels from accumulated organic matter, along with the organic geochemistry of coal, oil, and gas. The following chapters focus on the composition of hydrocarbon fuels and some of their important physical properties. Production and use of synthesis gas, alternate fuels from coal, and oxygenated fuels are considered. The remaining chapters deal with some of the chemistry of separation, refining, and use of hydrocarbon fuels. This monograph is written primarily for practicing scientists and engineers, fuel scientists, petroleum chemists, and those who are new to the field of fuel science and seek an introduction to fuel chemistry.
