Author: ARIEL. SALZMANN
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781787383159
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Anti-Semitism and Islamophobia are on the rise in twenty-first-century Europe, but these notions of the malevolent, conspiring Jew or Muslim are far more than a medieval trope. Over the last millennium, deep currents of exclusion have shaped not only modern relationships between majorities and minorities, but the distinctive Western relationship between state and society. This volume asks an important question: why is it that, in a period when Europe's Islamic south and Catholic and Orthodox east remained home to religiously diverse communities, the Western fringes of Latin Christendom instead rid themselves of Jews and Muslims, through exploitation, mass murder, deportations and enslavement? Ariel Salzmann identifies the intersecting structural and sociological roots of this peculiarly Western approach, from rapid consolidation of secular polities and commercial markets in the Crusades era; to the ideology and practice of ritualised, politicised violence against minorities; to distinctive forms of economic protectionism arising from the use of minorities and their resources as bargaining chips. 'The Exclusionary West' shows that the medieval exclusion of minorities is bound up with the very foundation of Western European nation-states, informing the basic rights of civil citizenship and shaping Western ideas of identity and belonging. These legacies retain their insidious but potent power today.
Author: David Sibley
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134813376
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
Analyses the construction of socio-spatial boundaries seen in gedner, colour, sexuality, age, lifestyle and disability, arguing that powerful groups tend to dominate space to create fear of minorities in the home, community and state.
Author: Andrea Geiger
Publisher: Yale University Press
ISBN: 0300177976
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 233
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Book Description
Concerned with people called variously: eta, burakumin, buraku jumin, buraku people, outcastes, or "the lowest of the low", this book examines how their experience of caste/status-based discrimination in 19th century Japan affected their experience of race-based discrimination in the West of the US and Canada in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Author: Jack P. Greene
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521114985
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
Consisting of an introduction and ten chapters, Exclusionary Empire examines the transfer of English traditions of liberty and the rule of law overseas from 1600 to 1900. Each chapter is written by a noted specialist and focuses on a particular area of the settler empire - Colonial North America, the West Indies, Ireland, the early United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa - and on one non-settler colony, India. The book examines the ways in which the polities in each of these areas incorporated these traditions, paying particular attention to the extent to which these traditions were confined to the independent white male segments of society and denied to most others. This collection will be invaluable to all those interested in the history of colonialism, European expansion, the development of empire, the role of cultural inheritance in those histories, and the confinement of access to that inheritance to people of European descent.
Author: Anthony W. Marx
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198035284
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 277
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Book Description
Common wisdom has long held that the ascent of the modern nation coincided with the flowering of Enlightenment democracy and the decline of religion, ringing in an age of tolerant, inclusive, liberal states. Not so, demonstrates Anthony W. Marx in this landmark work of revisionist political history and analysis. In a startling departure from a historical consensus that has dominated views of nationalism for the past quarter century, Marx argues that European nationalism emerged two centuries earlier, in the early modern era, as a form of mass political engagement based on religious conflict, intolerance, and exclusion. Challenging the self-congratulatory geneaology of civic Western nationalism, Marx shows how state-builders attempted to create a sense of national solidarity to support their burgeoning authority. Key to this process was the transfer of power from local to central rulers; the most suitable vehicle for effecting this transfer was religion and fanatical passions. Religious intolerance--specifically the exclusion of religious minorities from the nascent state--provided the glue that bonded the remaining populations together. Out of this often violent religious intolerance grew popular nationalist sentiment. Only after a core and exclusive nationality was formed in England and France, and less successfully in Spain, did these countries move into the "enlightened" 19th century, all the while continuing to export intolerance and exclusion to overseas colonies. Providing an explicitly political theory of early nation-building, rather than an account emphasizing economic imperatives or literary imaginings, Marx reveals that liberal, secular Western political traditions were founded on the basis of illiberal, intolerant origins. His provocative account also suggests that present-day exclusive and violent nation-building, or efforts to form solidarity through cultural or religious antagonisms, are not fundamentally different from the West's own earlier experiences.
Author: Sarah Deutsch
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
ISBN: 149622955X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 523
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Book Description
To many Americans in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the West was simultaneously the greatest symbol of American opportunity, the greatest story of its history, and the imagined blank slate on which the country's future would be written. From the Spanish-American War in 1898 to the Great Depression's end, from the Mississippi to the Pacific, policymakers at various levels and large-scale corporate investors, along with those living in the West and its borderlands, struggled over who would define modernity, who would participate in the modern American West, and who would be excluded. In Making a Modern U.S. West Sarah Deutsch surveys the history of the U.S. West from 1898 to 1940. Centering what is often relegated to the margins in histories of the region--the flows of people, capital, and ideas across borders--Deutsch attends to the region's role in constructing U.S. racial formations and argues that the West as a region was as important as the South in constructing the United States as a "white man's country." While this racial formation was linked to claims of modernity and progress by powerful players, Deutsch shows that visions of what constituted modernity were deeply contested by others. This expansive volume presents the most thorough examination to date of the American West from the late 1890s to the eve of World War II.
Author: Rebecca Scofield
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780295746777
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"This book examines how (and why) rodeo has provided diverse communities ways in which they can prove themselves as real Americans, real men, and real heroes, often through the enactment of ever-shifting concepts like authenticity, tradition, and heritage. The author analyzes how the space of the rodeo arena has exposed fractures in the narrative of the cowboy over the twentieth century, focusing particularly on the experiences of non-normative cowboys and cowgirls to demonstrate how people stripped of their place in a collectively imagined Western past have both challenged and reinforced the cowboy as an icon of American authenticity. The case studies include female bronc-riders in the 1910s and 1920s, convict cowboys in the mid-twentieth century, all-black rodeos in the 1960s and 1970s, and gay rodeoers in the late century. Cast out of popular Western mythology and pushed to the fringes in everyday life, these people found belonging and meaning at the rodeo, staking a claim to national inclusion through regional performance. Yet, alongside their challenges to the restrictive definition of the cowboy, they also contributed to the persistent idea of an authentic Western identity"--]cProvided by publisher.
Author: Catarina Kinnvall
Publisher: OUP USA
ISBN: 0199747547
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
This book explores how economic, strategic, cultural, and political forces influence the way in which Muslim minorities in Western countries form their political identities.
Author: Beth Lew-Williams
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674976010
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
Beth Lew-Williams shows how American immigration policies incited violence against Chinese workers, and how that violence provoked new exclusionary policies. Locating the origins of the modern American "alien" in this violent era, she makes clear that the present resurgence of xenophobia builds mightily upon past fears of the "heathen Chinaman."
Author: Julie Fette
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 0801463998
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
In the 1930s, the French Third Republic banned naturalized citizens from careers in law and medicine for up to ten years after they had obtained French nationality. In 1940, the Vichy regime permanently expelled all lawyers and doctors born of foreign fathers and imposed a 2 percent quota on Jews in both professions. On the basis of extensive archival research, Julie Fette shows in Exclusions that doctors and lawyers themselves, despite their claims to embody republican virtues, persuaded the French state to enact this exclusionary legislation. At the crossroads of knowledge and power, lawyers and doctors had long been dominant forces in French society: they ran hospitals and courts, doubled as university professors, held posts in parliament and government, and administered justice and public health for the nation. Their social and political influence was crucial in spreading xenophobic attitudes and rendering them more socially acceptable in France. Fette traces the origins of this professional protectionism to the late nineteenth century, when the democratization of higher education sparked efforts by doctors and lawyers to close ranks against women and the lower classes in addition to foreigners. The legislatively imposed delays on the right to practice law and medicine remained in force until the 1970s, and only in 1997 did French lawyers and doctors formally recognize their complicity in the anti-Semitic policies of the Vichy regime. Fette's book is a powerful contribution to the argument that French public opinion favored exclusionary measures in the last years of the Third Republic and during the Holocaust.
