Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher: Forgotten Books
ISBN: 9781334014949
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
Excerpt from The Elements of Non-Euclidean Plane Geometry and Trigonometry IN this little book I have attempted to treat the Elements of non-euclidean Plane Geometry and Trigonometry in such a way as to prove useful to teachers of Elementary Geometry in schools and colleges. Recent changes in the teaching of Geometry in England and America have made it more than ever necessary that the teachers should have some knowledge of the hypotheses on which Euclidean Geometry is built, and especially of that hypothesis on which Euclid's Theory of Parallels rests. The historical treatment of the Theory of Parallels leads naturally to a discussion of the non-euclidean Geometries and it is only when the logical possibility of these non-euclidean Geometries is properly understood that a teacher is entitled to form an independent Opinion upon the teaching of Elementary Geometry. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geometry
Languages : en
Pages : 193
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Book Description
Author: I.M. Yaglom
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146126135X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
There are many technical and popular accounts, both in Russian and in other languages, of the non-Euclidean geometry of Lobachevsky and Bolyai, a few of which are listed in the Bibliography. This geometry, also called hyperbolic geometry, is part of the required subject matter of many mathematics departments in universities and teachers' colleges-a reflec tion of the view that familiarity with the elements of hyperbolic geometry is a useful part of the background of future high school teachers. Much attention is paid to hyperbolic geometry by school mathematics clubs. Some mathematicians and educators concerned with reform of the high school curriculum believe that the required part of the curriculum should include elements of hyperbolic geometry, and that the optional part of the curriculum should include a topic related to hyperbolic geometry. I The broad interest in hyperbolic geometry is not surprising. This interest has little to do with mathematical and scientific applications of hyperbolic geometry, since the applications (for instance, in the theory of automorphic functions) are rather specialized, and are likely to be encountered by very few of the many students who conscientiously study (and then present to examiners) the definition of parallels in hyperbolic geometry and the special features of configurations of lines in the hyperbolic plane. The principal reason for the interest in hyperbolic geometry is the important fact of "non-uniqueness" of geometry; of the existence of many geometric systems.
Author: H. S. M. Coxeter
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780883855225
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
A reissue of Professor Coxeter's classic text on non-Euclidean geometry. It surveys real projective geometry, and elliptic geometry. After this the Euclidean and hyperbolic geometries are built up axiomatically as special cases. This is essential reading for anybody with an interest in geometry.
Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher: Legare Street Press
ISBN: 9781016474511
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Author: Roger A. Johnson
Publisher: Courier Corporation
ISBN: 048615498X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 338
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Book Description
This classic text explores the geometry of the triangle and the circle, concentrating on extensions of Euclidean theory, and examining in detail many relatively recent theorems. 1929 edition.
Author: H. S. Carslaw
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: I. E. Leonard
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118679148
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 501
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Book Description
Features the classical themes of geometry with plentiful applications in mathematics, education, engineering, and science Accessible and reader-friendly, Classical Geometry: Euclidean, Transformational, Inversive, and Projective introduces readers to a valuable discipline that is crucial to understanding bothspatial relationships and logical reasoning. Focusing on the development of geometric intuitionwhile avoiding the axiomatic method, a problem solving approach is encouraged throughout. The book is strategically divided into three sections: Part One focuses on Euclidean geometry, which provides the foundation for the rest of the material covered throughout; Part Two discusses Euclidean transformations of the plane, as well as groups and their use in studying transformations; and Part Three covers inversive and projective geometry as natural extensions of Euclidean geometry. In addition to featuring real-world applications throughout, Classical Geometry: Euclidean, Transformational, Inversive, and Projective includes: Multiple entertaining and elegant geometry problems at the end of each section for every level of study Fully worked examples with exercises to facilitate comprehension and retention Unique topical coverage, such as the theorems of Ceva and Menalaus and their applications An approach that prepares readers for the art of logical reasoning, modeling, and proofs The book is an excellent textbook for courses in introductory geometry, elementary geometry, modern geometry, and history of mathematics at the undergraduate level for mathematics majors, as well as for engineering and secondary education majors. The book is also ideal for anyone who would like to learn the various applications of elementary geometry.
Author: Michael P. Hitchman
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
ISBN: 0763754579
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Book Description
The content of Geometry with an Introduction to Cosmic Topology is motivated by questions that have ignited the imagination of stargazers since antiquity. What is the shape of the universe? Does the universe have and edge? Is it infinitely big? Dr. Hitchman aims to clarify this fascinating area of mathematics. This non-Euclidean geometry text is organized intothree natural parts. Chapter 1 provides an overview including a brief history of Geometry, Surfaces, and reasons to study Non-Euclidean Geometry. Chapters 2-7 contain the core mathematical content of the text, following the ErlangenProgram, which develops geometry in terms of a space and a group of transformations on that space. Finally chapters 1 and 8 introduce (chapter 1) and explore (chapter 8) the topic of cosmic topology through the geometry learned in the preceding chapters.
Author: Horatio Scott Carslaw
Publisher: Theclassics.Us
ISBN: 9781230735689
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 46
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Book Description
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1916 edition. Excerpt: ...angles y; and it can be constructed without that assumption. The associated triangle gives us the second side b of the required triangle. This argument depends upon the theorem proved in 41-3, that we can always find H(p) when p is given, and that proved in 45, that given IT(p), we can always find p. 37. Proper and Improper Points. In the Euclidean Plane two lines either intersect or are parallel. If we speak of two parallels as intersecting at "a point at infinity and assign to every straight line "a point at infinity," so that the plane is completed by the introduction of these fictitious or improper points, we can assert that any two given straight lines in the plane intersect each other. On this understanding we have two kinds of pencils of straight lines in the Euclidean Plane: the ordinary pencil whose vertex is a proper point, and the set of parallels to any given straight line, a pencil of lines whose vertex is an improper point. Also, in this Non-Euclidean Geometry, there are advantages to be gained by introducing fictitious points in the plane. If two coplanar straight lines are given they belong to one of three classes. They may intersect in the ordinary sense; they may be parallel; or they may be not-intersecting lines with a common perpendicular. Corresponding to the second and third classes we introduce two kinds of fictitious or improper points. Two parallel lines are said to intersect at a point at infinity. And every straight line will have two points at infinity, one corresponding to each direction of parallelism. All the lines parallel to a given line in the same sense will thus have a common point--a point at infinity on the line. Two not-intersecting lines have a common...
