The Effects on Infant Birth Weight and Fetal Growth of Maternal Consumption of Decaffeinated Coffee During the Fourth and Fifth Months of Pregnancy PDF Download
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Author: Annie Lucinda Stapleton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Author: Annie Lucinda Stapleton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Author: Leslie A. Pray
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309297493
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine in August 2013 to review the available science on safe levels of caffeine consumption in foods, beverages, and dietary supplements and to identify data gaps. Scientists with expertise in food safety, nutrition, pharmacology, psychology, toxicology, and related disciplines; medical professionals with pediatric and adult patient experience in cardiology, neurology, and psychiatry; public health professionals; food industry representatives; regulatory experts; and consumer advocates discussed the safety of caffeine in food and dietary supplements, including, but not limited to, caffeinated beverage products, and identified data gaps. Caffeine, a central nervous stimulant, is arguably the most frequently ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world. Occurring naturally in more than 60 plants, including coffee beans, tea leaves, cola nuts and cocoa pods, caffeine has been part of innumerable cultures for centuries. But the caffeine-in-food landscape is changing. There are an array of new caffeine-containing energy products, from waffles to sunflower seeds, jelly beans to syrup, even bottled water, entering the marketplace. Years of scientific research have shown that moderate consumption by healthy adults of products containing naturally-occurring caffeine is not associated with adverse health effects. The changing caffeine landscape raises concerns about safety and whether any of these new products might be targeting populations not normally associated with caffeine consumption, namely children and adolescents, and whether caffeine poses a greater health risk to those populations than it does for healthy adults. This report delineates vulnerable populations who may be at risk from caffeine exposure; describes caffeine exposure and risk of cardiovascular and other health effects on vulnerable populations, including additive effects with other ingredients and effects related to pre-existing conditions; explores safe caffeine exposure levels for general and vulnerable populations; and identifies data gaps on caffeine stimulant effects.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1848
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Book Description
Author: Lindsay Allen
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080454283
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 2388
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Book Description
Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition, Second Edition is a thorough revision and 20% expansion of the 1998 release, reflecting the continuing scientific advances in the field of human nutrition. Now a four-volume set, nearly 300 articles with concise, up-to-date information are complemented by an award-winning indexing system. Included is expanded coverage of epidemiology of diet-related diseases, functional foods, food safety, clinical nutrition and gastrointestinal disorders. Virtually everyone will find the Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition an easy-to-use resource making it an ideal reference choice for both the professional and the non-professional alike. Also available online via ScienceDirect – featuring extensive browsing, searching, and internal cross-referencing between articles in the work, plus dynamic linking to journal articles and abstract databases, making navigation flexible and easy. For more information, pricing options and availability visit www.info.sciencedirect.com. FEATURES OF SECOND PRINT EDITION Now a four-volume set with over 250 articles Expanded coverage of epidemiology of diet-related diseases, functional foods, food safety, and gastrointestinal disorders, among other topics ONLINE FEATURES AND FUNCTIONALITIES Browse the whole work by volume, authors or article titles Full and extensive subject index can be searched or browsed online, and takes you directly to the indexed paragraph, section, figure or table Basic and advanced search functionality across the entire work or by specific volume Users can build, save and re-run seraches, as well as combine saved searches Extensive internal cross-referencing and dynamic linking from biliographic references to primary-source material, increasing the scope of your research rapidly and effectively All articles available as full-text HTML files, or as PDF files that can be viewed, downloaded or printed in their original format
Author: Jack E. James
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 456
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Book Description
Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world. The complexity and diversity of its effects have challenged the investigatory skills of generations of scientists. Caffeine's implications for health have been considered from a plethora of disciplinary perspectives, with the result that research findings are scattered across a daunting array of scientific periodicals and specialist texts. This book provides a comprehensive assessment of the complex behavioral and biomedical effects of caffeine on health. The clear, lucid text conveys a wealth of information of interest to specialists, health practitioners, and scientists involved in health matters. Single-authored text, written in a clear, readable style Appeals to scientists generally as part of the current interest in health matters, as well as to its specialist audience Provides a comprehensive review of the complex and diverse effects of caffeine on the human body
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Trichloroethylene
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241549912
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Within the continuum of reproductive health care, antenatal care provides a platform for important health-care functions, including health promotion, screening and diagnosis, and disease prevention. It has been established that, by implementing timely and appropriate evidence-based practices, antenatal care can save lives. Endorsed by the United Nations Secretary-General, this is a comprehensive WHO guideline on routine antenatal care for pregnant women and adolescent girls. It aims to complement existing WHO guidelines on the management of specific pregnancy-related complications. The guidance captures the complex nature of the antenatal care issues surrounding healthcare practices and delivery, and prioritizes person-centered health and well-being --- not only the prevention of death and morbidity --- in accordance with a human rights-based approach.
Author: Jason H. Collins, MD, MSCR
Publisher: Xlibris Corporation
ISBN: 1493114654
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 115
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Book Description
With an estimated 8,000 deaths per year in the United States from complications of UCA, an initial goal of 50% reduction of loss is possible. To achieve this goal requires the recognition by the obstetrical community of the issue. Recent research into circadian rhythms may help explain why UCA stillbirth is an event between 2:00 a.m. and 4:00 a.m. Melatonin has been described as stimulating uterine contractions through the M2 receptor. Melatonin secretion from the pineal gland begins around 10:00 p.m. and peaks to 60 pg at 3:00 a.m. Serum levels decline to below 10 pg by 6:00 a.m. Uterine stimulation intensifies during maternal sleep, which can be overwhelming to a compromised fetus, especially one experiencing intermittent umbilical cord compression due to UCA. It is now time for the focus to be on screening for UCA, managing UCA prenatally, and delivery of the baby in distress defined by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists as a heart rate of 90 beats per minute for 1 minute on a recorded nonstress test. The ability of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize UCA is well documented. The 18–20 week ultrasound review should include the umbilical cord, its characteristics, and description of its placental and fetal attachment. The American Association of Ultrasound Technologists has defined these parameters for umbilical cord abnormalities: B.1.4• Abnormal insertion B.1.5• Vasa previa B.1.6• Abnormal composition B.1.7• Cysts, hematomas, and masses B.1.8• Umbilical cord thrombosis B.1.9• Coiling, collapse, knotting, and prolapse B.1.10• Umbilical cord evaluation with sonography includes the appearance, composition, location, and size of the cord Cord Events: Although many stillbirths are attributed to a cord accident, this diagnosis should be made with caution. Cord abnormalities, including a Nuchal Cord, are found in approximately 30% of normal births and may be an incidental finding. (American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology Practice Bulletin 2009) According to NICHD’s recent stillbirth study, UCA is a significant cause of mortality (10%). This finding is in agreement with other international UCA studies. (Bukowski et al. 2011) These histologic criteria identify cases of cord accident as a cause of stillbirth with very high specificity. (Dilated fetal vessels, thrombosis in fetal vessels, avascular placental villi.) (Pediatr Dev Pathol 2012) Finally, defining the morbidity (injury) of cord compression, such as fetal neurologic injury or heart injury identified with umbilical cord blood troponin T levels or pulmonary injury, is the next major area of investigation.
Author: Ruth A. Lawrence
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Breastfeeding
Languages : en
Pages : 40
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309131138
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 868
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Book Description
As women of childbearing age have become heavier, the trade-off between maternal and child health created by variation in gestational weight gain has become more difficult to reconcile. Weight Gain During Pregnancy responds to the need for a reexamination of the 1990 Institute of Medicine guidelines for weight gain during pregnancy. It builds on the conceptual framework that underscored the 1990 weight gain guidelines and addresses the need to update them through a comprehensive review of the literature and independent analyses of existing databases. The book explores relationships between weight gain during pregnancy and a variety of factors (e.g., the mother's weight and height before pregnancy) and places this in the context of the health of the infant and the mother, presenting specific, updated target ranges for weight gain during pregnancy and guidelines for proper measurement. New features of this book include a specific range of recommended gain for obese women. Weight Gain During Pregnancy is intended to assist practitioners who care for women of childbearing age, policy makers, educators, researchers, and the pregnant women themselves to understand the role of gestational weight gain and to provide them with the tools needed to promote optimal pregnancy outcomes.
