The Effects of Temperature on Skewed Integral Abutment Bridges PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Effects of Temperature on Skewed Integral Abutment Bridges PDF full book. Access full book title The Effects of Temperature on Skewed Integral Abutment Bridges by Laura Marie Ryan. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Laura Marie Ryan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Laura Marie Ryan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 126
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Brad Harold Sayers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 518
Get Book Here
Book Description
Integral-abutment bridges eliminate the expansion joints that are generally used to accommodate bridge length changes due to daily and annual temperature variations. Additional stresses and displacements due to the thermal loading are induced in these indeterminate structures that are not typically associated with bridge structures supported on pins and rollers. The goal of this research was to determine the effects of the thermal loading on two integral-abutment bridges. Extensive field monitoring was conducted on two, in-service, skewed, integral-abutment bridges located in central Iowa. The experimental program included long-term monitoring of longitudinal and transverse abutment displacements, relative displacements of the superstructure over the pier caps, strains in selected steel HP-shaped piles supporting the abutments, strains in several PC girders, bridge member temperatures, and end fixity of selected piles and girders in the abutments. The experimental temperature and displacement data was used to calibrate an ANSYS, finite-element model for each of the two monitored bridge structures. Experimental strains were verified and maximum strains due to the thermal loading were predicted for various members using the finite-element models.
Author: Rami Ameer Bahjat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 219
Get Book Here
Book Description
This study presents the behavior of a precast skewed integral abutment bridge (IAB) using the recently developed NEXT-F Beam section in particular. In order to understand the bridge response, a 3-dimensional finite element model of a bridge (Brimfield Bridge) was developed to examine the thermal effect on the response of the bridge structural components. Eighteen months of field monitoring including abutments displacements, abutment rotations, deck strains, and beam strains was conducted utilizing 136 strain gauges, 6 crackmeters, and 2 tiltmeters. The behavior of the NEXT beams during construction was examined by conducting hand calculation considering all factors that could affect strain readings captured by strain gauges embedded in the 6 beams. Parametric analysis and model validation were conducted considering the effect of soil conditions, distribution of thermal loads, and the coefficient of thermal expansion used for the analyses. Using the validated model, the effect pile orientation was investigated. All the results and illustration plots are presented in detail in this study. As a result of this study, the behavior of the NEXT beams during construction was explained. Long term behavior of the bridge was also explained using field data and FE model. Furthermore, it was concluded that the coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete and temperature variation along the bridge depth and transverse direction can have a significant effect on the strain readings and calculated response, respectively. Lastly, it was found that orienting piles with their web perpendicular on the bridge centerline or with their web perpendicular to the abutment centerline will result in small ratio of moment demand to moment capacity.
Author: George L. England
Publisher: Thomas Telford
ISBN: 9780727728456
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 178
Get Book Here
Book Description
This work was commissioned by the Highways Agency to produce guidance for bridge designers by addressing the thermally induced soil/structure integration problem created by environmental changes of temperature and the associated cyclical displacements imposed on the granular backfill to the bridge abutments. It develops a better theoretical understanding of the cyclic performance, in particular the strain racheting in the backfill soil when in contact with a stiff structure. It also identifies the governing soil parameters and examines their influence in the interaction problem, develops numerical modelling procedures to predict interactive soil behaviour, and identifies and quantifies the controlling features of bridge structures relevant to the interaction problem.
Author: Matthew Earl Thomas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Get Book Here
Book Description
The experimental investigation consisted of determining longitudinal and transverse abutment movements, strains in H-shaped steel piles, strains in prestressed concrete girders, temperature distributions, and the fixity of the piles and girders in the abutment. Data was collected to measure effects of daily and seasonal temperature variations. A large volume of data was collected and analyzed. Preliminary results show that the bridges are performing satisfactorily with no sign of distress. In addition to providing experimental evidence of the behavior of the two bridges, the data will be used to calibrate analytical models in subsequent research to be conducted on these bridges.
Author: Jimin Huang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 726
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Robert E. Abendroth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
The objectives of this research program were to evaluate the state-of-art for the design of prestressed-concrete (PC), integralabutment bridges; to validate the assumptions that are incorporated in the current-design procedures for these types of bridges when they are subjected to thermal-loading conditions; and, as appropriate, to revise and improve the current-design procedures for this type of a bridge, as that design relates to the thermally-induced displacements of the abutments and the thermally-induced forces in the abutments and abutment piles. Two, skewed, PC girder, integral-abutment bridges in the State of Iowa were instrumented over a two-year period to measure structural behavior. Longitudinal and transverse displacements and rotation of the integral abutments, strains in the steel piles and in the PC girders, and temperature distributions were recorded throughout the monitoring period for both bridges. The coefficient of thermal expansion and contraction for the concrete in core specimens that were taken from 20 bridge decks and from several PC girders was experimentally measured at the 100%-dry and 100%-saturated conditions. The longitudinal displacements of the integral abutments correlated well with the recorded change in the bridge temperature. Total, longitudinal, pile strains exceeded the minimum, specified, yield strain of the steel for both bridges. Longitudinal strains in the PC girders were well within acceptable limits. The experimental data were used to calibrate and refine finite-element models of both bridges. Discrepancies were not fully explained for the differences between the predicted and measured, thermal expansion of the bridge and vertical rotations of the integral abutments.
Author: Suhail Albhaisi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 325
Get Book Here
Book Description
This research investigates the effect of substructure stiffness on the performance of short and medium span length Integral Abutment Bridges (IABs) subjected to thermal load. Various parameters such as foundation soil stiffness, pile orientation, pile type, and abutment geometry on the performance of IABs, are considered. Three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element (FE) models were developed using the FE software LUSAS to capture the behavior of IABs including the variations in displacement and rotation in the transverse direction for the various components of the superstructure as well as the substructure. Field measurements from a recently constructed two-span steel girder IAB were utilized to validate the 3D FE models. Using the validated model, a parametric study was carried out to study the effect of the above parameters on the performance of IABs under thermal loading using AASHTO-LRFD temperature ranges. The study shows that among the investigated parameters, the foundation soil stiffness stands as the most important factor that affects the performance of IABs. In general, the bridge behavior is more sensitive to the foundation soil stiffness during bridge contraction. The results from the study show considerable variations in displacement and rotation in the transverse direction for the various components of the superstructure and the substructure in relatively wide IABs. This research suggests that Prestressed Concrete Piles can be a viable alternative to steel H-Piles for short span bridges. It was also noticed that the stress level due to thermal loading in the various components of the bridge can be significantly reduced by enclosing the top part of the pile in an enclosure filled with crushed stone or loose sand. Moreover, the research suggests that the pile orientation has a minimum effect on the behavior of IABs. It also suggests that a slight increase in the abutment height can significantly reduce the displacement and rotation along the piles during bridge expansion. The research also suggests that 3D models are necessary to capture the behavior of IABs especially during bridge expansion. The research provides simple equations and charts to help bridge engineers calculate the displacement and rotation along the substructure.
Author: R. Abendroth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 24
Get Book Here
Book Description
Integral abutment bridges are constructed without an expansion joint in the superstructure of the bridge; therefore, the bridge girders, deck, abutment diaphragms, and abutments are monolithically constructed. The abutment piles in an integral abutment bridge are vertically orientated, and they are embedded into the pile cap. When this type of a bridge experiences thermal expansion or contraction, horizontal displacements are induced at the top of the abutment piles. The flexibility of the abutment piles eliminates the need to provide an expansion joint at the inside face to the abutments: Integral abutment bridge construction has been used in Iowa and other states for many years. This research is evaluating the performance of integral abutment bridges by investigating thermally induced displacements, strains, and temperatures in two Iowa bridges. Each bridge has a skewed alignment, contains five prestressed concrete girders that support a 30-ft wide roadway for three spans, and involves a water crossing. The bridges will be monitored for about two years.
Author: Robert Emil Abendroth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 76
Get Book Here
Book Description
This report presents the details of the first integral abutment bridge in the state of Iowa that utilized precast, prestressed concrete piles in the abutment. The bridge, which was constructed in Tama County in 2000, consists of a 110 ft. long, 30 ft. wide, single-span PC girder superstructure with a left-side-ahead 20 degree skew angle. The bridge was instrumented with a variety of strain gages, displacement sensors, and thermocouples to monitor and help in the assessment of structural behavior. The results of this monitoring are presented, and recommendations are made for future application of precast, prestressed concrete piles in integral abutment bridges.
