The Effect of Temperature on Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Expression and Fatty Acid Composition in Developing Soybean Seeds PDF Download
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Author: Grace Eleanor Byfield
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109854947
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
The differences in steady state mRNA levels we observed could be due to changes in transcription rate or mRNA stability. In light of this, further studies to measure desaturase activity under specific temperature regimes are needed in order to clarify the linkages of transcript level to enzyme activity and the fatty acid composition in developing soybean seeds.
Author: Grace Eleanor Byfield
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109854947
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
The differences in steady state mRNA levels we observed could be due to changes in transcription rate or mRNA stability. In light of this, further studies to measure desaturase activity under specific temperature regimes are needed in order to clarify the linkages of transcript level to enzyme activity and the fatty acid composition in developing soybean seeds.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the largest oilseed crop produced and consumed worldwide. As an oilseed, soybean provides high quality protein for livestock and poultry feed, and the oil is used extensively in the cooking and food manufacturing industries across the world. Soybean producers have targeted improved oil traits as a priority area of research to enhance the market share of U.S. soybean. Soybean seed is approximately 18% oil and standard commodity soybean oil is a mixture of five fatty acids; palmitic (11%), stearic (4%), oleic (22%), linoleic (53%), and linolenic (8%). Oils high in monounsaturated fatty acids possess increased oxidative stability which negates the need for hydrogenation and eliminates the production of trans-fats. Food products containing trans-fatty acids are currently a major health concern and as such, soybean breeders and molecular geneticists have been challenged to efficiently alter the fatty acid composition to meet the specific needs of the various industries. Fatty acid desaturases are enzymes responsible for the insertion of double bonds (normally in the Z or cis conformation) into alkyl chains, following the abstraction of two hydrogen atoms. The physical properties and nutritional value of many animal and plant storage lipids are determined by desaturases. The quality of soybean oil is of paramount importance both economically and from a nutritional stand point and depends to a large extent on the ratio of polyunsaturated to monounsaturated fatty acid. Temperature also plays an important role in the final lipid content of oil seed plants. In this study, we designed and used gene-specific primers to the following fatty acid desaturases; stearoyl-ACP desaturase (SACPD), omega-6 fatty acid desaturase (FAD2-1), and omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (FAD3), to characterize soybean varieties. We further determined the effect of temperature on the expression of these desaturase genes by quantifying transcript accumulation at various.
Author: Oscar Lorenzo
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889669548
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Author: Moulay Abdelmajid Kassem
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030829065
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 638
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Book Description
Soybean Seed Composition covers three decades of advances in quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of seed protein, oil, fatty acids, amino acids, sugars, mineral nutrients, isoflavones, lunasin, and other beneficial compounds. It opens with coverage of seed protein, oil, fatty acids, and amino acids and the effects that genetic and environmental factors have on them. Detailed discussion of QTL that control seed protein, oil, and fatty acids follows, and the book also covers seed amino acids, macronutrients, micronutrients, sugars, and other compounds that are key to selection for crop improvement. The book also provides an overview of two decades of QTL mapping of mineral deficiencies in soybean, which sheds light on the importance of a balanced mineral nutrition in soybean and other crops, elucidates salt stress tolerance QTL mapping, which is another challenge that faces soybean and other crop production worldwide. The importance of soybean seed isoflavones from their biosynthesis and quantification methods to locations and variations in seeds, roots, and leaves, to their QTL mapping is discussed, as well as providing key information on lunasin, a bioactive anticancer peptide in soybean seeds that will help farmers and breeders to develop soybean cultivars with improved seed isoflavones and lunasin content. The book will be of interest to graduate students, academics, and researchers in the fields of genetic and QTL mapping of important agronomic traits in soybean and other crops.
Author: Amy J. M. McNaughton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Zhou Zhou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Functional genomics
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the world's most widely grown protein/oilseed crop and provides about 70% of global protein meal and 53% of vegetable oil in the United States. Soybean seed oil contains five major fatty acids, from which palmitic acid and stearic acid are two saturated fatty acids, oleic acid improves oxidative stability and linolenic acid is an essential fatty acid for human health. Soybean seed protein and oil are two important quality indices for soybean germplasm breeding. Soluble carbohydrates present in soybean meal provide metabolizable energy in livestock feed. To develop soybean germplasm with improved seed composition traits, it is important to discover novel source of seed fatty acid, protein, and carbohydrates traits. This dissertation aims to develop novel functional genomic technology coupled with an integrated approach for facilitating molecular soybean breeding. In this study, the first objective is to develop a high-throughput TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) by Target Capture Sequencing (TbyTCS) technology to improve the efficiency of discovering mutations in soybean. The robustness of this technology underlies the high yield of true mutations in genes controlling complex traits in soybean. Soybean mutagenized lines with modified fatty acids composition have been successfully developed to meet the different needs of end users. Altered fatty acids phenotypes have been associated with induced mutations in 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthase II (GmKASII), Delta-9-stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase (GmSACPD), omega-6 fatty acid desaturase 2 (GmFAD2), and omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (GmFAD3) genes identified through TbyTCS. The second objective is to characterize the soybean acyl-ACP thioesterase gene family through a comprehensive analysis. The additional members have been discovered belonging to 16:0-ACP fatty acid thioesterase (GmFATB) gene family. The mutations at oleoyl-ACP fatty acid thioesterase (GmFATA1A) have been revealed to result in the high seed oleic acid content. The novel alleles of GmFATB genes have also been identified to confer low palmitic acid and high oleic acid phenotypes in soybean seeds. The third objective is to assess the phenotypic variations and correlation among seed composition traits in mutagenized soybean populations. Correlation analyses have been conducted among soybean carbohydrates, protein, and oil content of soybean mutagenized populations and germplasm lines. Chemical mutagenesis played an essential role in soybean breeding to generate novel and desired seed composition traits.
Author: Guohao He
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Plants have numerous fatty acid desaturase (FAD) enzymes regulating the unsaturation of fatty acids, which are encoded by a FAD gene family. The FAD2 genes belong to such family and play a vital role in converting monounsaturated oleic acid to polyunsaturated linoleic acid. Oleic acid has the health benefits for humans, such as reduction in cholesterol level, antioxidation property, and industrial benefits like longer shelf life. The development of genotypes with high oleic acid content in seeds has become one of the primary goals in breeding oilseed plants. The identification and characterization of the FAD2 genes in plants have been an important step to better manipulate gene expression to improve the seed oil quality. The induction of mutations in FAD2 genes to reduce FAD2 enzyme activity has been an integral approach to generate genotypes with high oleic acid. This chapter will describe the FAD2 gene family in the model organism soybean and the correction of mutations in FAD2 genes with the increase of oleic acid content. Leveraging advanced research of FAD2 gene family in soybean promotes the study of FAD2 genes in other legume species, including peanut. The future perspectives and challenges associated with mutations in FAD2 genes will be discussed.
![Analysis of the Omega-3 Fatty Acid Desaturase in Soybean [glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Genotypes A5 and A23; Resistance to Sclerotinia Stem Rot in Soybean [glycine Max (L.) Merr.] is Induced by 2,6-dichloro-isonicotinic Acid PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/o6-ShwtS95gC?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Joseph Byrum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fatty acids
Languages : en
Pages : 142
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Book Description
Author: Dora Krezhova
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9533077212
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
This book presents the importance of applying of novel genetics and breading technologies. The efficient genotype selections and gene transformations provide for generation of new and improved soybean cultivars, resistant to disease and environmental stresses. The book introduces also a few recent modern techniques and technologies for detection of plant stress and characterization of biomaterials as well as for processing of soybean food and oil products.
Author: Raad Kadum Muslih
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Soybean
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
